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Advocates of 'cliodynamics' say that they can use scientific methods to illuminate the past. But historians are not so sure.

Turchin has been taking the mathematical techniques that once allowed him to track predator–prey cycles in forest ecosystems, and applying them to human history. He has analysed historical records on economic activity, demographic trends and outbursts of violence in the United States, and has come to the conclusion that a new wave of internal strife is already on its way1. The peak should occur in about 2020, he says, and will probably be at least as high as the one in around 1970. “I hope it won't be as bad as 1870,” he adds.

Cliodynamics is viewed with deep scepticism by most academic historians, who tend to see history as a complex stew of chance, individual foibles and one-of-a-kind situations that no broad-brush 'science of history' will ever capture.

Cosmopolitanism is the ideology that all human ethnic groups belong to a single community based on a shared morality. Cosmopolitanism may entail some sort of world government or it may simply refer to more inclusive moral, economic, and/or political relationships between nations or individuals of different nations. A person who adheres to the idea of cosmopolitanism in any of its forms is called a cosmopolitan or cosmopolite.[1] A cosmopolitan community might be based on an inclusive morality, a shared economic relationship, or a political structure that encompasses different nations. In its more positive versions, the cosmopolitan community is one in which individuals from different places (e.g. nation-states) form relationships of mutual respect. As an example, Kwame Anthony Appiah suggests the possibility of a cosmopolitan community in which individuals from varying locations (physical, economic, etc.) enter relationships of mutual respect despite their differing beliefs (religious, political, etc.).[2]

Cosmopolitanism can be traced back to Diogenes of Sinope (c. 412 B.C.), the founding father of the Cynic movement in Ancient Greece. Of Diogenes it is said: "Asked where he came from, he answered: 'I am a citizen of the world (kosmopolitês)'".[3] This was a ground-breaking concept, because the broadest basis of social identity in Greece at that time was either the individual city-state or the Greeks (Hellenes) as a group.

In his 1795 essay Perpetual Peace, Immanuel Kant stages a ius cosmopoliticum (cosmopolitan law/right) as a guiding principle to protect people from war, and morally grounds this cosmopolitan right by the principle of universal hospitality. Kant there claimed that the expansion of hospitality with regard to "use of the right to the earth's surface which belongs to the human race in common" (see common heritage of humanity) would "finally bring the human race ever closer to a cosmopolitan constitution".[6]

Set up a 1-on-1 or rally a weekly staff meeting in one step. TimeBridge coordinates everyone’s calendars and confirms the best time automatically.

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Capture and share ideas A lightweight tool for connecting insights

The Web is about IDEAS+PEOPLE. Cohere is a visual tool to create, connect and share Ideas. Back them up with websites. Support or challenge them. Embed them to spread virally. Discover who - literally - connects with your thinking.

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Weave webs of meaningful connections between ideas: your own and the world's

75% of our users switched to MeetingBurner fromGoToMeeting and WebEx – give us a try and find out why!

What sets MeetingBurner apart? Speed Attendees click once to join a meeting, and it loads lightning fast. Simplicity Anyone can join meetings without calling tech support. Integration Phone bridges, Skype, and webinars in perfect harmony. Social One-click to share a recorded meeting on YouTube. Price Free and fully featured with no distracting ads for attendees. Meeting Temperature Instant data that lets you drastically improve your pitch, follow up with interested attendees, and turn your meetings into a powerful sales tool. Autopilot™ Meetings Record a meeting on Sunday, but have it play on a Tuesday as if it’s live. PayPal Integration Charge attendees directly from the registration screen. Mobile Native Android functionality and iPhone/iPad apps to view.

All Together NowClarizen’s pure SaaS-based project execution platform goes beyond project management, giving your whole team a centralized environment to manage projects, tasks, resources, budgets – as well as associate emails, chat and documents - with in an intuitive, easy to use UI. Project managers and organizations get real-time visibility and clarity, enabling them to make decisions based on data, not guesswork.  Users of the system gain a flexible, task management tool to help them understand priorities and get the important work done on time.

The Project Software Your Team will UseClarizen has great adoption rates, because it is provides each user a personalized dashboard showing only tasks, conversations, and documents that are relevant to them. As each user updates their status, using email, mobile apps, or from within Clarizen, this data rolls up to the manager’s view. As a project manager or executive, you have full visibility to plan, delegate, and get real-time status into what your team is working on.

Combining Project Structure with CollaborationClarizen marries project management with collaboration, ensuring that all email, chat and other unstructured communications are associated within the context of a project.  The result is a work management environment with robust simplicity: Clarizen is feature-rich and powerful enough for the most seasoned project professional, yet it’s easy for a novice to begin working more productively as soon as they begin using Clarizen.

We are on the verge of revolution. A revolution that will make the industrial revolution seem trivial. We stand at the focus, the cumulation, the precipice, of a fundamental re-thinking of our shared social fabric. Actions today will reverberate for centuries. Technologies like bitcoin evince prophecy. We understand the past, to understand the present....

TIL we could cut the US defense budget in half ... spend an extra $150B per year on NASA, mail every person in the United States a check for $500 ... and still have the largest defense budget in the world by a factor of three.

Go through this great collection of documentary movies and watch free documentaries online. Share your thoughts and enjoy.

lue-chip companies could reduce their carbon emissions by 50% if they migrate their data storage operations to the cloud, a new study says.

Blue-chip companies could reduce their carbon emissions by 50% if they migrate their data storage operations to the cloud, a new study says.

The study conducted by the Carbon Disclosure Project in London focussed on large IT companies in France and the UK and found that they could achieve large cost savings and carbon reductions by 2020 if they moved their IT systems to shared data networks.

The concept of NJFP draws heavily on the outcomes defined and measured through triple bottom line reporting - demanding that a company's responsibility be to stakeholders rather than shareholders. In this case, 'stakeholders' refers to anyone who is influenced, either directly or indirectly, by the actions of the company. According to the stakeholder theory, the business entity should be used as a vehicle for coordinating stakeholder interests in a sustainable manner, instead of maximising shareholder(owner) profit. "People, Planet and Profit" are used to succinctly describe the triple bottom lines and the goal of sustainability.

Profit Profit is an aspect shared by all commerce, conscientious or not. Arguably, from the perspective of sustainability, profit is the most critical part of the triple bottom line. If a strong focus is not maintained on the value proposition for the product or service for sale, profits will be affected and consequently a business’s ability to have any impact through its purpose (people and planet) will be eroded.

People "People" (human capital) pertains to fair and beneficial business practices toward labor and the community and region in which a corporation conducts its business. The Global Reporting Initiative (GRI) has developed guidelines to enable corporations and NGO's alike to comparably report on the social impact of a business. [edit]