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Studies have found that high-salt diet can enhance the function of natural killer (NK) cells by enriching the abundance of Bifidobacterium, thus inhibiting tumor growth (63). High dietary fiber can enrich A. muciniphila, activate innate immunity, reshape the tumor microenvironment, and exert the function of inhibiting tumor (64). Notably, Wargo et al. have confirmed that high-dietary fiber diet can enhance anti-tumor immunity and increase the infiltration of tumor-killing T cells, while commercial probiotics treatment alone does not enhance the efficacy of immunotherapy. This study suggests that probiotics intervention is strain-specific and should be put in a specific dietary environment to make sense, to some extent (65).

Fascinating relationship b/t tumors and tumor microbiome.

high‐dose Carmustine (Bis‐chloroethylnitrosourea), Etoposide, Aracytine and Melphalan found to alter gut bacteria diversity.

Radiation alters TME to promote metastasis