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Nathan Goodyear

The Beneficial Effects of Antioxidant Supplementation in Enteral Feeding in Critically ... - 0 views

www.anesthesia-analgesia.org/...857.long

IV intravenous vitamin C E critically ill sepsis antioxidant therapy treatment

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Feb 12
     
    IV vitamin C and vitamin E was found to lower the mortality rate in those with critical illness at the 28 day mark.  This study showed the safety and efficacy of IV vitamin C and vitamin E in those critically ill.
Nathan Goodyear

Ascorbic Acid infusion in the resuscitation of burn patients - 0 views

www.surgicalcriticalcare.net/...ascorbic%20acid.pdf

IV intravenous vitamin C burn patients sepsis ascorbic acid

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 29 Feb 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 29 Feb 12
     
    review of the literature and scientific evidence finds high dose IV vitamin C to be beneficial in burn patients. Additionally, glucose testing (not serum) should be considered inaccurate for upto 36 hours following IV.
Nathan Goodyear

Obesity, Inflammation, and the Potential Application of Pharmaconutrition - 0 views

ncp.sagepub.com/...16.short

obesity inflammation pharmaconutrition

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 06 Jun 11 - No Cached
  • Obesity creates a low-grade systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) that is similar (but on a much smaller scale) to gram-negative sepsis.
  • Nathan Goodyear on 06 Jun 11
     
    Obesity, Inflammation, and the Potential Application of Pharmaconutrition
Nathan Goodyear

Artesunate Attenuates Pro-Inflammatory Cytokine Release from Macrophages by Inhibiting ... - 0 views

www.karger.com/...489982

LPS artesunate inflammation sepsis TLR4 cytokine storm

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Apr 20 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Apr 20
     
    To be read
Nathan Goodyear

Antimalarial artesunate protects sepsis model mice against heat-killed Escherichia coli... - 0 views

www.researchgate.net/...ription_factor_NF-B_activation

inflammation artesunate LPS TLR-4 TLR4

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 17 Apr 20 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 17 Apr 20
     
    Artesunate inhibits TLR-4 expression to block LPS induced pro-inflammatory response.
Nathan Goodyear

Antimalarial artesunate protects sepsis model mice against heat-killed Escherichia coli... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...18279792

Artesunate NF-kappaB cytokine storm TLR4 inflammation

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 07 Apr 20 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 07 Apr 20
     
    Study finds that artesunate reduced TLR4 and TLR9 expression hindering LPS cytokine induction. The result was inhibition of NF-kappaB and IL-6 production.
Nathan Goodyear

Vitamin C revisited | Critical Care | Full Text - 0 views

ccforum.biomedcentral.com/...s13054-014-0460-x

IV vitamin C vitamin C sepsis stroke oxidative stress LPS

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 22 Aug 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 22 Aug 17
     
    Great read on IV vitamin C in the critically ill.
Nathan Goodyear

Incidence of low-triiodothyronine syndrome in patients with septic shock - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC7853677

T4 TSH non-thyroidal illness syndrome septic shock sepsis T3

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 13 Apr 21 - No Cached
  • In the course of different disease states, the levels of T3, T4, and TSH decrease
  • euthyroid sick syndrome
  • low T3 can contribute to associated organ dysfunction
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • proportionally associated with disease severity and survival
  • nonthyroidal illness syndrome
  • Patients with persistent deterioration of hormone levels (T3, T4) during the study period had higher mortality than those who normalized the function of the thyroid axis
  • LT3S in patients with septic shock is part of the pathophysiology of this disease and/or an associated organ (endocrine-metabolic) failure and not just an adaptive phenomenon
  • substitution treatment with synthetic thyroid hormones could modify the hemodynamic symptoms of septic patients, contributing in part to the decrease in their morbidity and mortality
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 13 Apr 21
       
      Important statement
  • Nathan Goodyear on 13 Apr 21
     
    Septic shock and low T3
Nathan Goodyear

NETosis and Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in COVID-19: Immunothrombosis and Beyond - PMC - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC8924116

cancer NETosis SARS-CoV-2 COVID COVID-19 COVID19 platelets

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 18 Apr 23 - No Cached
  • Pneumonia is a typical symptom of COVID-19 infection, while acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and multiple organ failure are common in severe COVID-19 patients
  • NETs are important for preventing pathogen invasion, their excessive formation can result in a slew of negative consequences, such as autoimmune inflammation and tissue damage
  • SARS-CoV-2 infection has also been linked to increased neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratios, which is associated with disease severity and clinical prognosis
  • ...40 more annotations...
  • NETosis is a special form of programmed cell death in neutrophils, which is characterized by the extrusion of DNA, histones, and antimicrobial proteins in a web-like structure known as neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs)
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 23 Apr 23
       
      Definition
  • increased generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is a crucial intracellular process that causes NETosis
  • Another indirect route of SARS-CoV-2-induced NET production is platelet activation
  • When NETs are activated in the circulation, they can also induce hypercoagulability and thrombosis
  • In COVID-19, major NET protein cargos of NETs (i.e., NE, MPO, and histones) are significantly elevated.
  • SARS-CoV-2 can also infect host cells through noncanonical receptors such as C-type lectin receptors
  • Immunopathological manifestations, including cytokine storms and impaired adaptive immunity, are the primary drivers behind COVID-19, with neutrophil infiltration being suggested as a significant cause
  • NETosis and NETs are increasingly recognized as causes of vascular injury
  • SARS-CoV-2 and its components (e.g., spike proteins and viral RNA) attach to platelets and increase their activation and aggregation in COVID-19, resulting in vascular injury and thrombosis, both of which are linked to NET formation
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 23 Apr 23
       
      Connects SARS-CoV-2 to TLR on Platelets to NETosis to metastasis.
  • NET formation may be caused by activated platelets rather than SARS-CoV-2 itself
  • NETosis, leading to aberrant immunity such as cytokine storms, autoimmune disorders, and immunosuppression.
  • early bacterial coinfections were more prevalent in COVID-19 patients than those infected with other viruses
  • NETosis and NETs may also have a role in the development of post COVID-19 syndromes, including lung fibrosis, neurological disorders, tumor growth, and worsening of concomitant disease
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 23 Apr 23
       
      NETosis-> tumor growth
  • NETs and other by-products of NETosis have been shown to act as direct inflammation amplifiers. Hyperinflammation
  • “cytokine storm”
  • SARS-CoV-2 drives NETosis and NET formation to allow for the release of free DNA and by-products (e.g., elastases and histones). This may trigger surrounding macrophages and endothelial cells to secrete excessive proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines, which, in turn, enhance NET formation and form a positive feedback of cytokine storms in COVID-19
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 23 Apr 23
       
      Cycle of hyperinflammation
  • NET release enables self-antigen exposure and autoantibody production, thereby increasing the autoinflammatory response
  • patients with COVID-19 who have higher anti-NET antibodies are more likely to be detected with positive autoantibodies [e.g., antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and anti-neutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (ANCA)]
  • COVID-19 NETs may act as potential inducers for autoimmune responses
  • have weakened adaptive immunity as well as a high level of inflammation
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 23 Apr 23
       
      Immunomodulation
  • tumor-associated NETosis and NETs promote an immunosuppressive environment in which anti-tumor immunity is compromised
  • NETs have also been shown to enhance macrophage pyroptosis in sepsis
  • facilitating an immunosuppressive microenvironment
  • persistent immunosuppression may result in bacterial co-infection or secondary infection
  • can enhance this process by interacting with neutrophils through toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), platelet factor 4 (PF4), and extracellular vesicle-dependent processes
  • NET-induced immunosuppression in COVID-19 in the context of co-existing bacterial infection
  • Following initial onset of COVID-19, an estimated 50% or more of COVID-19 survivors may develop multi-organ problems (e.g., pulmonary dysfunction and neurologic impairment) or have worsening concomitant chronic illness
  • NETs in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of severe COVID-19 patients cause EMT in lung epithelial cells
  • decreased E-cadherin (an epithelial marker) expression
    • Nathan Goodyear
      Nathan Goodyear on 23 Apr 23
       
      Leads to emt
  • COVID-19 also has a long-term influence on tumor progression
  • Patients with tumors have been shown to be more vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 infection and subsequent development of severe COVID-19
  • patients who have recovered from COVID-19 may have an increased risk of developing cancer or of cancer progression and metastasis
  • awaken cancer cells
  • NETs have been shown to change the tumor microenvironment
  • enhance tumor progression and metastasis
  • vitamin C has been tested in phase 2 clinical trials aimed at reducing COVID-19-associated mortality by reducing excessive activation of the inflammatory response
  • vitamin C is an antioxidant that significantly attenuates PMA-induced NETosis in healthy neutrophils by scavenging ROS
  • vitamin C may also inhibit NETosis and NET production in COVID-19
  • Metformin
  • Vitamin C
  • Nathan Goodyear on 18 Apr 23
     
    NETosis intimately involved in progressive COVID, long COVID, autoimmunity, and cancer
Nathan Goodyear

Hypovitaminosis C and vitamin C deficiency in critically ill patients despite recommend... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC5725835

vitamin C deficiency hypovitaminosis C IV vitamin C septic shock critically ill hypovitaminosis ICU critical illness vitamin C critical care sepsis

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 14 Jul 22 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 14 Jul 22
     
    Septic patients have lower vitamin C levels and respond less to typical dosing due to inflammaiton
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