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Nathan Goodyear

The role of decidual natural killer ce... [J Obstet Gynaecol Can. 2008] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...18611298

preeclampsia pre-eclampsia NK cell natural killer RPL recurrent pregnancy loss

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 20 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 20 Apr 12
     
    same NK link to RPL, linked to preeclampsia.  NK cells play important role in the development of the spiral arteries in the placenta. It has long been thought, that the placenta was the likely culprit in the development of preeclampsia
Nathan Goodyear

Human CD56bright NK Cells: An Update | The Journal of Immunology - 0 views

www.jimmunol.org/...2923

NK cells natural killer cells CD16_56 cancer disease immunology

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 28 Sep 18 - No Cached
Amol kashikar liked it
  • Nathan Goodyear on 28 Sep 18
     
    Awesome review on CD16/56 NK cells in disease, particularly cancer.
Nathan Goodyear

Uterine and circulating natural killer cell... [J Reprod Immunol. 2011] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...21632120

RPL recurrent pregnancy loss NK immunology immune system natural killer cells preeclampsia pre-eclampsia PIH

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 19 Apr 12 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 19 Apr 12
     
    women with RPL and preeclampsia carry same immunologic NK abnormalities.  Loss of immune tolerance, elevated maternal NK, shown to play role in both.
Nathan Goodyear

Gender and sex hormones in multiple sclerosis pathology and therapy - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2689399

hormones MS multiple Sclerosis Estriol progesterone

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Jan 17 - No Cached
  • It is now well recognized that the disease manifestation is reduced in pregnant women with relapsing-remitting MS
  • This occurs particularly during the third trimester when levels of estrogens (estradiol and estriol) and progesterone (see Table 2) are elevated up to about 20 times
  • This seems well correlated with a decrease in active white matter lesions detected by MRI
  • ...12 more annotations...
  • This clinical improvement is however followed by temporary rebound exacerbations at post-partum, when the hormone levels decline
  • a shift from Th1 to Th2 immune response, expansion of suppressive regulatory T lymphocytes and decrease in the number of circulating CD16+ natural killer (NK)-cells
  • Th1 lymphocytes secrete proinflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-2, IFNgamma, lymphotoxin) while Th2 cells secrete anti-inflammatory cytokines (e.g. IL-4, IL-5, IL-10), which favor humoral-mediated responses
  • Th2 cytokines are associated with down-regulation of Th1 cytokines and this Th2 shift is believed to provide protection from allograft rejection during pregnancy as well as from Th1-mediated autoimmune disease
  • it is worth noting that the levels of other hormones with anti-inflammatory activity (1,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D3, norepinephrine, cortisol) also increase by 2 to 4 times during late pregnancy
  • 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 induces regulatory T-cell function important for development of self-tolerance
  • breast-feeding does not alter the relapse rate in women with MS
  • Leptin is a pleiotropic hormone produced primarily by adipocytes but also by T lymphocytes and neurons
  • Several lines of evidence indicate that leptin contributes to EAE/MS pathogenesis, influencing its onset and clinical severity, by acting as a proinflammatory cytokine which promotes regulatory T cell (Treg) anergy and hyporesponsiveness, resulting in increased Th1 (TNFalpha, INFgamma) and reduced Th2 (IL-4) cytokine production
  • circulating leptin levels are increased in relapsing-remitting MS patients (men and women analyzed together) while the CD4+CD25+Treg population decreases
  • As the leptin plasma concentrations are proportional to the amount of fat tissue, obese/overweight individuals produce higher levels of leptin
  • Nielsen et al found that estradiol and progesterone exert neuroprotection against glutamate neurotoxicity, while MPA antagonizes the neuroprotective effect of estradiol and exacerbated neuron death induced by glutamate excitotoxicity
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Jan 17
     
    very good review of the differences in MS and hormones between the sexes.
Nathan Goodyear

Branched Chain Amino Acid Supplementation for Patients with Cirrhosis | Clinical Correl... - 0 views

www.clinicalcorrelations.org/?p=3544

BCCA branched chain amino acids liver cirrhosis hepatitis amino acids

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • low level of BCAAs in patients with cirrhosis is hypothesized to be one of multiple factors responsible for development of hepatic encephalopathy
  • supplementation of BCAAs is thought to facilitate ammonia detoxification by supporting synthesis of glutamine, one of the non-branched chain amino acids, in skeletal muscle and in the brain as well as diminishing the influx of AAAs across the blood-brain barrier
  • oral BCAA supplementation is more useful in chronic encephalopathic patients than is parenteral BCAA supplementation in patients with acute encephalopathy
  • ...35 more annotations...
  • malnutrition progressing to cachexia is another common manifestation of cirrhosis
  • Malnutrition can be mitigated with BCAA supplementation
  • Studies show that administration of amino acid formulas enriched with BCAAs can reduce protein loss, support protein synthesis, and improve nutritional status of patients with chronic liver disease
  • Leucine has been shown to be the most effective of the BCAAs because it acts via multiple pathways to stimulate protein synthesis
  • BCAAs metabolites inhibit proteolysis
  • Patients with cirrhosis have both insulin deficiency and insulin resistance
  • BCAAs (particularly leucine) help to reverse the catabolic, hyperglucagonemic state of cirrhosis both by stimulating insulin release from the pancreatic β cells and by decreasing insulin resistance allowing for better glucose utilization
  • Coadministration of BCAAs and glucose has been found to be particularly useful
  • BCAA supplementation improves protein-energy malnutrition by improving utilization of glucose, thereby diminishing the drive for proteolysis, inhibiting protein breakdown, and stimulating protein synthesis
  • Cirrhotic patients have impaired immune defense, characterized by defective phagocytic activity and impaired intracellular killing activity
  • another effect of BCAA supplementation is improvement of phagocytic function of neutrophils and possibly improvement in natural killer T (NKT) cell lymphocyte activity
  • BCAA supplementation may reduce the risk of infection in patients with advanced cirrhosis not only through improvement in protein-energy malnutrition but also by directly improving the function of the immune cells themselves
  • BCAA administration has also been shown to have a positive effect on liver regeneration
  • A proposed mechanism for improved liver regeneration is the stimulatory effect of BCAAs (particularly leucine) on the secretion of hepatocyte growth factor by hepatic stellate cells
  • BCAAs activate rapamycin signaling pathways which promotes albumin synthesis in the liver as well as protein and glycogen synthesis in muscle tissue
  • Chemical improvement with BCAA treatment is demonstrated by recovery of serum albumin and lowering of serum bilirubin levels
  • long-term oral BCAA supplementation was useful in staving off malnutrition and improving survival by preventing end-stage fatal complications of cirrhosis such as hepatic failure and gastrointestinal bleeding
  • The incidence of death by any cause, development of liver cancer, rupture of esophageal varices, or progression to hepatic failure was decreased in the group that received BCAA supplementation
  • Patients receiving BCAA supplementation also have a lower average hospital admission rate, better nutritional status, and better liver function tests
  • patients taking BCAA supplementation report improved quality of life
  • BCAAs have been shown to mitigate hepatic encephalopathy, cachexia, and infection rates, complications associated with the progression of hepatic cirrhosis
  • BCAAs make up 20-25% of the protein content of most foods
  • Highest levels are found in casein whey protein of dairy products and vegetables, such as corn and mushrooms. Other sources include egg albumin, beans, peanuts and brown rice bran
  • In addition to BCAAs from diet, oral supplements of BCAAs can be used
  • Oral supplementation tends to provide a better hepatic supply of BCAAs for patients able to tolerate PO nutrition as compared with IV supplementation, especially when treating symptoms of hepatic encephalopathy
  • Coadministration of BCAAs with carnitine and zinc has also been shown to increase ammonia metabolism further reducing the encephalopathic symptoms
  • Cirrhotic patients benefit from eating frequent, small meals that prevent long fasts which place the patient in a catabolic state
  • the best time for BCAA supplementation is at bedtime to improve the catabolic state during starvation in early morning fasting
  • A late night nutritional snack reduces symptoms of weakness and fatigability, lowers postprandial hyperglycemia, increases skeletal muscle mass,[25] improves nitrogen balance, and increases serum albumin levels.[26] Nocturnal BCAAs even improve serum albumin in cirrhotic patients who show no improvement with daytime BCAAs
  • Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM), with low serum albumin and low muscle mass, occurs in 65-90% of cases of advanced cirrhosis
  • hyperglucagonemia results in a catabolic state eventually producing anorexia and cachexia
  • BCAAs are further depleted from the circulation due to increased uptake by skeletal muscles that use the BCAAs in the synthesis of glutamine, which is produced in order to clear the ammonia that is not cleared by the failing liver
  • patients with chronic liver disease, particularly cirrhosis, routinely have decreased BCAAs and increased aromatic amino acids (AAAs) in their circulation
  • Maintaining a higher serum albumin in patients with cirrhosis is associated with decreased mortality and improved quality of life
  • the serum BCAA concentration is strongly correlated with the serum albumin level
  • Nathan Goodyear on 05 Oct 15
     
    great review of cirrhosis and BCCA supplementation.
Nathan Goodyear

Natural killer cells: In health and disease - ScienceDirect - 0 views

www.sciencedirect.com/...S1658387614001083

NK cells NK disease health immune system

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 11 Oct 17 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 11 Oct 17
     
    Nice review of NK cells in health and then in states of disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Interleukin-2 enhances the response of natural killer cells to interleukin-12 through u... - 1 views

www.bloodjournal.org/...3183

IL-2 cancer NK cells IL-12

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Jun 18 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Jun 18
     
    low dose IL-2 induces increase NK cell activity.
Nathan Goodyear

Daily subcutaneous injection of low-dose interleukin 2 expands natural killer cells in ... - 0 views

clincancerres.aacrjournals.org/...669

NK cells IL-2

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 27 Aug 20 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 27 Aug 20
     
    Low dose IL-2 increases NK cell activity. This is critical in cancer fight.
Nathan Goodyear

Regulatory NK-Cell Functions in Inflammation and Autoimmunity - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...PMC2710290

NK natural killer inflammation autoimmune autoimmune disease autoimmunity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Feb 13
     
    good review on NK cell role in inflammation and autoimmune disease
Nathan Goodyear

NK cells in autoimmunity: a two-edg'd weapon o... [Autoimmun Rev. 2008] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...18486926

natural killer NK autoimmune autoimmune disease autoimmunity

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Feb 13 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Feb 13
     
    NK cells play role in autoimmune disease.
Nathan Goodyear

Effect of germanium, poly-trans-[2-carboxyethyl] germasesquioxane on natural killer (NK... - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...12237519

cancer germanium NK cells

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 30 May 18 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 30 May 18
     
    Germanium found to augment NK cell activity both normal dogs and dogs with adenocarcinoma.
Nathan Goodyear

[Post-operative suppression of natural killer activity] | Request PDF - 0 views

www.researchgate.net/...ion_of_natural_killer_activity

surgery NK cells cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 04 Jun 18 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 04 Jun 18
     
    Surgery found to decrease NK cell activity out to 14 days.
Nathan Goodyear

Effect of Maitake (Grifola frondosa) D-Fraction o... [J Med Food. 2003] - PubMed - NCBI - 0 views

www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/...14977447

maitake mushrooms cancer Grifola frondosa NK natural killer cells food

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 28 Apr 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 28 Apr 14
     
    Maitake mushroom slows cancer progress through stimulation of NK activity.
Nathan Goodyear

Scopus - Document details - 0 views

www.scopus.com/...display.url

cancer immune system NK cells NK natural killer cells innate

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 15 Jun 14 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 15 Jun 14
     
    Stress decreases the innate immune response.  This is critical in the battle against cancer.  Specifically, low NK activity is found in stress individuals with cancer.
Nathan Goodyear

Mistletoe viscotoxins increase natural killer cell‐mediated cytotoxicity - Ta... - 0 views

febs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/...j.1432-1033.2002.02932.x

cancer mistletoe NK NK cells

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Jul 18 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Jul 18
     
    Study finds that mistletoe augments NK activity not via an increase in NK numbers.
Nathan Goodyear

(PDF) Mistletoe Extract Reduces the Surgical Suppression of Natural Killer Cell Activit... - 0 views

www.researchgate.net/...s_A_Randomized_Phase_III_Trial

mistletoe NK NK cells cancer

shared by Nathan Goodyear on 08 Jul 18 - No Cached
  • Nathan Goodyear on 08 Jul 18
     
    Phase III study finds that IV mistletoe reversed operative NK suppressio pointed to the increase NK effect of mistletoe.
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