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BBC Nature - Woolly mammoth carcass may have been cut into by humans - 1 views

  • Woolly mammoth carcass
  • The discovery of a well-preserved juvenile woolly mammoth suggests that ancient humans "stole" mammoths from hunting lions, scientists say.
  • hints that humans may have taken over the kill at an early stage."
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  • By analysing the teeth and tusks, the team estimate Yuka was about two and a half years old when it died.
  • Teeth, tusks and bone are the most common ways extinct animals such as mammoths are studied
  • these parts of the body take a relatively long time to decompose.
  • Soft tissues such as muscle, skin and internal organs decompose far quicker, and are very rarely found on old carcasses. This means that vital information is usually lost.
  • much of Yuka's soft tissue as well as its woolly coat has remained intact
  • Yuka provides direct evidence that mammoths did have lighter-coloured coats.
  • possibility of mammoths having lighter coat colours was proposed in 2006 after scientists studied the genes extracted solely from a mammoth bone.
  • One of the most striking things about Yuka is its strawberry-blonde hair,
  • Healed scratches found on the skin indicate a lion attack that Yuka survived earlier in its relatively short life
  • lions in question (Panthera leo spelea) are an extinct subspecies of the African lion, known commonly as Eurasian cave lions but were present at the same time as the mammoths.
  • Did we know lions hunted mammoths? Well, we guessed they did. But could we ever have expected to see such graphic evidence? No - but here it is,"
  • skull, spine, ribs and pelvis were all removed from Yuka's body
  • skull and pelvis were found nearby
  • most of the spine and three-quarters of the ribs are missing.
  • scalloped mark on the skin is made up by 15-30 small, serrations that "could be the saw-like motion of a human tool
  • Were humans using the lions to catch mammoths and then moving the lions off their kill
  • wouldn't have thought about it without seeing it [the evidence]."
  • Woolly Mammoth: Secrets from the Ice is on BBC Two at 21:00 BST on Wednesday 4 April and will be shown on the Discovery Channel in the US at a future date.
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    Perigrine Falcon
Mars Base

Well-preserved strawberry-blond mammoth discovered in Siberia | Fox News - 0 views

  • juvenile mammoth, nicknamed "Yuka,"
  • found entombed in Siberian ice near the shores of the Arctic Ocean and shows signs of being cut open by ancient people.
  • remarkably well preserved frozen carcass
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  • part of a BBC/Discovery Channel-funded expedition and is believed to be at least 10,000 years old, if not older
  • If further study confirms the preliminary findings, it would be the first mammoth carcass revealing signs of human interaction in the region.
  • in such good shape that much of its flesh is still intact, retaining its pink color. The blonde-red hue of Yuka's woolly coat also remains.
  • first relatively complete mammoth carcass -- that is, a body with soft tissues preserved -- to show evidence of human association
  • carbon dating is still in the works, the researchers believe Yuka died at least 10,000 years ago, but may be much older
  • The animal was about 2 ½ years old when it died.
  • appears that Yuka was pursued by one or more lions or another large field, judging from deep, unhealed scratches in the hide and bite marks on the tail
  • Yuka then apparently fell, breaking one of the lower hind legs
  • humans may have moved in to control the carcass, butchering much of the animal and removing parts that they would use immediately.
  • may, in fact, have reburied the rest of the carcass to keep it in reserve for possible later use
  • removed parts include most of the main core mass of Yuka's body, including organs, vertebrae, ribs, associated musculature, and some of the meat from upper parts of the legs
  • Kevin Campbell of the University of Manitoba also studied Yuka
  • Campbell famously published the genetic code of mammoth hemoglobin a few years ago
  • Most permafrost-preserved mammoth specimens consist solely of bones or bone fragments that currently provide little new insight into the species' biology in life
  • This extremely rare finding of a near complete specimen, like the discovery of the baby mammoth Lyuba in 2007, will be a boon to researchers as it will help them link observed phenotypes (morphological features that we can see) with genotype (DNA sequences)."
  • Such information could help reveal whether or not mammoths had all of the same hair colors that humans do
  • An intriguing and controversial application would be to bring a mammoth back to life via cloning.
  • producer and director of a forthcoming BBC/Discovery Channel show called "Woolly Mammoth"
  • told Discovery News that cloning a mammoth could take years or even decades.
Mars Base

Demo of mind-controlled exoskeleton planned for World Cup - 0 views

  • The World Cup opening ceremony
  • June 12
  • a standout for athletes and their fans but yet another eye-opener may make the Sao Paulo stadium opener long remembered globally
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  • a mind-controlled exoskeleton designed to enable a paralyzed person to walk is to make its debut.
  • BBC report provided the latest developments in the robotic suit. "If all goes as planned," wrote Alejandra Martins, "the robotic suit will spring to life in front of almost 70,000 spectators and a global audience of billions of people."
  • The exoskeleton was developed by an international team of scientists, part of the Walk Again Project, and described by the BBC report as a "culmination" of over 10 years of work
  • The goal is to show the brain-controlled exoskeleton during the opening ceremony of the 2014 FIFA World Cup.
  • The (DiVE) website talks about the day when "the first ceremonial kick in the World Cup game may be made "by a paralyzed teenager, who, flanked by the two contending soccer teams, will saunter onto the pitch clad in a robotic body suit."
  • According to the BBC, since November, Nicolelis has been training eight patients at a lab in Sao Paulo, amidst "media speculation that one of them will stand up from his or her wheelchair and deliver the first kick of this year's World Cup.")
  • the exoskeleton is being controlled by brain activity and it is relaying feedback signals to the patient.
  • The patient wears a cap which picks up brain signals and relays them to a computer in the backpack, decoding the signals and sending them to the legs.
  • A battery in the backpack allows for around two hours' use. The robotic suit is powered by hydraulics.
  • Many different companies helped to build the skeleton's components
  • they used a lot of 3-D printing technology for purposes of both speed and achieving strong but light materials, along with using standard aluminum parts
  • "When the foot of the exoskeleton touches the ground there is pressure, so the sensor senses the pressure and before the foot touches the ground we are also doing pre-contact sensing. It's a new way of doing skin sensing for robots," Cheng
  • Dr Gordon Cheng, at the Technical University of Munich
  • Duke University in November announced that in a study led by Duke researchers, monkeys learned to control the movement of both arms on an avatar using just their brain activity.
Mars Base

Scientists About to Find The Force - 0 views

  • CERN scientists may have already found evidence of the existence of the elusive Higgs boson
  • scientist from the Cern particle physics laboratory has told the BBC he expects to see "the first glimpse" of the Higgs boson next week
  • Tuesday, when two Large Hadron Collider teams would reveal the results of their research, highlighting ten candidates that show evidence of Higgs
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  • Those ten candidates were found from the remains of about 350 trillion collisions using the ATLAS and CMS detectors.
  • Higgs field that is everywhere
  • The elusive Higgs particle would be the carrier of that field, interacting with all the other particles
  • The Higgs boson is a pivotal part of the standard model of particle physics
  • one of the main reasons of why the Large Hadron Collider was built
  • we've been living with Higgs theory now for almost 50 years
  • Tuesday's data will not be confirmed until they are able to produce repeated evidence in future experiments
  • expect this to happen around next summer
Chris Fisher

47 year old television signals bouncing back to Earth - 0 views

  • "I realised the signal was in the VHF Band and slap bang in the middle of 41-68 MHz. It was obviously old terrestrial television broadcasts, but they seemed to be originating from deep space.
  • "They are signals that left the Earth about 50 years ago and have bounced off an object or more likely a field of objects some 25 light years away".
  • Radio signals travel at approximately 300,000 kilometers per second.
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  • we asked NASA if they could point Hubble at the centre of what we've named the 'Bounce Anomaly'. NASA were very keen to help once they had seen our data."
  • However the $3 billion space telescope was unable to produce any clues as to what the signals are bouncing off. One theory is a massive cloud of asteroids is acting like a mirror in space reflecting radio signals from our past, back to us.
  • "We now know these are original broadcasts. So far we have recovered about 7 weeks of old television signals from space. Every day in our lab is like traveling back in time. And speaking of which we have just started the digital recovery of signals that contain lost Doctor Who episodes.
Mars Base

Mmmmm? Scientists Make Bread Last 60 Days | Popular Science - 0 views

  • Using microwave technology, one company says it can make bread last for two months, thus cutting down on food waste
  • spinoff company claims it can preserve at least some of our food for longer, by zapping it with microwaves
  • Nuked bread can last up to 60 days, according to the company
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  • The equipment, which looks like a CT scanner for food, was originally developed to kill organisms like multi-resistant staph bacteria and salmonella
  • developers realized it also kills bread mold in about a 10-second zap. It works much like a home microwave, but the waves are produced in various frequencies, which allows for uniform heating
  • technology could also preserve fresh food like poultry, produce and more
Mars Base

600-year-old linen bras found in Austrian castle - 0 views

  • The bra is commonly thought to be little more than 100 years old as corseted women abandoned rigid fashions and opted for the more natural look
  • timeline is about to be revised with the discovery of four brassieres from the Middle Ages in a debris-filled vault of an Austrian castle
  • formally announced Wednesday July 18, 2012
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  • archeologists found four linen bras dating from the Middle Ages in an Austrian castle
  • find as surprising because the bra had commonly been thought to be only little more than 100 years old as women abandoned the tight corset.
  • One specimen in particular "looks exactly like a (modern) brassiere
  • unearthed in 2008, they did not make news until now
  • carbon dating them to make sure they were genuine took some time
  • delivered a lecture on them last year but the information stayed within academic circles until a recent article in the BBC History Magazine.
  • the four bras were among more than 2,700 textile fragments
  • found intermixed with dirt, wood, straw and pieces of leather
  • intricately decorated with lace and other ornamentation
  • Women started experimenting with bra-like garments in the late 1800s and the first modern brassiere was patented in the early 19th century
Mars Base

February 1 - Today in Science History - Scientists born on February 1st, died, and events - 0 views

  • Bell Rock Lighthouse
  • the Bell Rock Lighthouse was lit for the first time. Using 24 lanterns, it began flashing its warning light, 11 miles out off the east coast of Scotland atop a white stone tower rising over 30m (100ft) high. It was built by Robert Stevenson on a treacherous sandstone reef, which, except at low tides, lies submerged just beneath the waves. Since then, no repair has been necessary to its stonework. It is the oldest sea-washed lighthouse in existence. It was Stevenson's finest achievement, regarded by many as the finest lighthouse ever built, the most outstanding engineering achievement of the 19th century. In the centuries before, the dangerous Bell Rock had claimed thousands of lives, as vessels were wrecked on its razor-sharp serrated rocks.
Mars Base

March 28 - Today in Science History - Scientists born on March 28th, died, and events - 0 views

  • Hoyle coined “Big Bang”
  • In 1949, Fred Hoyle unintentionally coined the term “Big Bang” as a household name, in a scripted radio broadcast on the BBC Third Programme. His talk was printed in the The Listener (7 Apr 1949). He compared his own belief in a “steady state” universe, saying, “earlier theories … were based on the hypothesis that all the matter in the universe was created in one big bang at a particular time in the remote past.” He repeated its use in a 1950 broadcast published in The Listener (9 Mar 1950): “One [idea] was that the Universe started its life a finite time ago in a single huge explosion… This big bang idea seemed to me to be unsatisfactory.” His critics found the “big bang” term pejorative, yet Hoyle has said his intention was to make a vivid description for the radio audience. The term stuck
Mars Base

May 12 - Today in Science History - Scientists born on May 12th, died, and events - 0 views

  • In 2004, the discovery of what was believed to be the world's oldest seat of learning, the Library of Alexandria, was announced by Zahi Hawass, president of Egypt's Supreme Council of Antiquities during a conference at the University of California. A Polish-Egyptian team had uncovered 13 lecture halls featuring an elevated podium for the lecturer. Such a complex of lecture halls had never before been found on any Mediterranean Greco-Roman site. Alexandria may be regarded as the birthplace of western science, where Euclid discovered the rules of geometry, Eratosthenes measured the diameter of the Earth and Ptolemy wrote the Almagest, the most influential scientific book about the nature of the Universe for 1,500 years
  • Oldest university unearthed
  • In 1936, the Dvorak typewriter keyboard was patented in the U.S. by Dvorak and Dealey (Patent No. 2,040,248). The efficiency experts August Dvorak (a cousin of the composer) and William Dealey studied the typewriter to determine that they could arrange the keys in a new way which would speed up the operators of the typewriter. They designed a keyboard to maximize efficiency by placing common letters on the home row, and make the stronger fingers of the hands do most of the work. By contrast, the original QWERTY layout was designed for the earlier, less efficient typewriters. Previously, speed would result in two type bars hitting each other in their travel, so the original keyboard was laid out to reduce collisions
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  • Dvorak keyboard
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