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What is the sustainability of solar energy? - Yahoo! Answers - 2 views

answers.yahoo.com/...index solar energy yahoo answers sustainable
shared by dextereli99 on 11 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • The will burn for billions of years, it won't run out any time soon. This is sustainable because it will not deplete in the near future. The harder question is if the materials that go into a solar cell are sustainable. They use primarily silicon, which is one of the most abundant materials on earth. But they can also use other things, like metals (copper, silver, gold), and some toxic chemicals (arsenic, cadmium) etc. The sustainability of these materials is questionable. These materials are recyclable, and it is thought 99% of a solar cell can be recycled. But the production of them does has some toxic site affects, which means we have to balance the 'clean' energy production of the cells with the bad by products of their manufacturing process.
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Tidal Power - Generating electricity from tidal currents - 1 views

www.alternative-energy-news.info/...tidal-power tide energy
shared by rascoekat00 on 11 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Tidal energy is produced through the use of tidal energy generators. These large underwater turbines are placed in areas with high tidal movements, and are designed to capture the kinetic motion of the ebbing and surging of ocean tides in order to produce electricity. Tidal power has great potential for future power and electricity generation because of the massive size of the oceans. These articles explore the potential energy of tidal power technologies.
  • We can use slow moving ocean and river waves for a new, reliable and affordable alternative energy source. A University of Michigan engineer has developed a device that acts like a fish that turns the potentially destructive vibrations in water into clean, renewable energy.
  • It will generate one of the most environmentally-friendly forms of energy - it makes no noise
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • "But if we could harness 0.1 percent of the energy in the ocean, we could support the energy needs of 15 billion people
  • Tidal energy is produced through the use of tidal energy generators. These large underwater turbines are placed in areas with high tidal movements
  • Xin Wang on 11 Mar 13
     
    This is how tidal energy is converted into useful form of power. 
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Directory:Cents Per Kilowatt-Hour - PESWiki - 0 views

peswiki.com/...ectory:Cents_Per_Kilowatt-Hour fossil fuels cost
shared by mchughkon99 on 22 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • GasCurrently supplies around 15% of the global electricity demand. 3.9 - 4.4 Cents/kW-h Gas-fired plants and generally quicker and less expensive to build than coal or nuclear, but a relatively high percentage of the cost/KWh is derived from the cost of the fuel. Due to the current (and projected future) upwards trend in gas prices, there is uncertainty around the cost / KWh over the lifetime of plants. Gas burns more cleanly than coal, but the gas itself (largely methane) is a potent greenhouse gas. Some energy conversions to calculate your cost of natural gas per kwh. 100 cubic feet (CCF)~ 1 Therm = 100,000 btu ~ 29.3 kwh. CoalCurrently supplies around 38% of the global electricity demand. 4.8 - 5.5 Cents/kW-h Increasingly difficult to build new coal plants in the developed world, due to environmental requirements governing the plants. Growing concern about coal fired plants in the developing world (China, for instance, imposes less environmental overhead, and has large supplies of high sulphur content coal). The supply of coal is plentiful, but the coal generation method is perceived to make a larger contribution to air pollution than the rest of the methods combined. NuclearCurrently supplies around 24% of the global electricity demand. 11.1 - 14.5 Cents/kW-h Political difficulties in using nuclear in some nations. Risk of widespread (and potentially lethal) contamination upon containment failure. Fuel is plentiful, but problematic. Waste disposal remains a significant problem, and de-commissioning is costly (averaging approximately US $320MM per plant in the US).
  • mchughkon99 on 22 Mar 13
     
    cost for fossil fuels
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Tidal Power - Costs - Pros & Cons - How it Works - Green Energy - 0 views

clean-future.com/...tidal-power tide form convert
shared by dpurdy on 06 Apr 13 - No Cached
  • Tidal power is a predictable source of energy unlike that of wind power and solar power because the tides follow the gravitational pull of the moon. The general production of tidal energy is similar to other forms of hydroelectric power where the force of water flow spins a turbine which generates energy.
  • he tidal stream generator uses the kinetic energy of the flowing tide to spin windmill like turbines. It is also often referred to as a tidal energy converter (TEC).
  • Tidal power is the production of electricity by the utilization of tidal energy.
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Ocean Wave Energy Power Technology - History - 0 views

clean-future.com/...wave-power
shared by westkea00 on 06 Apr 13 - No Cached
  • Currently, numerous wave power plants (so called wave farms) have been implemented throughout the world. Many different organizations have designed various wave power systems that differ in size, cost, and effectiveness. A wave farm is a collection of wave power systems in order to create mass quantities of power. One example of a wave power plant is the Aguçadoura Wave Farm in Portugal from Pelamis Wave Power Ltd. It is the first wave farm ever established and produces 2.25 megawatts of power. It was completed in 2008. Other wave farms, with other companies involved, have been proposed.
  • In contrast to tidal power, ocean wave energy plants do not make use of the energy difference between high tide and low tide, but generating energy from continuous wave motion. So, wave energy generation is the conversion of the forces from the motion of waves into usable energy.
  • Wave energy is considered a form of hydropower, although it is the wind blowing over the surface of the ocean causing waves. So in many ways, wave energy is also wind energy - with all the pros and cons.
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • Wave energy is about using the energy of ocean waves for producing electrical current. It is a renewable energy resource and often confused with Tidal Power.
  • Wave power generation has been tested over the past century as an alternative energy source to fossil fuels to create electrical power, sea water desalinization, and reservoir pumping. Unfortunately, despite of all examinations and tests, the price for generating energy from ocean waves is still about twice as high as that of wind energy. Companies involved in wave energy generation hope to be able to cut 50% of the costs within the next couple of years.
  • During the 1970's gasoline crisis, wave power was pushed in order to be a good long term energy solution. Later, the energy crisis was resolved yet the leaps and bounds made in the innovation of wave power remained. Though there were not many wave power plants actually implemented, it has proven to be a benefit to modern resolutions with current power crises. Fuel prices are rising exponentially and the greenhouse effect is having potentially disastrous effects on the environment. There has never been more need for alternatives to fossil generated energy.
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Wave & Tidal Energy Technology | Renewable Northwest Project - 0 views

www.rnp.org/...wave-tidal-energy-technology wave current
shared by sopranodan99 on 22 Oct 12 - No Cached
  • Potential
  • Wave energy resources are best between 30º and 60º latitude in both hemispheres, and the potential tends to be the greatest on western coasts
  • While no commercial wave or tidal projects have yet been developed in the United States, several projects are planned for the near future, including projects in the Northwest
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • ‘Pelamis’ wave energy conversion devices and generates a combined 2.25 MW of electricity. OPD plans to expand the facility to produce 22.5 MW in 2007
  • The United States receives 2,100 terawatt-hours of incident wave energy along its coastlines each year, and tapping just one quarter of this potential could produce as much energy as the entire U.S. hydropower system.
  • Total Annual U.S. Incident Wave Energy 2,110 terrawatt-hours
  • The United States receives 2,100 terawatt-hours of incident wave energy along its coastlines each year, and tapping just one quarter of this potential could produce as much energy as the entire U.S. hydropower system
  • In addition to its abundant solar, wind and geothermal resources, the Pacific Northwest is also uniquely situated to capture the renewable energy of the ocean. Special buoys, turbines, and other technologies can capture the power of waves and tides and convert it into clean, pollution-free electricity. Like other renewable resources, both wave and tidal energy are variable in nature. Waves are produced by winds blowing across the surface of the ocean. However, because waves travel across the ocean, their arrival time at the wave power facility may be more predictable than wind. In contrast, tidal energy, which is driven by the gravitational pull of the moon and sun, is predictable centuries in advance.
  • The United States receives 2,100 terawatt-hours of incident wave energy along its coastlines each year, and tapping just one quarter of this potential could produce as much energy as the entire U.S. hydropower system
  • The Unit
  • mchughkon99 on 15 Mar 13
     
    the amount of 1/4 of energy around the coasts could be equal to the amount energy produced by hydropower
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Group items tagged pollution - qmstech2 | Diigo Groups - 0 views

groups.diigo.com/...pollution location mrpurdy
shared by filionmar99 on 22 Oct 12 - No Cached
    • filionmar99
      filionmar99 on 22 Oct 12
       
      read this
  • The major challenge to using wind as a source of power is that it is intermittent and does not always blow when electricity is needed. Wind cannot be stored (although wind-generated electricity can be stored, if batteries are used), and not all winds can be harnessed to meet the timing of electricity demands. Further, good wind sites are often located in remote locations far from areas of electric power demand (such as cities).
  • Although wind power plants have relatively little impact on the environment compared to fossil fuel power plants, there is some concern over the noise produced by the rotor blades, aesthetic (visual) impacts, and birds and bats having been killed (avian/bat mortality) by flying into the rotors. Most of these problems have been resolved or greatly reduced through technological development or by properly siting wind plants.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • A Renewable Non-Polluting Resource Wind energy is a free, renewable resource, so no matter how much is used today, there will still be the same supply in the future. Wind energy is also a source of clean, non-polluting, electricity. Unlike conventional power plants, wind plants emit no air pollutants or greenhouse gases. According to the U.S. Department of Energy, in 1990, California's wind power plants offset the emission of more than 2.5 billion pounds of carbon dioxide, and 15 million pounds of other pollutants that would have otherwise been produced. It would take a forest of 90 million to 175 million trees to provide the same air quality.
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Biofuels | BP - 0 views

www.bp.com/sectiongenericarticle800.do future change
shared by handste99 on 22 Oct 12 - No Cached
  • Biofuels
  • We are working to produce biofuels that are low cost, low carbon, sustainable and able to fulfil the world’s transportation fuel needs on a large scale without compromising food production
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Tidal power - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/Tidal_power tide sustainable
shared by rodriguezjos99 on 22 Oct 12 - Cached
  • The world's first large-scale tidal power plant (the Rance Tidal Power Station) became operational in 1966.
    • dpurdy
      dpurdy on 20 Mar 13
       
      This is a barrage system. Old tech.
  • Tidal power, also called tidal energy, is a form of hydropower that converts the energy of tides into useful forms of power - mainly electricity.
  • Tidal power is extracted from the Earth's oceanic tides; tidal forces are periodic variations in gravitational attraction exerted by celestial bodies
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • Tidal power is the only technology that draws on energy inherent in the orbital characteristics of the Earth–Moon system, and to a lesser extent in the Earth–Sun system.
  • A tidal generator converts the energy of tidal flows into electricity. Greater tidal variation and higher tidal current velocities can dramatically increase the potential of a site for tidal electricity generation
  • adamsaub98 on 12 Mar 13
     
    "tidal power has potential for future electricity generation. Tides are more predictable than wind energy and solar power."
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BBC NEWS | Technology | Wave farms show energy potential - 1 views

news.bbc.co.uk/...6410839.stm wave future change current
shared by logansar99 on 24 Oct 12 - Cached
  • Ocean waves carry tremendous power, and could, in theory at least, provide much of the world's electricity.
  • "What gives us tremendous hope with this technology is that our opening costs are substantially below where wind power started 20, 25 years ago."
  • Wind power has reduced its cost by 80% since, as the technology has been deployed and optimised, he says.
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • Ms Pontes says wave energy could someday supply 20% of Portugal's power.
  • "That's equal to about six-and-a-half percent of our total capacity in the United States, equal to all the dams that we have in the US right now."
  • The European Union has proposed a commitment to generate 20% of its energy from renewable sources by the year 2020.
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EERE News: DOE Reports Show Major Potential for Wave and Tidal Energy Production Near U... - 0 views

apps1.eere.energy.gov/...pa_id=664 wave potential
shared by logansar99 on 24 Oct 12 - No Cached
  • The United States uses about 4,000 terawatt hours (TWh) of electricity per year. DOE estimates that the maximum theoretical electric generation that could be produced from waves and tidal currents is approximately 1,420 TWh per year, approximately one-third of the nation's total annual electricity usage.
  • calculate the maximum kinetic energy available from waves and tides off U.S. coasts that could be used for future energy production, and which represent largely untapped opportunities for renewable energy development in the United States.
  • The West Coast, including Alaska and Hawaii, has especially high potential for wave energy development, while significant opportunities for wave energy also exist along the East Coast. Additionally, parts of both the West and East Coasts have strong tides that could be tapped to produce energy.
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Succeeding in the 21st Century -- Skills and Abilities for the Future TCA paper - 0 views

www.coedu.usf.edu/...tca_paper.htm all
shared by dpurdy on 24 Oct 12 - No Cached
  • The exchange of thoughts and ideas by speech or writing
  • Cooperative effort within a group in order to achieve a desired goal
  • To give rise to imaginative or artistic abilities as well as the ability to find novel solutions to problems
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • Training or control over one's conduct for personal improvement as well as the ability to forgo immediate pleasure for long term goals
  • The ability to discern factual from opinionated information
  • The effective use of grammatical rules and guidelines in order to express one's ideas in correct form
  • bility to use computer technology effectively, including word-processing and spreadsheets
  • The ability to use the defined principles of logic and effectively engage in abstract thinking to achieve mastery or understanding
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HowStuffWorks "How Fuel Cells Work" - 1 views

auto.howstuffworks.com/...fuel-cell1.htm hydrogen future potential uses history
shared by dpurdy on 26 Oct 12 - Cached
  • The fuel cell will compete with many other energy­ conversion devices, including the gas turbine in your city's power plant, the gasoline engine in your car and the battery in your laptop. Combustion engines like the turbine and the gasoline engine burn fuels and use the pressure created by the expansion of the gases to do mechanical work. Batteries convert chemical energy back into electrical energy when needed. Fuel cells should do both tasks more efficiently.
  • Sir William Grove invented the first fuel cell in 1839. Grove knew that water could be split into hydrogen and oxygen by sending an electric current through it (a process called electrolysis). He hypothesized that by reversing the procedure you could produce electricity and water. He created a primitive fuel cell and called it a gas voltaic battery. After experimenting with his new invention, Grove proved his hypothesis. Fifty years later, scientists Ludwig Mond and Charles Langer coined the term fuel cell while attempting to build a practical model to produce electricity.
  • carrowluk99 on 26 Oct 12
     
    " Combustion engines like the turbine and the gasoline engine burn fuels and use the pressure created by the expansion of the gases to do mechanical work. Batteries convert chemical energy back into electrical energy when needed. Fuel cells should do both tasks more efficiently."
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Biodiesel Fuel Uses - 0 views

www.ultimate-biodiesel-guide.com/biodiesel-fuel-uses.html biofuel uses potential future
shared by smithjul98 on 13 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • There already many biodiesel fuel uses, and as technology continues to develop, so do the opportunities to replace traditional fossil fuels with this viable alternative.
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http://www.hydrogen.energy.gov/pdfs/doe_h2_fuelcell_factsheet.pdf - 3 views

www.hydrogen.energy.gov/...doe_h2_fuelcell_factsheet.pdf hydrogen potential future how
shared by efana1 on 13 Mar 12 - No Cached
    • efana1
      efana1 on 15 Mar 12
       
      Good overview of the potential uses
  • daleymax98 on 13 Mar 12
     
    Facts about Hydrogen Fuel Cells
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Global Biofuel Production Forecast 2015-2020 | Market Research Media - 0 views

www.marketresearchmedia.com/...biofuel-market biofuel future
shared by bureaumar98 on 15 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • The past decade has seen soaring oil prices, Middle East turmoil, government biofuel incentives, cleantech venture investments and maturing technologies, all these factors contributing to the critical mass necessary to launch the biofuel market, once and forever.
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