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dpurdy

History of Biofuels - BioFuel Information - 1 views

biofuel.org.uk/history-of-biofuels.html

biofuel history

shared by dpurdy on 13 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Biofuels in the solid form has been in use ever since man discovered fire.
  • Wood was the first form of biofuel that was used even by the ancient people for cooking and heating
  • This form of fuel was discovered even before the discovery of the fossil fuels, but with the exploration of the fossil fuel like gas, coal, and oil the production and use of biofuel suffered a severe impact.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • One of the first inventors to convince the people of the use of ethanol was a German named Nikolaus August Otto. Rudolf Diesel is the German inventor of the diesel engine. He designed his diesel engine to run in peanut oil and later Henry Ford designed the Model T car which was produced from 1903 to 1926. This car was completely designed to use hemp derived biofuel as fuel
  • n the period of World War II, the high demand of biofuels was due to the increased use as an alternative for imported fuel. In this period, Germany was one of the countries that underwent a serious shortage of fuel. It was during this period that various other inventions took place like the use of gasoline along with alcohol that was derived from potatoes. Britain was the second country which came up with the concept of grain alcohol mixed with petrol
dpurdy

The Future of Biofuels: A Global Perspective - Amber Waves-November 2007 - 2 views

www.ers.usda.gov/...Biofuels.htm

biofuels Biomass

shared by dpurdy on 19 Mar 12 - Cached
  • Increased biofuel demand has contributed to higher world food and feed prices.
  • Global biofuel production has tripled from 4.8 billion gallons in 2000 to about 16.0 billion in 2007, but still accounts for less than 3 percent of the global transportation fuel supply.
  • Cellulosic ethanol could raise per acre ethanol yields to more than 1,000 gallons, significantly reducing land requirements. Cellulosic ethanol is made by breaking down the tough cellular material that gives plants rigidity and structure and converting the resulting sugar into ethanol. Cellulose is the world’s most widely available biological material, present in such low-value materials as wood chips and wood waste, fast-growing grasses, crop residues like corn stover, and municipal waste.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • A key interest in developing or expanding biofuel production and use is the environmental benefits, including the potential to reduce emissions, such as greenhouse gases (GHG). An estimated 25 percent of manmade global carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, a leading GHG, comes from road transport.
  • Biofuels are theoretically carbon neutral, releasing CO2 recently absorbed from the atmosphere by the crops used to produce them.
  • dpurdy on 19 Mar 12
     
    Future costs and issue with biofuels.
olearydev99

Hydrogen Fuel - 0 views

www.fueleconomy.gov/...hydrogen.shtml

fuel cell cost

shared by olearydev99 on 19 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • Fuel Cost & Availability. Hydrogen is currently expensive to produce and is only available at a handful of locations, mostly in California. Vehicle Cost & Availability. Fuel cell vehicles are currently far too expensive for most consumers to afford, and they are only available to a few demonstration fleets.
  • olearydev99 on 13 Mar 13
     
    "It is an environmentally friendly fuel that has the potential to dramatically reduce our dependence on imported oil, but several significant challenges must be overcome before it can be widely used."
bolendev99

NREL: Learning - Solar Photovoltaic Technology Basics - 1 views

www.nrel.gov/...re_photovoltaics.html

solar history

shared by bolendev99 on 03 Nov 11 - Cached
  • The PV effect was discovered in 1954, when scientists at Bell Telephone discovered that silicon (an element found in sand) created an electric charge when exposed to sunlight.
  • bolendev99 on 08 Mar 13
     
    "The PV effect was discovered in 1954, when scientists at Bell Telephone discovered that silicon (an element found in sand) created an electric charge when exposed to sunlight. Soon solar cells were being used to power space satellites and smaller items like calculators and watches. Today, thousands of people power their homes and businesses with individual solar PV systems. Utility companies are also using PV technology for large power stations. "
dpurdy

Enhanced geothermal energy - 0 views

nextbigfuture.com/...nhanced-geothermal-energy.html

geothermal potential future current

shared by dpurdy on 07 Nov 11 - Cached
  • Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS), also sometimes called engineered geothermal systems, offer great potential for more than 100 GW of geothermal power which 40 times more than present geothermal power.
  • ultimately geothermal global resources amount to 50,000 times the energy of all oil and gas resources in the world.
  • Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) – Often categorized under the antiquated term‘Hot Dry Rock,’ EGS is thought by several experts to refer to any resource that requires artificial stimulation. This includes resources that have to be fully engineered, or ones that produce hydrothermal fluid, but sub-commercially. Regarding the latter, one expert states that, ‘As we go further, there might be projects that require more and more stimulation.’ Although EGS technology is still young and many aspects remain unproven, several projects are currently underway. If EGS technology proves commercially successful, it is expected to allow significantly increased extension of and production from existing fields, as well as utilization of geothermal energy in previously implausible locations.
  • anonymous on 05 Oct 13
     
    today hindi news,today news talmi,hindi news www.killdo.de.gg
dylan purner

Global photovoltaic installations to grow 23% year-on-year - The Times of India - 0 views

timesofindia.indiatimes.com/...22518237.cms

installations photovoltaic solar

shared by dylan purner on 20 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Over 19,000 MW of non-residential PV project applications have been approved under its FiT scheme as of the end of May.
  • Over 19,000 MW of non-residential PV project applications have been approved under its FiT scheme as of the end of May.
  • With a 2013 forecast of 8.5 GW and 7 GW respectively, China and Japan are on pace to be the top installers this year. PV installations in the United States continue to grow and are forecasted to reach approximately 4.5 GW in 2013. Other major markets forecasted in 2013 are Germany at 4 GW, Italy at 2 GW, UK at 1.5 GW and India at 1 GW.
westkea00

Voith | Wave power plants - 0 views

www.voith.com/...wave-power-plants-590.html

shared by westkea00 on 25 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • With this technology, sea water turbines do not come into contact with water
  • Instead, a column of air is set in motion which drives the machines. In detail, this works in the following manner: The waves spill into a hollow container which is open to the sea. This compresses and calms the air column in a so-called collector in a similar way to how an air pump works. The power plant "breathes" in and out. The pressure difference is then turned into rotary energy in a so-called Wells turbine (named after its inventor). This is in turn passed to a generator where electricity is produced. This means that the turbine has the air periodically flow through it from both sides, depending on whether the device is "breathing" in or out. Because of the special rotor geometry, there is no need to either periodically change the blade angles or the direction of rotation. If you consider the fact that an average of some 3 million waves break on to the coast every year, it is clear that only this simple turbine design can offer maximum reliability.
brownale99

How much more expensive is solar energy than fossil fuels - 0 views

wiki.answers.com/...solar_energy_than_fossil_fuels

geothermal cost

shared by brownale99 on 13 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • brownale99 on 13 Mar 13
     
    "Fossil fuel power stations typically cost about $2.1 dollars per watt to build solar stations around $7 at present. The efficiency is increasing and costs are falling. This of course does not represent the cost to the consumer. In addition it does not take into account all the various other costs and the advantages and disadvantages of each. Fuel (fossil stations), poor sunlight (solar stations). Maintenance costs are similar for single plants but solar stations do not have the capacity of fossil fuel stations."
dittrichcai99

History Of Geothermal Energy - 0 views

www.clean-energy-ideas.com/...tory_of_geothermal_energy.html

geothermal

shared by dittrichcai99 on 14 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • dittrichcai99 on 14 Mar 13
     
    "The history of geothermal power can be traced back to over 10,000 years ago to the American Paleo-Indians at their settlement in hot springs. This history has been uncovered through the use of archeology and shows the Indians used the hot springs for activities including, bathing and heating. It is also believed the springs were seen as a healing source."
glinbizzivic98

Pros and Cons of Geothermal Energy - 0 views

www.energy-consumers-edge.com/cons_of_geothermal_energy.html

geothermal cost

shared by glinbizzivic98 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • glinbizzivic98 on 12 Mar 13
     
    "You can drill a hole just about anywhere to get this abundant, high temperature geothermal energy, but the hole would be miles deep, and dry. It is possible to use that heat resource, but terribly expensive, and drilling is just the beginning of the expensive engineering problems of utilizing extremely deep geothermal energy resources."
adamsaub98

ELI: Energy: Support Materials: Tidal Energy - 0 views

www.ei.lehigh.edu/...tidal4.html

history

shared by adamsaub98 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • People have harnessed the tides and used its energy for many centuries. Tide mills—which are the precursors to today’s tidal power plants— have great similarity to water wheels. The difference is that water must first be collected from the incoming tide before it can be released to rotate the water wheel.
  • he oldest, excavated tide mill is dated to the year 619.
maillecat98

Wave power - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/Wave_power

form

shared by maillecat98 on 12 Mar 13 - Cached
  • maillecat98 on 12 Mar 13
     
    "Wave energy is the transport of energy by ocean surface waves, and the capture of that energy to do useful work - for example, electricity generation, water desalination, or the pumping of water (into reservoirs). Machinery able to exploit wave power is generally known as a wave energy converter (WEC)."
butlerlex99

Solar Homes and Solar Collectors - 0 views

jc-solarhomes.com/index.html

solar solar power facts

shared by butlerlex99 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  •    Solar energy is our birthright like the air we breathe or the water we drink. Solar Home Plans and  cost effective   Solar Hot Water Projects  are the gateway into a "Solar Age"  of energy independence. Fossil fuels are no longer necessary to keep the wheels of civilization turning. Build your own solar heating system.  Explore the Strawberry Fields Book Store  for more information. Alternative energies like solar energy will increase in value as fossil fuel prices escalate making energy efficient,  solar houses more valuable. Solar collectors, solar hot water systems, heat storage vaults, photovoltaic electricity, solar panels, and solar greenhouses will soon become the standard rather than the exception to the standard in the near future According to Buckminster Fuller "We have wondered too far from the roots." An energy crisis can only be avoided only if we learn to rely on a diffuse, sustainable resource like the sun. Become part of this green economy and travel on the  Green Train and learn about Solar Rebate Incentives and Cheap Electricity                                                                             
  • butlerlex99 on 12 Mar 13
     
    solar energy
gonzalezisa00

Environment for Kids: Wave and Tidal Energy - 0 views

www.ducksters.com/...wave_and_tidal_energy.php

history

shared by gonzalezisa00 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • There are also three main ways that tidal energy is harnessed: Tidal Barrages - A tidal barrage works like a dam. When the tide goes high, the reservoir fills up. When the tide drops the dam lets the water out. In both directions the moving water can spin the blades of turbines to create electricity. Tidal Fences - These are smaller structures than a barrage. A number of vertical turbines form a fence between two land masses. When the tide moves in or out, the turbines spin and generate electricity. Tidal Turbines - These are individual turbines placed anywhere there is a strong tidal flow.
  • Tidal power to turn water wheels and grind grains was used as far back as Roman times and the Middle Ages. The idea of using tidal power for electricity is fairly recent, but the costs have been too high to make it a major energy source. Recent technological advances have shown that it could become a competitive and viable source
  • Tidal turbines are more expensive to build and maintain than wind turbines, but produce more energy. They also produce energy more consistently as the tide is continuous while the wind doesn't always blow.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • Concepts for wave energy have existed since the 1800s, however modern wave technology began in the 1940s with the experiments of scientist Yoshio Masuda
carusonepay99

Wind energy FAQ | EWEA - 0 views

www.ewea.org/...wind-energy-faq

wind climate change

shared by carusonepay99 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Each year we release millions of tonnes of carbon dioxide by burning fossil fuels (oil, coal and gas). In 2010, on average, every single EU citizen emitted 9.4 tonnes of CO2 – that’s enough to fill ten three-storey buildings. For every kWh of wind energy that you use, you will save approximately 696g of CO2. EWEA estimates that wind energy avoided the emission of 140 million tonnes of CO2 in 2011 in the EU, equivalent to taking 33% of cars in the EU – 71 million vehicles – off the road. This avoided CO2 costs of around €3.5 billion (assuming a price of €25/t CO2). Choosing how your electricity is produced plays an important role in protecting the climate: it’s easy to switch to a green power provider; you request the change and your current and future providers will organise it themselves.
tavarreskat99

tidal energy - 0 views

www.odec.ca/...tidal.html

tide energy cost

shared by tavarreskat99 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Tidal energy is the utilization of the variations in sea level caused primarily by the gravitational effects of the moon, combined with the rotation of the Earth.
  • Tidal energy is a clean, renewable energy resource, but its environmental impacts and accessibility, limit its potential to become a major provider of electricity. Where tidal energy is a viable resource, it may prove to be expensive at first, but economical in the long run if the technology improves.
olearydev99

Fuel Cells are not Pollution Free: Where Will the Water Go? - 0 views

www.roperld.com/...fuelcellspollution.htm

fuel cell pollution

shared by olearydev99 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • olearydev99 on 12 Mar 13
     
    "When hydrogen combines with oxygen to produce water in a fuel cell the hydrogen is taken from a tank carried in the vehicle and the oxygen is taken from the air (as it is in gasoline-combustion vehicles). The reaction is 2 H2 + O2 -> 2 H2O . So, for every 2 hydrogen atoms taken from the fuel tank, 1 oxygen atom is taken from the air. An oxygen atom is about 16 times more massive than a hydrogen atom, so the water molecule is 9 times [(16 + 2) / 2] more massive than the 2 hydrogen atoms used to make it."
tvedepai00

Wave Power - 1 views

www.climate-change-guide.com/wave-power.html

wave cost co2 sustainable

shared by tvedepai00 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Wave power does not cause any greenhouse gases and is a form of renewable energy as we will simply never run out of waves.Even though equipment represents a considerable financial commitment, the fuel is free of charge and never limited by geopolitical borders. Finally, the damage to the natural environment is considered to be minimal and thus it will help stop climate change.
  • fieldingbry99 on 12 Mar 13
     
    "Wave power does not cause any greenhouse gases and is a form of renewable energy as we will simply never run out of waves. Even though equipment represents a considerable financial commitment, the fuel is free of charge and never limited by geopolitical borders. Finally, the damage to the natural environment is considered to be minimal and thus it will help stop climate change."
leonardsar99

How Much Power Does a Solar Panel Generate? | eHow.com - 0 views

www.ehow.com/ower-solar-panel-generate.html

solar current

shared by leonardsar99 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • leonardsar99 on 12 Mar 13
     
    "Solar panels produce electric power according to their size, efficiency and how much sunlight they receive. For homeowners and small businesses, roof-mounted panels are a typical option. Solar panels rated at 100 to 200 watts cover about 10 square feet (1 square meter). The power you get from a 100-watt solar panel depends on how much sunlight it receives, and on a daily basis the total power is much less than the rated wattage"
bolendev99

Solar electricity PV (photovoltaic) panels explained - benefits, costs, savings, earnin... - 1 views

www.energysavingtrust.org.uk/...Solar-panels-PV

solar sustainable

shared by bolendev99 on 08 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • bolendev99 on 08 Mar 13
     
    "The benefits of solar electricity Cut your electricity bills: sunlight is free, so once you've paid for the initial installation your electricity costs will be reduced. Get paid for the electricity you generate: the government's Feed-In Tariffs pay you for the electricity you generate, even if you use it. Sell electricity back to the grid: if your system is producing more electricity than you need, or when you can't use it, you can sell the surplus back to the grid. Cut your carbon footprint: solar electricity is green, renewables energy and doesn't release any harmful carbon dioxide] or other pollutants. A typical home solar PV system could save over a tonne of carbon dioxide per year - that's more than 30 tonnes over its lifetime. "
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