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Energy Resources: Biofuels - 2 views

home.clara.net/...biofuels.htm pollution cost biofuels
shared by dpurdy on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • By "biofuels" on this page, I mean fuels for vehicles, such as "biodiesel" and "bioethanol" - although you can also use the term "biofuel" to cover any kind of fuel made from living materials or their waste.
  • How it works Biofuels are made from two main sources: Growing crops such as corn, sugar cane, soya or rapeseed; or from palm oil Growing algae
  • Biofuels are made from two main sources: Growing crops such as corn, sugar cane, soya or rapeseed; or from palm oil Growing algae
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • iofuels are potentially carbon-neutral, because although carbon dioxide is released when we burn them, carbon dioxide is taken in by the plants as they grow. However, energy is needed to grow the crops, harvest them, and to process the results into usable products - and most of this energy will be from fossil fuels for farm machinery and power stations.
  • Biofuels are potentially carbon-neutral, because although carbon dioxide is released when we burn them, carbon dioxide is taken in by the plants as they grow. However, energy is needed to grow the crops, harvest them, and to process the results into usable products - and most of this energy will be from fossil fuels for farm machinery and power stations.
  • Producing biofuels from crops means using large amounts of land to grow those crops - that means less land for food production. We must be careful to strike a balance between crops ofr fuel and crops for food.
  • Producing biofuels from crops means using large amounts of land to grow those crops - that means less land for food production. We must be careful to strike a balance between crops ofr fuel and crops for food.
  • Algae - that's pond scum - are microscopic water plants. They reproduce and photosynthesise fast, and the algae are then filtered out of the water and the lipids (oils) are used to make biodiesel.
  • It is claimed that growing plants to make biofuels will take in that carbon dioxide again. But biologists tell us that forests are not 'the lungs of the planet' after all - they give out as much CO2 as they absorb as the plants respire. It seems that it's plant plankton in the oceans that takes in most CO2 and gives out most oxygen.
  • It takes huge areas of land in order to grow crops for biofuels, although making biofuels from algae does not have this problem
  • Biofuel production is closer to being carbon-neutral than using fossil fuels.
  • Is it renewable? Biofuels are renewable, we can plant more of the crops or grow more of the algae.
  • anonymous on 02 Oct 13
     
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Tidal power - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 1 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Tidal_power tidal power history
shared by rascoekat00 on 03 Nov 11 - No Cached
  • The first tidal power station was the Rance tidal power plant built over a period of 6 years from 1960 to 1966 at La Rance, France.[8] It has 240 MW installed capacity.
  • Historically, tide mills have been used, both in Europe and on the Atlantic coast of North America. The incoming water was contained in large storage ponds, and as the tide went out, it turned waterwheels that used the mechanical power it produced to mill grain. [1] The earliest occurrences date from the Middle Ages, or even from Roman times.[2][3] It was only in the 19th century that the process of using falling water and spinning turbines to create electricity was introduced in the U.S. and Europe.[
  • Tides are more predictable than wind energy and solar power.
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  • relatively high cost and limited availability of sites with sufficiently high tidal ranges or flow velocities, thus constricting its total availability. However, many recent technological developments and improvements, both in design (e.g. dynamic tidal power, tidal lagoons) and turbine technology (e.g. new axial turbines, cross flow turbines), indicate that the total availability of tidal power may be much higher than previously assumed
  • Tidal stream generator Main article: Tidal stream generator Tidal stream generators (or TSGs) make use of the kinetic energy of moving water to power turbines, in a similar way to wind turbines that use wind to power turbines. Some tidal generators can be built into the structures of existing bridges, involving virtually no aesthetic problems. Likewise, “tidal bridging” is a relatively new advancement that is gaining recognition as a more practical and beneficial way to generate tidal power. Blue Energy Canada is a company that is focused on building bridges to match today's demands. [9]
  • The first study of large scale tidal power plants was by the US Federal Power Commission in 1924 which if built would have been located in the northern border area of the US state of Maine and the south eastern border area of the Canadian province of New Brunswick, with various dams, powerhouses and ship locks enclosing the Bay of Fundy and Passamaquoddy Bay (note: see map in reference). Nothing came of the study and it is unknown whether Canada had been approached about the study by the US Federal Power Commission.[10] There was also a report on the international commission in April 1961 entitled " Investigation of the International Passamaquoddy Tidal Power Project" produced by both the US and Canadian Federal Governments.
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Enhanced geothermal energy - 0 views

nextbigfuture.com/...nhanced-geothermal-energy.html geothermal potential future current
shared by dpurdy on 07 Nov 11 - Cached
  • Enhanced geothermal systems (EGS), also sometimes called engineered geothermal systems, offer great potential for more than 100 GW of geothermal power which 40 times more than present geothermal power.
  • ultimately geothermal global resources amount to 50,000 times the energy of all oil and gas resources in the world.
  • Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) – Often categorized under the antiquated term‘Hot Dry Rock,’ EGS is thought by several experts to refer to any resource that requires artificial stimulation. This includes resources that have to be fully engineered, or ones that produce hydrothermal fluid, but sub-commercially. Regarding the latter, one expert states that, ‘As we go further, there might be projects that require more and more stimulation.’ Although EGS technology is still young and many aspects remain unproven, several projects are currently underway. If EGS technology proves commercially successful, it is expected to allow significantly increased extension of and production from existing fields, as well as utilization of geothermal energy in previously implausible locations.
  • anonymous on 05 Oct 13
     
    today hindi news,today news talmi,hindi news www.killdo.de.gg
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Geothermal Energy Use on the Rise in U.S. | Fox News - 1 views

www.foxnews.com/...geothermal-energy-use-rise geothermal
shared by nassiveradom00 on 23 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Geothermal energy is essentially free heat that comes from under your feet,
  • Additionally, the generation of geothermal energy in the U.S. is enough to power over two million homes.
  • "The industry is growing now, because over the past decade both the federal and state government have put in place laws and policies to really promote clean energy".
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Getting to Solar Energy Sustainability | The Energy Collective - 2 views

theenergycollective.com/...ng-solar-energy-sustainability solar sustainable
shared by sokolkyl00 on 25 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • I recognize this may seem like fantasy, but if the proponents of solar energy and other clean energy alternatives really want it to succeed they must get off life support, be free from the addiction to unsustainable subsidies, and given a chance to grow and thrive on their own in a healthy, competitive market environment where innovation and hard work create sustainable market equilibrium.
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HowStuffWorks "10 Incredible Wind Power Facts" - 0 views

science.howstuffworks.com/...10-wind-power-facts3.htm wind
shared by thibodeaueth00 on 23 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • 8: One Megawatt of Wind Energy = 2,600 Fewer Tons of Carbon Dioxide So, with all the noise about clean energy, what kind of improvement are we really talking about with wind? Consider that every year 1MW of wind energy can offset approximately 2,600 tons of carbon dioxide (CO2) [source: NREL], and the interest comes into focus. The simple math is less fossil fuel consumption equals less CO2. And measuring carbon reduction has become a key benchmark for monitoring the progress of alternative energy adoption.
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Fossils Fuels vs. Renewable Energy | Ecology Global Network - 1 views

www.ecology.com/...-vs-renewable-energy-resources renewable fossil fuels
shared by mannixjul00 on 24 Sep 13 - No Cached
  • Burning fossil fuels creates carbon dioxide, the number one greenhouse gas contributing to global warming. Combustion of these fossil fuels is considered to be the largest contributing factor to the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere. In the 20th century, the average temperature of Earth rose 1 degree Fahrenheit (1°F). This was a period that saw the most prolific population growth and industrial development
  • Some estimates say our fossil fuel reserves will be depleted within 50 years, while others say it will be 100-120 years.
  • Sun, wind and water are perfect energy sources…depending on where you are. They are non-polluting, renewable and efficient
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  • The object is to capture and harness their mechanical power and convert it to electricity in the most effective and productive manner possible.
  • Another form of hydroelectric energy is tidal power. In use since the early 1900s, tidal power stations collect the energy created by the rise and fall of the tides to convert to electricity.
    • mannixjul00
      mannixjul00 on 24 Sep 13
       
      history maybe?
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Geothermal Energy and the Environment - Energy Explained, Your Guide To Understanding E... - 1 views

www.eia.gov/...index.cfm geothermal pollution
shared by dpurdy on 11 Nov 12 - No Cached
  • eothermal power plants do not burn fuel to generate electricity, so their emission levels are very low. They release less than 1% of the carbon dioxide emissions of a fossil fuel plant. Geothermal plants use scrubber systems to clean the air of hydrogen sulfide that is naturally found in the steam and hot water.
  • Geothermal plants emit 97% less acid rain-causing sulfur compounds than are emitted by fossil fuel plants. After the steam and water from a geothermal reservoir have been used, they are injected back into the Earth.
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Use of Geothermal Energy - Energy Explained, Your Guide To Understanding Energy - Energ... - 0 views

www.eia.gov/...index.cfm geothermal current
shared by dpurdy on 11 Nov 12 - No Cached
  • In 2011, U.S. geothermal power plants produced about 17 billion kilowatt-hours (kWh), or 0.4% of total U.S. electricity generation.
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Wind - Energy Explained, Your Guide To Understanding Energy - Energy Information Admini... - 1 views

www.eia.gov/...index.cfm wind form sustainable
shared by dpurdy on 11 Nov 12 - No Cached
  • Wind is simply air in motion. It is caused by the uneven heating of the Earth's surface by the sun. Because the Earth's surface is made of very different types of land and water, it absorbs the sun's heat at different rates.
  • Wind is a renewable energy source because the wind will blow as long as the sun shines.
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U.S. geothermal infrastructure could support 7.2 million people | SmartPlanet - 0 views

www.smartplanet.com/...1318 current geothermal
shared by nassiveradom00 on 03 Nov 12 - No Cached
  • The geothermal energy process extracts heat from the Earth for the purpose of generating electricity to power homes. Most development in this area is concentrated at where tectonic plates meet, such as the western coasts of North and South America, the Mediterranean and east coast of Africa and East Asia.
  • The U.S. could have as much as 10 gigawatts of geothermal power at its disposal if current projects under development are completed, according to a new report.
  • U.S. geothermal infrastructure manages 3,100 megawatts, the new projects could add an additional 7,100 megawatts, or 7 gigawatts, of energy output.
  • dpurdy on 03 Nov 12
     
    "The U.S. could have as much as 10 gigawatts of geothermal power at its disposal if current projects under development are completed, according to a new report. According to a new report from the Geothermal Energy Association, there are 144 new geothermal projects in 14 U.S. states currently under development. While the current U.S. geothermal infrastructure manages 3,100 megawatts, the new projects could add an additional 7,100 megawatts, or 7 gigawatts, of energy output."
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Electricity from Geothermal Energy - 1 views

www.powerscorecard.org/tech_detail.cfm convert geothermal
shared by hardingmar00 on 14 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • The heat from the earth's own molten core can be converted into electricity. This core consists primarily of extremely high temperature liquid rock known as magma. This "geothermal" heat circulates within the rock or is transferred to underground reservoirs of water, which also circulate under the earth's crust. Because of the near limitless ability of the earth to produce magma, and the continuous transfer of heat between subsurface rock and water, geothermal energy is considered a renewable resource.
  • faglejoh98 on 14 Mar 13
     
    "The heat from the earth's own molten core can be converted into electricity. This core consists primarily of extremely high temperature liquid rock known as magma. This "geothermal" heat circulates within the rock or is transferred to underground reservoirs of water, which also circulate under the earth's crust. Because of the near limitless ability of the earth to produce magma, and the continuous transfer of heat between subsurface rock and water, geothermal energy is considered a renewable resource. Geothermal resources have been harnessed as an energy source since the dawn of civilization, when natural hot springs were first used for cooking and bathing. The geothermal resources tapped to generate electricity are far more intense than those used for space heating and can reside as deep as 10,000 feet below the earth's surface. Capital costs for the construction of geothermal power plants are much higher than for large coal-fired plants or new natural gas turbine technologies. But geothermal plants have reasonable operation and maintenance costs and no fuel costs. Though more expensive than wind power in most cases, new geothermal electricity generation facilities are increasingly competitive with fossil options."
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Solar power - Sustainable green energy to protect our economy and environment | PARTHA ... - 2 views

saferenvironment.wordpress.com/...ct-our-economy-and-environment solar sustainable
shared by sokolkyl00 on 11 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • A Solar Energy system can operate entirely independently, not requiring a connection to a power or gas grid at all. Systems can therefore be installed in remote locations, making it more practical and cost-effective than the supply of utility electricity to a new site.
  • A Solar Energy system can operate entirely independently, not requiring a connection to a power or gas grid at all. Systems can therefore be installed in remote locations, making it more practical and cost-effective than the supply of utility electricity to a new site.
  • bolendev99 on 11 Mar 13
     
    "It offers much more self-reliance than depending upon a power utility for all electricity."
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Where Does Geothermal Energy Come From - 0 views

www.universetoday.com/...es-geothermal-energy-come-from geothermal co2 fossil fuels
shared by deepat00 on 11 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • bounadaries and faults are cracks in the Earth’s crust where magma rises near or to the surface. Geothermal plants take advantage of this fact using water heated by this volcanic activity to produce electric power.
  • The best part is that it is clean energy. There is no way it can produce pollution that can harm the environment
  • hardingmar00 on 23 Sep 13
     
    where geothermal energy comes from
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Geothermal Technologies Office: A History of Geothermal Energy in the United States - 0 views

www1.eere.energy.gov/...history.html geothermal history
shared by deepat00 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Archaeological evidence shows that the first human use of geothermal resources in North America occurred more than 10,000 years ago with the settlement of Paleo-Indians at hot springs
  • knightoli99 on 12 Mar 13
     
    "Archaeological evidence shows that the first human use of geothermal resources in North America occurred more than 10,000 years ago with the settlement of Paleo-Indians at hot springs. The springs served as a source of warmth and cleansing, their minerals as a source of healing. While people still soak in shallow pools heated by the earth, engineers are developing technologies that will allow us to probe more than 10 miles below the earth's surface in search of geothermal energy. We invite you to study the timeline of the recent history of geothermal energy in the United States."
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ELI: Energy: Support Materials: Tidal Energy - 0 views

www.ei.lehigh.edu/...tidal4.html history
shared by adamsaub98 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • People have harnessed the tides and used its energy for many centuries. Tide mills—which are the precursors to today’s tidal power plants— have great similarity to water wheels. The difference is that water must first be collected from the incoming tide before it can be released to rotate the water wheel.
  • he oldest, excavated tide mill is dated to the year 619.
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How is wind energy converted into electrical energy - 0 views

wiki.answers.com/...nverted_into_electrical_energy convert
shared by pondalb98 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • pondalb98 on 12 Mar 13
     
    the steps that convert your energy source into electricity
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Tidal Power - 0 views

www.surviveclimatechange.com/tidal-power.html tide cost current
shared by mchughkon99 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Although this source of energy shows some promise in terms of "clean", renewable energy there have been some roadblocks to widespread use of energy from the tides. This type of energy should not be put on the back burner even though there appears to be limited opportunities at this time
  • mchughkon99 on 12 Mar 13
     
    can be cost effective
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How can you convert geothermal energy to electrical energy - 0 views

wiki.answers.com/...al_energy_to_electrical_energy geothermal
shared by dittrichcai99 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • dittrichcai99 on 12 Mar 13
     
    "In geothermal energy plants, water is injected into the ground. Underground, there are areas of rock that are heated by the presence of volcanic activity, such as magma near the surface. This heats the water, which comes back out of the ground very hot. A heat exchanger cools the water, which goes back into the ground. The heat from the heat exchanger boils another pipe of water into steam. The steam spins a turbine, which is connected to a generator, which creates electricity. "
2More

Wind Energy: Facts - 1 views

www.mass.gov/...wind-energy-facts.html wind current
shared by wellsann99 on 12 Mar 13 - No Cached
  • Over 8,500 MW were installed in the US in 2008 (just beating out China with 6,300 MW). This represents: 50 percent increase from 200742 percent of all new generating capacity installed in 2008$17 billion investment44 million tons of carbon emissions avoided (equivalent of 7 million cars)35,000 new jobs
  • wellsann99 on 12 Mar 13
     
    wind power today
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