assurances from Moscow that Chechens living in neighbouring Ingushetia would not be forced back to their volatile Northern Caucasus homeland. Insisting that returns must be voluntary, the refugee agency specified that those who do not wish to return must have options to allow them to remain in safety. Measures include winterisation of accommodation, ongoing safe haven in Ingushetia, regularisation of their status where they are currently residing and, where opportunities arise, medium-term integration.