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The genome-wide association study (GWAS) publications listed here include only those attempting to assay at least 100,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the initial stage. Publications are organized from most to least recent date of publication, indexing from online publication if available. Studies focusing only on candidate genes are excluded from this catalog. Studies are identified through weekly PubMed literature searches, daily NIH-distributed compilations of news and media reports, and occasional comparisons with an existing database of GWAS literature (HuGE Navigator). SNP-trait associations listed here are limited to those with p-values < 1.0 x 10-5. Note that we are now including all identified SNP-trait associations meeting this p-value threshhold. Multipliers of powers of 10 in p-values are rounded to the nearest single digit; odds ratios and allele frequencies are rounded to two decimals. Standard errors are converted to 95 percent confidence intervals where applicable. Allele frequencies, p-values, and odds ratios derived from the largest sample size, typically a combined analysis (initial plus replication studies), are recorded below if reported; otherwise statistics from the initial study sample are recorded. Odds ratios < 1 in the original paper are converted to OR > 1 for the alternate allele. Where results from multiple genetic models are available, we prioritized effect sizes (OR's or beta-coefficients) as follows: 1) genotypic model, per-allele estimate; 2) genotypic model, heterozygote estimate, 3) allelic model, allelic estimate. Gene regions corresponding to SNPs were identified from the UCSC Genome Browser. Gene names are those reported by the authors in the original paper. Only one SNP within a gene or region of high linkage disequilibrium is recorded unless there was evidence of independent association.

Existing studies on BitTorrent systems are single-torrent based, while more than 85% of all peers participate in multiple torrents according to our trace analysis. In addition, these studies are not sufficiently insightful and accurate even for single-torrent models, due to some unrealistic assumptions. Our analysis of representative BitTorrent traffic provides several new findings regarding the limitations of BitTorrent systems: (1) Due to the exponentially decreasing peer arrival rate in reality, service availability in such systems becomes poor quickly, after which it is difficult for the file to be located and downloaded. (2) Client performance in the BitTorrent-like systems is unstable, and fluctuates widely with the peer population. (3) Existing systems could provide unfair services to peers, where peers with high downloading speed tend to download more and upload less. In this paper, we study these limitations on torrent evolution in realistic environments. Motivated by the analysis and modeling results, we further build a graph based multi-torrent model to study inter-torrent collaboration. Our model quantitatively provides strong motivation for inter-torrent collaboration instead of directly stimulating seeds to stay longer. We also discuss a system design to show the feasibility of multi-torrent collaboration.