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Welcome to the NIH WikiProject, a collaboration area and group of editors dedicated to improving Wikipedia's coverage of National Institutes of Health. This is a new WikiProject, so please join!! (For more information on WikiProjects, please see Wikipedia:WikiProject and the Guide to WikiProjects). Goals * Improve Wikipedia's current coverage of the NIH and deepen the coverage with more pages. Scope * Cover all of the Institutes all the way down to individual laboratories/units.

The genome-wide association study (GWAS) publications listed here include only those attempting to assay at least 100,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the initial stage. Publications are organized from most to least recent date of publication, indexing from online publication if available. Studies focusing only on candidate genes are excluded from this catalog. Studies are identified through weekly PubMed literature searches, daily NIH-distributed compilations of news and media reports, and occasional comparisons with an existing database of GWAS literature (HuGE Navigator). SNP-trait associations listed here are limited to those with p-values < 1.0 x 10-5. Note that we are now including all identified SNP-trait associations meeting this p-value threshhold. Multipliers of powers of 10 in p-values are rounded to the nearest single digit; odds ratios and allele frequencies are rounded to two decimals. Standard errors are converted to 95 percent confidence intervals where applicable. Allele frequencies, p-values, and odds ratios derived from the largest sample size, typically a combined analysis (initial plus replication studies), are recorded below if reported; otherwise statistics from the initial study sample are recorded. Odds ratios < 1 in the original paper are converted to OR > 1 for the alternate allele. Where results from multiple genetic models are available, we prioritized effect sizes (OR's or beta-coefficients) as follows: 1) genotypic model, per-allele estimate; 2) genotypic model, heterozygote estimate, 3) allelic model, allelic estimate. Gene regions corresponding to SNPs were identified from the UCSC Genome Browser. Gene names are those reported by the authors in the original paper. Only one SNP within a gene or region of high linkage disequilibrium is recorded unless there was evidence of independent association.

We build here a repository of assembled transcript sequences from the contigation (Expressed Sequence Tag (known as EST) & mRNA) in order to discover new genes from already existing data. Publicly available EST & mRNA sequences are clusterised and then contigated with specific bioinformatic tools (see technology).

CloudBurst: Highly Sensitive Short Read Mapping with MapReduce Michael Schatz Center for Bioinformatics and Computational Biology, University of Maryland Next-generation DNA sequencing machines are generating an enormous amount of sequence data, placing unprecedented demands on traditional single-processor read mapping algorithms. CloudBurst is a new parallel read-mapping algorithm optimized for mapping next-generation sequence data to the human genome and other reference genomes, for use in a variety of biological analyses including SNP discovery, genotyping, and personal genomics. It is modeled after the short read mapping program RMAP, and reports either all alignments or the unambiguous best alignment for each read with any number of mismatches or differences. This level of sensitivity could be prohibitively time consuming, but CloudBurst uses the open-source Hadoop implementation of MapReduce to parallelize execution using multiple compute nodes. CloudBurst's running time scales linearly with the number of reads mapped, and with near linear speedup as the number of processors increases. In a 24-processor core configuration, CloudBurst is up to 30 times faster than RMAP executing on a single core, while computing an identical set of alignments. In a large remote compute clouds with 96 cores, CloudBurst reduces the running time from hours to mere minutes for typical jobs involving mapping of millions of short reads to the human genome. CloudBurst is available open-source as a model for parallelizing other bioinformatics algorithms with MapReduce.

These Web Services can be used to create applications on Molecules and their Properties. Details of the Web Services can be found here. If you are new to using these Web Services, please take a few minutes to read the instructions here.

Existing studies on BitTorrent systems are single-torrent based, while more than 85% of all peers participate in multiple torrents according to our trace analysis. In addition, these studies are not sufficiently insightful and accurate even for single-torrent models, due to some unrealistic assumptions. Our analysis of representative BitTorrent traffic provides several new findings regarding the limitations of BitTorrent systems: (1) Due to the exponentially decreasing peer arrival rate in reality, service availability in such systems becomes poor quickly, after which it is difficult for the file to be located and downloaded. (2) Client performance in the BitTorrent-like systems is unstable, and fluctuates widely with the peer population. (3) Existing systems could provide unfair services to peers, where peers with high downloading speed tend to download more and upload less. In this paper, we study these limitations on torrent evolution in realistic environments. Motivated by the analysis and modeling results, we further build a graph based multi-torrent model to study inter-torrent collaboration. Our model quantitatively provides strong motivation for inter-torrent collaboration instead of directly stimulating seeds to stay longer. We also discuss a system design to show the feasibility of multi-torrent collaboration.

With the drama and urgency of a sportscaster, statistics guru Hans Rosling uses an amazing new presentation tool, Gapminder, to debunk several myths about world development. Rosling is professor of international health at Sweden's Karolinska Institute, and founder of Gapminder, a nonprofit that brings vital global data to life. (Recorded February 2006 in Monterey, CA.)

ACADEMIC JOURNALS provides free access to research information to the international community without financial, legal or technical barriers. All the journals from this organization will be freely distributed and available from multiple websites.....ACADEMIC JOURNALS, breaking new frontiers in the world of journals.

A site about the engineer's from Moldova, Leonid Popusoi's, inventions and discoveries in astronomy and physics. \nIt contains descriptions of his inventions, books and videos.

Law professors defend NIH policy against copyright objections Forty-six law professors and specialists in copyright law wrote to the House Judiciary Committee on September 8 to show that the publishing lobby's objections to the NIH policy misrepresent US copyright law. The Committee had the letter in hand when it convened the September 11 hearing on the Conyers bill. The letter is now online. Excerpt: