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Mike Chelen

Directory of open access journals - 0 views

www.doaj.org

journals research journal open openaccess science access license

shared by Mike Chelen on 08 Dec 08 - Cached
  • Mike Chelen on 08 Dec 08
     
    Welcome to the Directory of Open Access Journals. This service covers free, full text, quality controlled scientific and scholarly journals. We aim to cover all subjects and languages. There are now 3768 journals in the directory. Currently 1327 journals are searchable at article level. As of today 240018 articles are included in the DOAJ service.
Mike Chelen

The Control Fallacy: Why OA Out-Innovates the Alternative : Nature Precedings - 0 views

precedings.nature.com/...1

open science data license

shared by Mike Chelen on 11 Feb 09 - Cached
  • Mike Chelen on 11 Feb 09
     
    This article examines the relationship between Open Access to the scholarly literature and innovation. It traces the ideas of "end to end" network principles in the Internet and the World Wide Web and applies them to the scholarly biomedical literature. And the article argues for the importance of relieving not just price barriers but permission barriers.
Mike Chelen

Protocol for Implementing Open Access Data - 0 views

sciencecommons.org/...open-access-data-protocol

science commons open access data public domain

shared by Mike Chelen on 07 Sep 08 - Cached
  • information for the Internet community
  • distributing data or databases
  • “open” and “open access”
  • ...69 more annotations...
  • requirements for gaining and using the Science Commons Open Access Data Mark and metadata
  • interoperability of scientific data
  • terms and conditions around data make integration difficult to legally perform
  • single license
  • data with this license can be integrated with any other data under this license
  • too many databases under too many terms already
  • unlikely that any one license or suite of licenses will have the correct mix of terms
  • principles for open access data and a protocol for implementing those principles
  • Open Access Data Mark and metadata
  • databases and data
  • the foundation to legally integrate a database or data product
  • another database or data product
  • no mechanisms to manage transfer or negotiations of rights unrelated to integration
  • submitted to Science Commons for certification as a conforming implementation
  • Open Access Data trademarks (icons and phrases) and metadata on databases
  • protocol must promote legal predictability and certainty
  • easy to use and understand
  • lowest possible transaction costs on users
  • Science Commons’ experience in distributing a database licensing Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) file
  • hard to apply the distinction between what is copyrightable and what is not copyrightable
  • lack of simplicity restricts usage
  • reducing or eliminating the need to make the distinction between copyrightable and non-copyrightable elements
  • satisfy the norms and expectations of the disciplines providing the database
  • norms for citation will differ
  • norms must be attached
  • Converge on the public domain by waiving all rights based on intellectual property
  • reconstruction of the public domain
  • scientific norms to express the wishes of the data provider
  • public domain
  • waiving the relevant rights on data and asserting that the provider makes no claims on the data
  • Requesting behavior, such as citation, through norms rather than as a legal requirement based on copyright or contracts, allows for different scientific disciplines to develop different norms for citation.
  • waive all rights necessary for data extraction and re-use
  • copyright
  • sui generis database rights
  • claims of unfair competition
  • implied contracts
  • and other legal rights
  • any obligations on the user of the data or database such as “copyleft” or “share alike”, or even the legal requirement to provide attribution
  • non-legally binding set of citation norms
  • waiving other statutory or intellectual property rights
  • there are other rights, in addition to copyright, that may apply
  • uncopyrightable databases may be protected in some countries
  • sui generis rights apply in the European Union
  • waivers of sui generis and other legal grounds for database protection
  • no contractual controls
  • using contract, rather than intellectual property or statutory rights, to apply terms to databases
  • affirmatively declare that contractual constraints do not apply to the database
  • interoperation with databases and data not available under the Science Commons Open Access Data Protocol through metadata
  • data that is not or cannot be made available under this protocol
  • owner provides metadata (as data) under this protocol so that the existence of the non-open access data is discoverable
  • digital identifiers and metadata describing non-open access data
  • “Licensing” a database typically means that the “copyrightable elements” of a database are made available under a copyright license
  • Database FAQ, in its first iteration, recommended this method
  • recommendation is now withdrawn
  • copyright begins in and ends in many databases
  • database divided into copyrightable and non copyrightable elements
  • user tends to assume that all is under copyright or none is under copyright
  • share-alike license on the copyrightable elements may be falsely assumed to operate on the factual contents of a database
  • copyright in situations where it is not necessary
  • query across tens of thousands of data records across the web might return a result which itself populates a new database
  • selective waiving of intellectual property rights fail to provide a high degree of legal certainty and ease of use
  • problem of false expectations
  • apply a “copyleft” term to the copyrightable elements of a database, in hopes that those elements result in additional open access database elements coming online
  • uncopyrightable factual content
  • republish those contents without observing the copyleft or share-alike terms
  • cascading attribution if attribution is required as part of a license approach
  • Would a scientist need to attribute 40,000 data depositors in the event of a query across 40,000 data sets?
  • conflict with accepted norms in some disciplines
  • imposes a significant transaction cost
Mike Chelen

Edge of Space Found | LiveScience - 0 views

www.livescience.com/...090409-edge-space.html

space solar_wind

shared by Mike Chelen on 10 Apr 09 - Cached
  • boundary between Earth's atmosphere and outer space
  • instrument developed by scientists at the University of Calgary
  • 73 miles (118 kilometers) above Earth's surface
  • ...21 more annotations...
  • astronauts can say they've been to space after only passing the 50-mile (80-kilometer) mark
  • space industry is also a somewhat arbitrary 62 miles (100 kilometers)
  • United States, however, has never officially adopted a set boundary standard
  • overflight rights of satellites and other orbiting bodies
  • NASA's mission control uses 76 miles (122 kilometers) as their re-entry altitude
  • shuttle switches from steering with thrusters to maneuvering with air surfaces
  • 13 million miles (21 million kilometers)
  • the boundary where Earth's gravity is no longer dominant
  • Supra-Thermal Ion Imager
  • tracking the relatively gentle winds of Earth's atmosphere and the more violent flows of charged particles in space
  • difficult to make measurements in this region, which is too high for balloons and too low for satellites
  • second time that direct measurements of charged particle flows have been made in this region
  • first time all the ingredients – such as the upper atmospheric winds – have been included
  • David Knudsen of the University of Calgary
  • carried by the JOULE-II rocket on Jan. 19, 2007
  • an altitude of about 124 miles (200 kilometers) above sea level and collected data for the five minutes it was moving through the "edge of space."
  • Journal of Geophysical Research on April 7
  • space weather and its impacts on Earth
  • calculate energy flows into the Earth's atmosphere that ultimately may be able to help us understand the interaction between space and our environment
  • link between sunspots and the warming and cooling of the Earth's climate
  • how space weather impacts satellites, communications, navigation, and power systems
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