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Avenir means future in French, and this award looks toward the future by supporting early stage investigators proposing highly innovative studies. The award will support those in an early stage of their career who may lack the preliminary data required for an R01 grant, but who propose high impact research and who show promise of being tomorrow's leaders in the field. NIDA has developed two Avenir Award Programs, one for HIV/AIDS research and the other for genetics or epigenetics studies. The Genetics or Epigenetics of Substance Use Disorders Avenir Award program supports early stage investigators proposing highly innovative studies that open new areas of research for the genetics or epigenetics of addiction. These may be novel methods or approaches that can potentially be applied to the analysis of the genetics or epigenetics of addiction. Investigators outside the field of addiction interested in applying their novel approaches to the genetics or epigenetics of addiction are encouraged to apply. The award will support those in an early stage of their career who may lack the preliminary data required for an R01 grant, but who propose high impact research and who show promise of being tomorrow's leaders in the field of genetics or epigenetics of substance use disorders.

The purpose of this initiative is to support community-based and healthcare setting-based research to understand the individual, interpersonal, community and societal factors that influence patterns of PrEP attitudes, access, availability, and adherence among health disparity populations in the US. Projects may involve primary quantitative and/or qualitative data collection and/or secondary analysis of existing data.

The Communities Building Healthier Environments for a Stronger Nation Initiative ('Communities Initiative') intends to demonstrate the effectiveness of community-based networks in improving health outcomes among racial and ethnic minority and/or other disadvantaged populations. This program seeks to improve health outcomes through the establishment of integrated networks that collaboratively employ evidence-based disease management and preventive health activities; build the capacity of communities to address social determinants and barriers to healthcare access; and increase access to and utilization of preventive health care, medical treatment, and supportive services. The Communities Initiative specifically targets the unmet healthcare and supportive service needs of racial and ethnic minority populations at highest risk for poorer health outcomes. Health services provided under the Communities Initiative will not be denied to any person based on race, color, or national origin. Populations at highest risk include, but are not limited to, individuals who are newly diagnosed and lack a medical home; individuals who experience difficulty in adhering to a prescribed medical treatment plan; individuals with a chronic disease that is not well managed; and individuals that are unstably housed. Specific health areas to be addressed by the Communities Initiative include asthma, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, HIV/AIDS, Hepatitis B or C, obesity/overweight, and mental disorders. Community health programs are required to address social determinants of health, and improve coordination of health, social, and supportive services to significantly improve health outcomes among minority and/or disadvantaged communities. Applicants must choose two but no more than three chronic conditions

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support hypothesis-generating research in transgender people with the objective of characterizing the biological and immunological impact of the interventions (hormones, drugs and surgical) used for gender reassignment and their impact on susceptibility to HIV and other sexually transmitted infections (STI).

The End TB Strategy envisions a world free of tuberculosis (TB)-zero deaths, disease and suffering due to TB by 2035. This requires reducing the global TB incidence from >1250 cases per million people to <100 cases per million people within the next two decades. Each year, an estimated 10 million people develop TB disease, and an estimated 1.6 million TB people die from TB - the leading cause of death from any infectious disease. In 2017, 90% of all estimated new TB cases were adults (15 years of age or older), and 9% were persons living with HIV (PLHIV) with 72% living in Africa. Despite being preventable and treatable, large gaps in detection and treatment of TB cases remain; of the estimated 10 million new TB cases in 2017, only 6.4 million TB cases were officially reported.

CDC Tanzania is seeking to enter into a cooperative agreement to provide software development and other health information systems (HIS) related support services to United Republic of Tanzania government ministries, agencies or departments. The partner(s) will help increase the use of electronic systems to improve delivery of services, increase the number of interoperable systems exchanging and sharing data to support evidence-based decision making, and improve the alignment between health information systems and health sector service delivery and management requirements.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support multi-component, multi-disciplinary projects that address important scientific questions relevant to AIDS prophylactic vaccine discovery research. Extensive modeling of vaccine concepts in non-human primates may be included.

This Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) invites research grant applications to study the cellular and molecular mechanisms delineating the neuropathophysiology of HAND in the setting of long-term combination antiretroviral therapy (cART) conditions using induced microglia and cerebral organoids generated from patient derived induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC) lines.

The purpose of this FOA is to fund a single interdisciplinary Coordinating Center to formalize and centralize support of the rural opioid initiative administered by NIDA and co-funded by CDC, SAMHSA, and ARC. This initiative was funded under RFA-DA-17-014 and RFA-DA-17-023 The Coordinating Center will provide scientific, technical, regulatory, ethical, and logistical support of data comparability, new data collection, and data integration; developing integrated rural opioid initiative datasets; assisting grantees with acquisition and analysis of local administrative and/or research datasets that enable evaluation of their implementation activities or augment their community assessments; conducting requested analyses that relate to the integrated rural opioid initiative datasets; developing and executing a rural opioid initiative publication and dissemination plan; and providing logistical support for in-person meetings, conference calls, and webinars that include the rural opioid initiative grantees and funders. The Coordinating Center will be represented on the rural opioid initiative executive steering committee, along with the funders and rural opioid initiative grantees.

The purpose of this Funding Opportunity Announcement (FOA) is to support multi-component, multi-disciplinary projects that address scientific questions relevant to AIDS prophylactic vaccine discovery research. Extensive modeling of vaccine concepts in non-human primates may be included.

  NIDA is interested in research that addresses research gaps related to PrEP and its use among substance users, with the goals of improving PrEP management and implementation. Current US Public Health Service PrEP guidelines recommend PrEP for people who inject drugs (PWID) and mention alcohol and illicit drug use as potential concerns for clinical management. Only one clinical trial has evaluated PrEP among PWID and systematic data regarding the broader use of PrEP among substance users are limited. There is a need to better understand the effects of substance use on PrEP effectiveness and better inform PrEP implementation among substance users. More systematic data are needed regarding the impact of substance use on PrEP management and adherence, along with investigating potential unintended consequences of PrEP use that may be unique to substance users such as changes in harm reduction practices, as well as substance use as a contributor to health risk behaviors with consequences such as increased occurrence of STIs.