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Key facts Cholera is an acute diarrhoeal disease that can kill within hours if left untreated. There are an estimated 3-5 million cholera cases and 100 000-120 000 deaths due to cholera every year. Up to 80% of cases can be successfully treated with oral rehydration salts.

On October 19, 2010, ten months after the catastrophic January 2010 earthquake in Haiti that killed over 200,000 people and displaced over 1 million, the Haitian Ministry of Public Health and Population (MSPP) was notified of a sudden increase in patients presenting with watery diarrhea and dehydration in the Artibonite and Centre Departments.