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Linda Raymond-Hagen

New structures of learning: The systemic impact of connective knowledge, connectivism, ... - 5 views

elearnspace.org/...systemic_impact.htm

shared by Linda Raymond-Hagen on 27 Aug 14 - Cached
  • The limitation of physical classrooms and existing information structures in education play a similar role in delaying innovation as the centralized power source in multi-story buildings did during the adoption of electrical engines.
    • paul_size
      paul_size on 04 Sep 14
       
      I like this line about physical structures delaying innovation.  
  • long timeline of slow change
  • almost all technological advancements related to information and communication have influenced three dimensions: 1.      Our ability to create and share information and content 2.      Our ability to connect and dialogue with others, a progressive minimization of the tyranny of space and time 3.      Our ability to experience a simulated reality
  • ...75 more annotations...
  • barriers to the creation of content and information
  • This timeline has enabled anyone with access to an internet connection to create and share information.
  • The barriers of expense and technical expertise - such as printing presses - are now lowered to the ease of creating a blog or podcast.
  • validating information accuracy
  • increased ease of content creation is the ability for conversations to occur,
  • in both real and delayed time, on a global level. Through tools such as mobile phones, Skype[2], video conferencing, instant message, and microblogging tools such as Twitter[3], conversations are no longer confined by space and time
  • For many individuals, the reduced cost of information communication technologies reduces the economic barrier of participating in global conversations.
  • While technology is the undercurrent that has influenced much of the development in society and our ability to communicate, share, and create content, technology creates a different dimension not fully reflected in those advancements.
  • unattainable due to cost and access
  • Knowledge - the core product and source of engagement in education - has become increasingly fluid
  • What we have here is a transition from a stable, settled world of knowledge produced by authority/authors, to a world of instability, flux, of knowledge produced by the individual. (p. 207)
    • paul_size
      paul_size on 04 Sep 14
       
      Is this not concerning?  Knowledge produced to create a world of instability?
  • Border-less education - such as is evident by global universities like Open University (UK) and Athabasca University (Canada) Private for-profit - as defined by organizations such as University of Phoenix and Laureate Education Corporate universities - such as Defense Acquisition University. (Scott, 2002, pp. 4 - 5)
  • vital combat of lucidity
  • his era of complexity, or as defined by Barnett (2004) - supercomplexity - requires a transition from an epistemological to an ontological emphasis. The development of specific skills and mindsets becomes as critical as, or even more so, than the possession of existing knowledge.
  • The ability to continue to learn and develop new knowledge replaces the importance of existing knowledge, or, what is known today is less important than the capacity to continue to know more. The development of a certain type of person with certain mindsets exceeds the importance of being in possession of a particular type of knowledge - becoming in contrast with knowing.
  • adoption of innovation and systemic views of change.
  • adoption of innovation and systemic views of change.
  • A view of change is required that moves beyond Christensen's (1997), Moore's (1999), and Senge et al.'s (1999) models and begins to addresses the impact of trends and innovations on the spaces and structures of learning.
  • New trends drive innovation
  • when educators, school systems, and research groups begin to adopt new approaches for learning.
  • Yet, in spite of small-scale innovation, new methods typically do not result in new spaces and structures of learning. As noted by David (1990), new innovations are adopted in the context of existing physical spaces.
  • Given the opportunities of technology to extend access to content, experts, and peer learners, does an existing classroom model still make sense? Do one-instructor classrooms need to give way to more diverse approaches of many instructors and many peer learners? How should curriculum be developed? How much structure needs to be applied to this type of model in the development of curricula and in the planning of instruction? Does instructional design similarly need to be rethought?
  • Once spaces
  • complex problem solving through collaboration, and new relationships between educational institutions and society are all possible as systems ch
  • catalyst and push-back factors
  • Social pressures were building that resulted in the eventual eruption of political reorganization.
  • Prior Learning Assessment and Recognition
  • Yet learning occurs in many places, formats, and process
  • limitless dimensions exist in our learning (
  • n addition to formal education, learning occurs through games and simulations, mentoring and apprenticing, performance support at the point of a learning need, self-learning that arises through critical and creative thinking, communities of practice and personal learning networks, as well as the many informal learning situations that arise through conferences, reading, volunteering, and hobbies.
  • (a) long-term trends influencing information creation, interaction, and technological change; (b) the nature of systemic change; and (c) the multi-faceted, dimension-less nature of learning. Consideration can now be given to a creative exploration of what educational structures might look like if created on the premises presented thus far.
  • Many of the assumptions that influence current school design are challenged when learners and educators have the ability to form global learning networks outside of the realm of traditional education. As we create "space and place, we create ourselves" (Cannatella, 2007, p. 632). Our ability to learn, grow, and adapt to change pressures is directly linked to the nature of our learning environments. Oblinger (2006) addressed the link between space design and opportunities for learning:
  • Space - whether physical or virtual - can have an impact on learning. It can bring people together; it can encourage exploration, collaboration, and discussion. Or, space can carry an unspoken message of silence and disconnectedness. More and more we see the power of built pedagogy (the ability of space to define how one teaches) in colleges and universities. (para 1)
  • carrier of patterns of previous reasoning
  • hierarchical mindset exists with regard to educational content
  • classification schemes of individuals such as Aristotle and Linnaeus
  • The multi-faceted aspects of learning - the criticality of context, the importance of social interaction and negotiation, the need for active "doing" - are all of such nebulous character that they fail to avail themselves to classification
  • structure content and interaction into hierarchical structures.
  • The limitations of hierarchy in capturing interconnectedness of information and the failure of classrooms to reflect technological developments permitting multi-perspective interactions and networked learning establish a need for different metaphors to guide learning design.
  • an environment that fosters and supports the formation of communities and networks (Siemens, 2003).
  • suggests a certain view of
  • learning
  • Learning is seen as bounded, structured, managed by a single expert (the teacher),
  • different affordances
  • ecology of learning with
  • If ecologies are the spaces of learning, then networks are the structures of learning.
  • They arise in a space that both supports and confines their creation. The last decade has generated much thought on networks. A range of researchers from physics, mathematics, and sociology (Barabasi, 2002; Watts, 2003; Wellman, 1999) have explored the nature of networks and how they are a central component in all aspects of society, biology, and physics. The centrality of networks as an organizing scheme is also reflected in education, teaching, and learning (Siemens, 2006) under the concept of connectivism. Connectivism is essentially the assertion that knowledge is networked and distributed, and the act of learning is the creation and navigation of networks. The distributed nature of knowledge and the growing complexification of all aspects of society require increased utilization of technology to assist our ability to stay current, manage information abundance, and solve highly complex problems.
  • A pedagogy of participation
  • Davidovitch (2007) suggested, "The call for a new pedagogy to accompany new instructional technologies, however, has largely remained unanswered."
  • The slow pace at which educational institutions have reacted to technological developments through the creation of new pedagogies can be traced to the physical structures of existing classrooms.
  • duplicate the structure of a classroom, little innovation is seen
  • pedagogy of oppression
  • discussion of participatory pedagogies
  • Learners are able to contribute to existing curricula.
  • Multiple perspectives, opinions, and active creation on the part of learners all contribute to the final content of the learner experience.
  • progressively rigid intellectual property laws or increased emphasis on learning outcomes
  • an attempt to create an educational system that recognizes the fluidity of learning and knowledge,
  • Questions shaping future directions
  • When a transition is made to networked models of learning, learners are able to form relationships with peers and experts from around
  • Content is not filtered according to the ideology of one professor.
  • MIT's OpenCourseWare
  • A fluid network of relationships
  • Accreditation is a value statement.
  • learner has sufficiently engaged with the knowledge of a domain to be worthy of a particular designation
  • Some prefer a high degree of social interaction, while others prefer a more individual approach.
  • The motivation of peer-contact and schedule of learning activities and events may provide critical support to ensure learners do not drop out of their
  • Existing services like Diigo[8], Amazon[9], Digg[10], and StumbleUpon[11] provide a glimpse of what a rating system might
  • brokering
  • funding model of universities relates to providing support for educators and i
  • societies to participate in the information and knowledge age. The critical challenges facing humanity are many. A highly connected and well educated populace appears to hold the greatest prospect for meeting these challenges.
    • Linda Raymond-Hagen
      Linda Raymond-Hagen on 28 Sep 15
       
      Why is there still large investments being made in brick and mortar and not alternative deliveries?
  • e primacy of the educator and the role of the learners as receptive agents
  • learning management systems
  • Subscription fees to
  • as a source of guidance
  • djplaner on 27 Aug 14
     
    Paper/presentation by Siemens talks about the difficulty of change and tries to develop a new view of teaching, learning and research. The abstract of the presentation is... "Since Illich's 1970 vision of learning webs, society has moved progressively closer to a networked world where content and conversations are continually at our finger tips and instruction and learning are not centered on the educator. The last decade of technological innovation - mobile phones, social media, software agents - has created new opportunities for learners. Learners are capable of forming global learning networks, creating permeable classroom walls. While networks have altered much of society, teaching, and learning, systemic change has been minimal. This presentation will explore how potential systemic responses leverage the transformative potential of connective knowledge and networked learning."
djplaner

European Journal of Open, Distance and E-Learning - 3 views

www.eurodl.org/?p=archives&year=2012&halfyear=2&article=523

distance bad set dejavu

shared by djplaner on 09 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • The three generations of technology enhanced teaching are cognitive/behaviourist, social constructivist and connectivist.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 09 Aug 14
       
      Note: 3 Generations of technology enhanced teaching 1. cognitive/behaviouralist 2. social constructivist 3. connectivist
    • djplaner
      djplaner on 06 Aug 15
       
      That prior note is not a great example of value adding - just repeating what was in the text.
  • tools can be used and optimized to enhance the different types of learning that are the focus of distance education theory and practice.
  • pedagogy and the technology must create an engaging and compelling dance
  • ...97 more annotations...
  • postal correspondence
  • three (or more) overlapping generations
  • mass media including television, radio and film.
  • interactive
  • Indeed, though the authors of this paper are not in complete agreement about this, it is possible to think of pedagogies (considered as the processes and methods used in an attempt to bring about learning) as technologies, integral parts of a technological assembly that must work together with all of the other technologies to bring about a successful outcome
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 10 Aug 14
       
      Note: Connection between technology and pedagogy
  • technologies evolve not through adaptation but by assembly, incorporating pieces of earlier designs
  • We will see that the ubiquitous capacity of the Internet is creating very profound opportunities for enhancing the effectiveness and efficiency of all three pedagogical models.
  • instructional designer
  • positivist research paradigms and methodologies.
  • From behaviourist pedagogy emerged the cognitive learning theories that focus on how processing within the individual brain effects comprehension, understanding, storage and retrieval of information. Cognitive pedagogies arose partially in response to a growing need to account for motivation, attitudes and mental barriers that may only be partially associated or demonstrated through observable behaviours – yet they are directly linked to learning effectiveness and efficiency.
  • empirical testing
  • Methods that relied on one-to-many and one-to-one communication were really the only sensible options because of the constraints of the surrounding technologies.
  • “scientific models”
  • that guided the development, application and assessment of learning.
  • CB-based distance education is often developed in the suggested order
  • The model begins with designers selecting instructional goals. Instructional designers identify goals in discussion with subject matter experts with an eye to finding deficiencies in learners’ behaviour that can be rectified by new learning.
  • This is particularly salient when applied to a new generation of large scale MOOCs (Massive Open Online Courses)
  • ext and usually multi-media learning content. The effort and cost of “developing and selecting instructional
  • creation of brainstorming lists of possible goals, documentation of subject matter priorities, flow charts, gathering of lists
  • Today each of the instructional design activities (see figure Figure 1) is enhanced by a host of Web 2.0 tools.
  • f primary use are distributed text tools such as Google Docs, DropBox and wikis
  • As importantly, collaborative work and negotiation is not confined to text. Collaborative graphic tools, concept and mind mapping tools allow graphic representations of ideas and processes.
  • Low cost distributed project management tools allow teams to design, create, produce and distribute content at costs much lower than in pre internet days.
  • gh quality content defines CB models of distance education, its effective management and control is extremely important
  • the capacity to re-use content created by others is compelling – if not without its challenges.
  • multiple ways of sharing content
  • blogs to Facebook to YouTube and content management systems
  • Perhaps of deeper concern is the reluctance of distance educators to consume and customize content already created by others.
  • Many content developers define and pride themselves on the production of quality content – not by the consumption and customization of works that they did not produce.
  • The final affordance of the net – with tremendous, if as yet little demonstrated capacity to improve CB distance education pedagogy – is learning analytics.
  • mining information about patterns of behaviour in order to extract useful information about learning which can then be applied to improve the experience.
  • In this model, CB pedagogy may be adapted to service the unique learning needs, style, capacity, motivation and goals of the individual learner.
  • strive to create instructional designs that change and morph in response to individual learner’s needs and behaviours.
  • Open Learning Models (Bull & Kay, 2010; Kay & Kummerfeld, 2006) increase learner control and understanding of the system. Open models can also be used by teachers and other support staff to better understand and respond to individual learner needs, although there are potential and as yet unresolved issues with making such models intuitive to understand and control effectivel
  • important source of data to constructing the model is the user’s current and past activities with content in the learning context.
  • data minin
  • data mining
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 10 Aug 14
       
      Note: Data mining provides an opportunity to identify patterns of student behaviour. This can be used to help teachers better tailor learning and resources to the student. I can see that online tools providing access to metadata, tools for running site-access reports, and and even tagging, might be relevant in this context.
  • From the brief examples above we can see how technologies and especially the Net afford multiple ways in which CB pedagogies and related instructional designs are enabled, enhanced and made more cost effective.
  • MOOCs
  • CB models are inherently focused on the individual learner. While there is a tradition of cognitive-constructivist thinking that hinges on personal construction of knowledge, largely developed by Piaget and his followers (Piaget, 1970), the roots of the constructivist model most commonly applied today spring from the work of Vygotsky (1978) and Dewey (1897), generally lumped together in the broad category of social constructivism.
  • groups of learners, learning together with and from one another.
  • Social-constructivism does not provide the detailed and prescriptive instructional design models and methodologies of CB driven distance education.
  • efines social constructivist learning contexts as places “where learners may work together and support each other as they use a variety of tools and information resources in their guided pursuit of learning goals and problem-solving activities
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 10 Aug 14
       
      "social constructivist learning contexts...places 'where learners may work together and support each other as they use a variety of tools and information resources in their guided pursuit of learning goals and problem-solving activities" Sounds a lot like the NGL course!
  • eachers do not merely transmit knowledge to be passively consumed by learners; rather, each learner constructs the means by which new knowledge is both created and integrated with existing knowledge.
  • New knowledge as building upon the foundation of previous learning Context in shaping learners’ knowledge development Learning as an active rather than passive process, Language and other social tools in constructing knowledge Metacognition and evaluation as a means to develop learners’ capacity to assess their own learning A learning environment that is learner-centred and recognises the importance of multiple perspectives Knowledge needing to be subject to social discussion, validation, and application in real world contexts (Honebein, 1996; Jonassen, 1991; Kanuka & Anderson, 1999).
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 10 Aug 14
       
      Note: Characteristics of Social Constructivism
  • learning is located in contexts and relationships rather than merely in the minds of individuals.
  • leave more room for negotiation about learning goals and activities among teachers and students.
  • less prescriptive
  • Social-constructivist models only began to gain a foothold in distance education when the technologies of many-to-many communication became widely available,
  • that being the loss of freedom associated with a commitment to meeting at a common time.
  • Time constraint issues are especially important to distance students, most of whom are juggling employment and family concerns in addition to their formal course work.
  • ata mining and learning analytics are not only used to support independent study based on CB models but are being utilized to support and enhance group work.
  • extract patterns and other information from the group logs and present it together with desired patterns to the people involved, so that they can interpret it, making use of their own knowledge of the group tasks and activities” (Perera et al., 2009).
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 10 Aug 14
       
      Example of using data mining and learning analytics with the group.
  • LMS Moodle
  • Standard Moodle analytics allow teachers to view contributions or activities of individual learners
  • Google Analytics
  • Constructivist pedagogies use the diversity of viewpoints, cultural experiences and the potential for divergent opinion that is best realized through interactions with group members from other cultures, languages and geographies.
  • Naturally, technological affordances of most relevance to constructivist pedagogies focus on tools to support effective establishment, operation and trust building within groups. The technologies that support rich social presence, including full range of audio, video and gestures, are associated with enhanced trust development and increasing sense of group commitment
  • connectivism
  • learning is the process of building networks of information, contacts, and resources that are applied to real problems.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 10 Aug 14
       
      connectivism = learning is the process of building networks of information, contacts, and resources that are applied to real problems.
  • communities of practice
  • Connectivist learning focuses on building and maintaining networked connections that are current and flexible enough to be applied to existing and emergent problems.
  • capacity to find, filter and apply knowledge when and where it is needed
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 10 Aug 14
       
      role of the learner is to have "capacity to find, filter and apply knowledge when and where it is needed"
  • The crowd can be a source of wisdom (Surowiecki, 2005) but can equally be a source of stupidity
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 10 Aug 14
       
      "The crowd can be a source of wisdom (Surowiecki, 2005) but can equally be a source of stupidity"....a nice reminder
  • iticism of connectivism as being merely an extension constructivist pedagogy and those who argue that it is not really a complete theory of learning nor of instruction
  • gain high levels of skill using personal learning networks that provide ubiquitous and on demand access to resources, individuals and groups of potential information and knowledge servers. The second is the focus on creation, as opposed to consumption, of information and knowledge resources.
  • Bloom’s (1956) cognitive taxonomy place creation at the highest level of cognitive processing
  • elies on the ubiquity of networked connections – between people, digital artefacts, and content, and thus can be described as a network centric pedagogy and thus may be the first native distance education pedagogy, without previous instantiation in classrooms.
  • Effective connectivist learning experiences demand that learners have the tools and the competencies necessary to effectively find, sort, evaluate, filter, reformat and publish content on the net.
  • hese capacities rely on effective tools, high skill levels and a developed sense of network efficacy.
  • individuals and groups are helped to create and continuously augment, adapt and use a personal learning environment (PLE)
  • second key defining characteristic of connectivist pedagogy is the import placed on creating, sharing and publishing learner artefacts.
  • Connectivist learning designs, like constructivist ones, often involve collaborative or cooperative work between many learners. However, contribution often grows beyond the group to further encourage collaboration across time and space.
  • eyond the tools of creation instantiated within a PLE is an understanding of the technical and legal means to distribute work, while maintaining appropriate privacy levels and not infringing on the copyright nor plagiarizing the work of others.
  • The only solution to the privacy dilemma is to let each student and teacher set the level of access that they feel is most appropriate for them and more explicitly for the nature of the content being distributed.
  • Privacy concerns are also being recognised by the social networking giants.
  • Connectivist designs also involve the discovery of and contribution to new learning communities.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 10 Aug 14
       
      connectivist pedagogy encourages contribution to new learning communities - make your work accessible to others!
  • Learners are encouraged to make themselves, their contributions and their personal learning environment accessible to others. T
  • create and rate bookmarked resources t
  • hat others find useful, document their learning accomplishments via blogs, and share their discoveries and insights via micro blog feeds. In this manner they create and sustain learning networks that begin at the course level, but grow and evolve as the course of studies ends.
  • the emphasis is far more on the individual’s connections with others than with group processes designed to enhance or engender learning.
  • arder to apply analytics than in the more contained contexts of CB and social constructivist models.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 10 Aug 14
       
      It is harder to apply analytics than with CB and social constructivist models.
  • There is no central course, few common materials, no central binding point where interactions can be observed apart from each individual learner.
  • edagogy is, at heart, entirely focused on the individual learner.
  • The bottom three of Blooms original levels of learning – acquiring knowledge, coming to understand something or some process and applying that knowledge to a context – are clearly within the domain of CB pedagogies.
  • Moving up to the analysis, synthesis and evaluation levels brings us to the need for social perspective. This is often acquired through group and networked interactions characteristic of constructivist and connectivist pedagogical models.
  • Creation can be entirely original or as is more usual, creation involves the building upon, reinterpretation and contextualized application of older ideas to new contexts. Creation, the highest level of cognitive functioning usually requires mastery of the lower levels but, in addition, requires at least a small flame of creativity and insight.
  • Obviously the focus of connectivism with its inherent demand for students to create and distribute for public review and augmentation, fits well with the final creation level of the revised taxonomy.
  • here are many domains of knowledge in which creation of new knowledge is of much less importance than remembering and being able to apply existing knowledge.
  • No single generation has provided all the answers, and each has built on foundations provided by its predecessors rather than replacing the earlier prototype (Ireland, 2007).
  • As new technological affordances open up, it becomes possible to explore and capitalize on different aspects of the learning process.
  • For each mode of engagement, different types of knowledge, learning, and contexts must be applied.
  • students be skilled and informed to select the best mix(es) of both pedagogy and technology.
  • from the student-content interactions of cognitive-behaviourist models to the critical role of student–student interaction in constructivism, and finally, to the deeply networked student–content-teacher interrelationship celebrated in connectivist pedagogie
  • which students become teachers and teachers become students,
  • Connectivism is built to some degree on an assumption of a constructivist model of learning, with the learner at the centre, connecting and constructing knowledge in a context that includes not only external networks and groups but also their own histories and predilections.
  • he late Boston scholar Father Stanley Bezuska assembled a series of humorous quotes (see http://www.slideshare.net/committedsardine/funny-predictions-throughout-history) illustrating the doomsday predictions of teachers as they have been forced to deal with educational technologies.
    • djplaner
      djplaner on 06 Aug 15
       
      This particular set of quotes has since been identified as a hoax - but an illustrative one. http://boston1775.blogspot.com.au/2014/05/the-myth-of-students-today-depend-on.html
  • djplaner on 06 Aug 15
     
    One of the readings from the course. Sharing it now as a little experiment in sharing annotations. In theory, if you view this page, you should be able to see the bits that I've highlighted and shared with the group.
muzedujourney

Flip This: Bloom's Taxonomy Should Start with Creating | MindShift - 0 views

blogs.kqed.org/...omy-should-start-with-creating

bloomstaxonomy Blooms taxonomy creativity flipped classroom education creating bloom

shared by muzedujourney on 08 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • muzedujourney on 08 Aug 14
     
    Interesting article about reorganising Blooms taxonomy to start with creating and finish with knowledge
djplaner

Wearable technology | rebeccaedu8117 - 1 views

rebeccawhiteedu8117.wordpress.com/...wearable-technology

distributedCognition

shared by djplaner on 13 Oct 15 - No Cached
  • djplaner on 13 Oct 15
     
    Wanted to highlight this from Rebecca to make a point about broadening concepts of NGL. It's about making connections with technologies and without. Often this is interpreted as people creating information for others, or consuming information created by others. Wearable technologies - especially of the type talked about by Rebecca - provide connections to information in a way previously much more difficult. But they can also be used to scaffold learning. e.g. the "learning to run 5Km" app that Rebecca talks about in her previous post. Suggesting a possible way to break out of the LMS and social media into a very different type of network learning.
paul_size

Personal Learning Networks: Using the Power of Connections to Transform Education: Will... - 3 views

www.amazon.com/...ref=as_li_ss_til

nglpeople learning

shared by paul_size on 15 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • paul_size on 15 Sep 14
     
    Review Will Richardson and Rob Mancabelli have created an essential book for educators, students, and anyone concerned about the future of education. Personal Learning Networks provides the perspectives and the processes we need to use personal learning networks to become educated, empowered and ready for the global economy. --Jason Ohler, Professor Emeritus, Educational Technology, University of Alaska, Juneau This book presents an innovative, comprehensive strategy for reinventing education to meet the needs of 21st century students and society. Much more than familiar rhetoric on what is wrong with education, the authors provide a compelling vision for education as it could and should be and a road map to help get us there. Mancabelli & Will Richardson have provided us with a step-by-step guide to create globally-connected classrooms, implement powerful project-based curriculum, and introduce our students to tools and technologies with transformative potential. --Angela Maiers, President of Maiers Educational Services, Clive, Iowa This book is chock-full of useful information and highlights numerous practitioners who are walking the walk. A fantastic resource for administrators, teachers, policymakers, and others who are trying to lead their organizations into the digital, global world in which we now live. --Scott McLeod, Director at UCEA Center for Advanced Study of Technical Leadership in Education, Ames, Iowa
Linda Raymond-Hagen

Social Sciences | Free Full-Text | On the Design of Social Media for Learning - 3 views

www.mdpi.com/378

shared by Linda Raymond-Hagen on 11 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • djplaner on 11 Sep 14
     
    Another article from Dron and Anderson extending some of the earlier work. Abstract follows. Is explicitly intended to help "design learning activities that make most effective use of the technologies" This paper presents two conceptual models that we have developed for understanding ways that social media can support learning. One model relates to the "social" aspect of social media, describing the different ways that people can learn with and from each other, in one or more of three social forms: groups, networks and sets. The other model relates to the 'media' side of social media, describing how technologies are constructed and the roles that people play in creating and enacting them, treating them in terms of softness and hardness. The two models are complementary: neither provides a complete picture but, in combination, they help to explain how and why different uses of social media may succeed or fail and, as importantly, are intended to help us design learning activities that make most effective use of the technologies. We offer some suggestions as to how media used to support different social forms can be softened and hardened for different kinds of learning applications.
  • Linda Raymond-Hagen on 27 Sep 15
     
    This paper presents two conceptual models that we have developed for understanding ways that social media can support learning. One model relates to the "social" aspect of social media, describing the different ways that people can learn with and from each other, in one or more of three social forms: groups, networks and sets. The other model relates to the 'media' side of social media, describing how technologies are constructed and the roles that people play in creating and enacting them, treating them in terms of softness and hardness. The two models are complementary: neither provides a complete picture but, in combination, they help to explain how and why different uses of social media may succeed or fail and, as importantly, are intended to help us design learning activities that make most effective use of the technologies. We offer some suggestions as to how media used to support different social forms can be softened and hardened for different kinds of learning applications.
djplaner

ABC: 10 reasons NOT to create a course and 10 other options « Learning in the... - 2 views

www.c4lpt.co.uk/...-creat-a-course-and-10-options

bimtpack ltngl

shared by djplaner on 30 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • djplaner on 30 Aug 14
     
    Suport for embedding PD in BIM and perhaps some ideas about how to do it.
  • djplaner on 30 Aug 14
     
    Short blog post that might be especially relevant to those of you who working in roles where you are helping other employees perform a job. Gives 10 reasons why you shouldn't create a course and some options for doing something different.
thaleia66

The Role of the Educator | Stephen Downes - 1 views

www.huffingtonpost.com/...-of-the-educator_b_790937.html

shared by thaleia66 on 11 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • The problem with focusing on the role of the teacher, from my perspective, is that it misses the point.
  • We continue to expect educators to play an active role in learning, but it has become more difficult to characterize exactly what that role may be.
  • students need prototypes on which to model their own work
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • We begin by copying successful practice, and then begin to modify that practice to satisfy our own particular circumstances and needs
  • In addition to being expert in the discipline of teaching and pedagogy, the educator is now expected to have up-to-date and relevant knowledge and experience in it. Even a teacher of basic disciplines such as science, history or mathematics must remain grounded, as no discipline has remained stable for very long, and all disciplines require a deeper insight in order to be taught effectively.
  • What's significant about these examples is not so much the new opportunities they offer students, though there is that. It's that all of them redefine the educator's role in some significant way. They create entirely new categories of educator, such as "online lecturer" or "scientist studying polar bears". Entire disciplines, far removed from traditional "instructional design", are being created and populated by people who direct online videos, design learning communities, program massive games like Evoke. And they create new categories of roles and responsibilities for in-person educators.
  • Historically, it has been impractical to break up the roles of the teacher. You need a certain scale even to have a separate person assigned as a librarian or an audio-visual coordinator. You need a much greater scale, not to mention much better coordination, to have separate people assigned as lecturers, coaches, theorizers and evaluators. Yet relatively few of these roles need to be performed in person, and most of them scale pretty well.
  • what I find as I offer more and more types and instances of learning, both online and in person, is that we can achieve much more efficient, effective and rewarding learning by organizing the educational system according to the sorts of educational services people might want and need, rather than by predefined collections of students assigned, almost randomly, to individual teachers
  • one thing I have been observing is that educators have been gravitating toward one or another of these 23 roles. Some of them, presumably the more extroverted, have taken on the role of lecturer or demonstrator. Others, who were perhaps more technically inclined, have become programmers or bureaucrats. Still others, those perhaps work best with presence or human contact, prefer to function as coaches or mentors. Not everybody can perform every role; not everybody wants to perform every role.
  • it is frustrating when people identify the role of the teacher as the central factor influencing the success or failure of a student's education. Leaving aside any influence of external factors, such a statement begs us to question what aspect of the educator's role it is that is so vitally important. And while the likely answer may be that they all are, or that it depends on the individual student, it seems clear that continuing to treat them as a single role, to be performed by a single person, increasingly defies the reality that is today's educational system
  • Though there may still be thousands of people employed today with the job title of "teacher" or "educator", it is misleading to suggests that all, or even most, aspects of providing an education should, or could, be placed into the hands of these individuals.
  • not every student wants or needs the services of every role
Trevor Haddock

A Vision of K-12 Students Today - YouTube - 0 views

www.youtube.com/watch

digital_natives youtube

shared by Trevor Haddock on 09 Nov 12 - No Cached
  • Trevor Haddock on 09 Nov 12
     
    This project was created to inspire teachers to use technology in engaging ways to help students develop higher level thinking skills. Equally important, it serves to motivate district level leaders to provide teachers with the tools and training to do so.
thaleia66

Heutagogy and lifelong learning: A review of heutagogical practice and self-determined ... - 1 views

www.irrodl.org/...2087

shared by thaleia66 on 30 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • Pedagogical, even andragogical, educational methods are no longer fully sufficient in preparing learners for thriving in the workplace, and a more self-directed and self-determined approach is needed, one in which the learner reflects upon what is learned and how it is learned and in which educators teach learners how to teach themselves (Peters, 2001, 2004; Kamenetz, 2010).
  • Heutagogy is of special interest to distance education, which shares with heutagogy certain key attributes, such as learner autonomy and self-directedness, and has pedagogical roots in adult teaching and learning.
  • Distance education and heutagogy also have in common the same audience: mature adult learners.
  • ...19 more annotations...
  • Web 2.0 design supports a heutagogical approach by allowing learners to direct and determine their learning path and by enabling them to take an active rather than passive role in their individual learning experiences. Key affordances of social media – connectivity with others, information discovery and sharing (individually and as a group), and personal collection and adaptation of information as required – are also affordances that support self-determined learning activities (McLoughlin & Lee, 2007, p. 667). In addition, Web 2.0 encourages interaction, reflection in dialogue, collaboration, and information sharing, as well as promotes autonomy and supports creation of learner-generated content (Lee & McLoughlin, 2007; McLoughlin & Lee, 2008, 2010).
  • A key attribute of andragogy is self-directed learning
  • Within transformational learning, learning occurs along a self-directed path; as the learner matures and reflects on life experiences in relation to his or her self-perception, beliefs, and lifestyle, the learner perspective is adjusted and transformative learning can occur
  • The role of the educator in an andragogical approach is that of tutor and mentor, with the instructor supporting the learner in developing the capacity to become more self-directed in his or her learning. The instructor shows learners how to find information, relates information to the learner experience, and places a focus on problem-solving within real-world situations (McAuliffe et al., 2008). Instructors establish objectives and curriculum based on learner input and guide students along the learner path, while the responsibility for learning lies with the learner.
  • Heutagogy applies a holistic approach to developing learner capabilities, with learning as an active and proactive process, and learners serving as “the major agent in their own learning, which occurs as a result of personal experiences”
  • As in an andragogical approach, in heutagogy the instructor also facilitates the learning process by providing guidance and resources, but fully relinquishes ownership of the learning path and process to the learner, who negotiates learning and determines what will be learned and how it will be learned (Hase & Kenyon, 2000; Eberle, 2009).
  • The heutagogical approach can be viewed as a progression from pedagogy to andragogy to heutagogy, with learners likewise progressing in maturity and autonomy (Canning, 2010, see Figure 2).
  • More mature learners require less instructor control and course structure and can be more self-directed in their learning, while less mature learners require more instructor guidance and course scaffolding (Canning & Callan, 2010; Kenyon & Hase, 2010).
  • In an andragogical approach to teaching and learning, learners are actively involved in identifying their needs and planning on how those needs will be met
  • learners are self-directed to continue to learn on their own and “can personalize their learning paths in the way they desire
  • Recent research also indicates that the use of social media can support self-determined learning.
  • Learner-generated content (active media use): Active use of social media in creating learner-generated content seems to contribute to development of skills of self-directedness. Initial research findings by Blaschke, Porto, and Kurtz (2010) indicate that active use of social media, for example, development of learner-generated content, supports cognitive and metacognitive skill development, whereas passive use (consumption) is less effective in supporting development of these skills.
  • Research on the use of social media and its role in supporting heutagogy is limited, however, indicating that this is an area for further investigation.
  • A heutagogical approach to learning and teaching is characterized first and foremost by learner-centeredness in terms of both learner-generated contexts and content.
  • Guiding learners to define self-directed questions is one of the biggest challenges facing developers of heutagogical courses, as designers must be “creative enough to have learners ask questions about the universe they inhabit”
  • Negotiated and learner-defined assessment has been shown to improve the motivation of learners and their involvement in the learning process, as well as make learners feel less threatened by instructor control of their learning process
  • Heutagogy’s holistic approach takes into account the learner’s prior learning experiences and the way in which these influence how she or he learns; by considering these past experiences and the learner’s current experience and reflecting upon these, the learner moves into a growth process that has the potential to lead to transformative learning
  • The literature review conducted here indicates that there is substantial work to be done in researching heutagogy within this research construct, for example examination of the means in which Web 2.0 and social media support a self-determined teaching and learning approach, and investigation of the effectiveness of the approach in higher education and in creating lifelong learners able to effectively and successfully translate competencies into capability in complex, real-world situations. Another area of research includes defining and testing criteria for heutagogy as a framework for teaching and learning.
  • By incorporating heutagogical practice, educators have the opportunity to better prepare students for the workplace and for becoming lifelong learners, as well as to foster student motivation by cultivating students who “are fully engaged in the topic they are studying because they are making choices that are most relevant or interesting to them” (Kenyon & Hase, 2010, p. 170).
djplaner

Students in Free Online Courses Form Groups to Study and Socialize - Wired Campus - The... - 1 views

chronicle.com/...38887

mooc highered

shared by djplaner on 22 Aug 12 - No Cached
  • djplaner on 22 Aug 12
     
    Describing some methods being used to create communication/socialisation opportunities in MOOCs.
paul_size

Educators as Social Networked Learners | User Generated Education - 3 views

usergeneratededucation.wordpress.com/...s-as-social-networked-learners

nglpeople

shared by paul_size on 02 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • paul_size on 02 Sep 14
     
    A nice blog about another Social Networked Learning course being run at Boise State University.  This course explores collaborative and emergent pedagogies, tools, and theory related to the use of social networks in learning environments. Participants gain hands-on experience with a variety social networking tools, create their own personal learning networks, and have an opportunity to develop a MOOC-inspired course for their learners.
djplaner

Critique of Connectivism - PhD Wiki - 1 views

sites.google.com/...critique-of-connectivism

issues

shared by djplaner on 01 Sep 15 - No Cached
  • djplaner on 01 Sep 15
     
    A collection of critiques of connectivism (more as a theory than anything else) written as part of a PhD thesis. One of the readings for week 7 (at least in 2015) and one of the list of "issues" links I'm (overdue in) creating.
sharonngl

20 Tips for Creating a Professional Learning Network - InformED : - 2 views

www.opencolleges.edu.au/...-professional-learning-network

Itngl

shared by sharonngl on 16 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • anonymous on 16 Aug 14
     
    An article providing some useful tips for setting up network for professionals.
  • sharonngl on 06 Sep 15
     
    A way forward for educators who want to develop their skill and incorporate networks into their teaching
djplaner

Beyond Assessment - Recognizing Achievement in a Networked World ~ Stephen's Web - 1 views

www.downes.ca/344

ltngl

shared by djplaner on 28 Aug 14 - No Cached
  • djplaner on 28 Aug 14
     
    Presentation from Stephen Downes - abstract follows ePortfolios and Open Badges are only the first wave in what will emerge as a wider network-based form of assessment that makes tests and reviews unnecessary. In this talk I discuss work being done in network-based automated competency development and recognition, the challenges it presents to traditional institutions, and the opportunities created for genuinely autonomous open learning.
anonymous

Why Do Americans Love to Blame Teachers? - The Atlantic - 1 views

www.theatlantic.com/...379403

shared by anonymous on 06 Sep 14 - No Cached
  • America hates teachers.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 06 Sep 14
       
      This is so true and incredibly demoralising. I saw many teachers go down because of it.
  • programs like Teach for America are promoted as a kind of missionary calling, in which young fresh-faced college graduates replace lazy, stubborn, unionized teachers.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 06 Sep 14
       
      I have always said that teaching is treated like a "calling," almost like women are nuns and they devote their lives to it. 
  • That single class of people is then systematically demonized, as politicians and pundits present "worst of the worst" cases as emblematic of the whole.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 06 Sep 14
       
      This occurs in every industry but particularly so in industries that are less powerful.
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • In fact, I think you could argue (though Goldstein does not quite) that moral panics do more than demonize a group of people. They serve in part to create a group of people—to delimit or describe a particular identity and mark it as deviant.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 06 Sep 14
       
      This reporter is smarter than your average bear!
  • Moral panics create identities in order to regulate them.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 06 Sep 14
       
      Holy schmoly, a moral panic increases regulation, of course
  • value-added measures all have a wide margin of error, and are quite sensitive to manipulation (such as teaching to the test).
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 06 Sep 14
       
      I have definitely seen this.
  • the good teacher/bad teacher dichotomy is predicated on the idea that the bad teachers are already in place and must be driven out by the good teachers. The dream, from Beecher to today, seems to be that if only our schools could get rid of the career educators and install angels instead, the millennium would arrive.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 06 Sep 14
       
      Lol, but very true!
  • long-term profession
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 06 Sep 14
       
      In my experience most teachers did treat it as a long term profession, some being so demoralised that they did not leave due to a lack of self belief.
  • more responsibilities
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 06 Sep 14
       
      More responsibilities is good but not in addition to. 
  • There are bad accountants, but we don't define "accountant" as an identity to be policed in order to solve our nation’s economic woes. There are bad doctors, but even at a time when medical malpractice suits are frequent, the idea of replacing doctors isn’t at the center health care reform.
    • anonymous
      anonymous on 06 Sep 14
       
      Very true, I find this most annoying for teachers.
  • anonymous on 06 Sep 14
     
    I'd be interested to see what any of you think about this issue. It was something that bothered me as a high school teacher.
paul_size

shelflife records - 0 views

www.shelflife.com

nglpeople NGLtools

shared by paul_size on 07 Sep 14 - Cached
  • paul_size on 07 Sep 14
     
    Shelflife, the tool Harvard's Library Lab has created to allow users to browse the vast set of information in Harvard's library systems.
anonymous

Help on creating separate pages for your blog - 3 views

This is a helpful resource and the site is great for continued development of wordpress blogsrolls. Thanks Paul.

blog help

started by paul_size on 31 Jul 14 1 follow-up, last by anonymous on 03 Aug 14
djplaner

Home - Quora - 1 views

www.quora.com

communities

shared by djplaner on 16 Jul 14 - Cached
  • djplaner on 16 Jul 14
     
    Quora is one example of using community/networked learning etc to create value/knowledge.
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