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Near field communication (NFC) is a set of standards for smartphones and similar devices to establish radio communication with each other by touching them together or bringing them into close proximity, usually no more than a few centimetres. Present and anticipated applications include contactless transactions, data exchange, and simplified setup of more complex communications such as Wi-Fi.[1] Communication is also possible between an NFC device and an unpowered NFC chip, called a "tag".[2]

NFC standards cover communications protocols and data exchange formats, and are based on existing radio-frequency identification (RFID) standards including ISO/IEC 14443 and FeliCa.[3] The standards include ISO/IEC 18092[4] and those defined by the NFC Forum, which was founded in 2004 by Nokia, Philips and Sony, and now has more than 160 members. The Forum also promotes NFC and certifies device compliance.[5

Unlicensed Mobile Access ou UMA est une technique qui a pour objectif de remplacer la couche physique des réseaux GSM et GPRS par des bandes de fréquences libres d'utilisation, celles des 2,4 GHz, ou l'on trouve Bluetooth et Wi-Fi entre autres. Elle a été développée par un consortium d'entreprises nommé UMAC comptant entre autres Alcatel, Cingular, Ericsson, Motorola, Nokia, Nortel, Siemens, T-Mobile et Kineto Wireless. L'objectif ultime de l'UMA est de faire converger les protocoles de communications des téléphones mobiles, fixe et informatiques.