Ms. Thornborrow4thHourComposition

scientists have shown that people who believed they were under the influence of alcohol were both more suggestible and more adamant about the accuracy of their eyewitness testimony compared to people who knew they were drinking water.

Seema Assefi and Dr. Maryanne Garry,

memory can be affected by an alcohol placebo-in other words, by fake alcohol

A study was conducted where some subjects were given doses of alcohol, while others were given a placebo mimic. Both groups showed signs of drunkenness. When there was a suggestion that alcohol was in their system, that knowledge created a drunk-behavious from those that were not actually drunk.

The materials uses for this experiment were four water bottles, 31 plastic cups and a questionaire.  The four water bottles used were : Aquafina, Dasani, Poland Springs and tap water. The tap water was in a  plain bottle with no label, and gave off a yellowish colour. The catch was that all of the other bottles has the same tap water filled inside. However, the appearance of the brand names of the water bottles did not change.

were told to rank each water from 1-10, 10 being the highest. When the brand named water was being served, they were told sepcific information about each brand.

But attitudes are shifting, even in conventional medical circles

esearchers have also used brain scans and other technologies to show that there may be a physiological explanation for the placebo effect in many cases

But more important is the growing recognition that what we call the placebo effect may involve changes in brain chemistry

Edward Joseph "Ed" Snowden is an American computer professional who leaked classified information from the National Security Agency, starting in June 2013. A former system administrator for the Central Intelligence Agency and a counterintelligence trainer at the Defense Intelligence Agency, he later worked for the private intelligence contractor Dell inside an NSA outpost in Japan. In March 2013, he joined the consulting firm Booz Allen Hamilton inside the NSA center in Hawaii. In June 2013, he came to international attention after disclosing to several media outlets thousands of classified documents that he acquired while working as an NSA contractor for Dell and Booz Allen Hamilton. Snowden's leaked documents revealed numerous global surveillance programs, many of them run by the NSA and the Five Eyes with the cooperation of telecommunication companies and European governments. A subject of controversy, Snowden has been variously called a hero, a whistleblower, a dissident, a patriot, and a traitor. His disclosures have fueled debates over mass surveillance, government secrecy, and the balance between national security and information privacy. Two court rulings since the initial leaks have split on the constitutionality of the NSA's bulk collection of telephone metadata.

In particular, saline injections can dampen pain if a person has recently received shots of morphine, a powerful analgesic, and has thereby associated such injections with pain relief.

According to the prohibited drugs list of the World Anti-Doping Agency, morphine is illegal during athletic competition but not during training.

nurses tend to spend more time in direct contact with patients than physicians do

the ability of nurses to affect the perceived quality of care is becoming more significant.

how big an impact nursing has on a hospital’s culture