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Contents contributed and discussions participated by andrewzachman

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Color and shape of pills affects how patients feel about their medication -- ScienceDaily - 0 views

www.sciencedaily.com/...101115110959.htm
shared by andrewzachman on 02 Dec 14 - No Cached
  • ccording to recent research the color, shape, taste and even name of a tablet or pill can have an effect on how patients feel about their medication.
  • Choose an appropriate combination and the placebo effect gives the pill a boost, improves outcomes and might even reduce side effects.
  • Strangely, they found that 14 percent of people think of pink tablets as tasting sweeter than red tablets whereas a yellow tablet is perceived as salty irrespective of its actual ingredients. 11% thought of white or blue tablets as tasting bitter and 10% said orange-colored tablets were sour.
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  • "Patients undergo a sensory experience every time they self-administer a drug, whether it's swallowing a tablet or capsule, chewing a tablet, swallowing a liquid, or applying a cream or ointment," the team says.
  • "The ritual involving perceptions can powerfully affect a patient's view of treatment effectiveness." The researchers suggest that it might be possible to ensure that all the sensory elements of given
  • They point out, however, that surprisingly little attention has been paid to this aspect of pharmaceutical formulation.
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Placebo Effect - 0 views

www.cancer.org/...placebo-effect
shared by andrewzachman on 19 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • A placebo (pluh-see-bow) is a substance or other kind of treatment that looks just like a regular treatment or medicine, but is not. It’s actually an inactive “look-alike” treatment or substance. This means it’s not a medicine.
  • Sometimes the placebo is in the form of a “sugar pill,” but a placebo can also be an injection, a liquid, or even a procedure. It’s designed to look like a real treatment, but doesn’t directly affect the illness.
  • placebos seem to affect how people feel. This happens in up to 1 out of 3 people. A change in a person’s symptoms as a result of getting a placebo is called the placebo effect
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  • If there’s no approved treatment for an illness or condition, some people in the study may be given a placebo, while others get the new treatment being tested. The main reason to have a placebo group is to be sure that any effects that happen are actually caused by the treatment and not some other factor.
  • The placebo looks, tastes, or feels just like the actual treatment
  • The placebo control makes it possible to “blind” patients and doctors to what treatment they’re getting. This is called a double-blind controlled study, and neither the volunteers taking part in the study nor their doctors know who’s getting which treatment
  • It’s more likely in studies that require patient reporting for symptoms like depression, sleeplessness, or pain.
  • Those who get placebos in medical studies serve an important role. Their responses help provide a good way to measure the actual effect of the treatment being tested
  • For instance, illnesses that sometimes go away on their own might be thought to get better because of the medicine, unless there’s a placebo group and those people get better too.
  • In the past, some researchers have questioned whether there’s convincing proof that the placebo effect is a real effect
  • The expectation effect
  • The conditioning effect
  • The nocebo effect
  • any ancient cultures depended on mind-body connections to treat illness.
  • But their healing powers may have worked partly through the patient’s strong belief that the shaman’s treatments would restore health.
  • Because placebos often have an effect, even if the effect doesn’t last long, some people think that the placebo produced a cure.
  • If the patient believes in the treatment and wants it to work,
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Dummy-Drug Doping? - Scientific American - 0 views

www.scientificamerican.com/...dummy-drug-doping
shared by andrewzachman on 19 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • In particular, saline injections can dampen pain if a person has recently received shots of morphine, a powerful analgesic, and has thereby associated such injections with pain relief.
  • According to the prohibited drugs list of the World Anti-Doping Agency, morphine is illegal during athletic competition but not during training.
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Putting the placebo effect to work - Harvard Health Publications - 0 views

www.health.harvard.edu/...ing-the-placebo-effect-to-work
shared by andrewzachman on 19 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • But attitudes are shifting, even in conventional medical circles
  • esearchers have also used brain scans and other technologies to show that there may be a physiological explanation for the placebo effect in many cases
  • But more important is the growing recognition that what we call the placebo effect may involve changes in brain chemistry
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  • f an intervention is believed to help a condition, a certain percentage of people who receive it will experience some benefit
  • How large a percentage varies tremendously and depends on the condition, the strength of belief, the subjectivity of the response, and many other factors
  • patients believe can help ease their suffering and distress.
  • The placebo effect of the sham acupuncture needles was impressive: 44% of those treated with just the sham needles reported relief from their IBS problems. When sham acupuncture was combined with attentive, empathetic interaction with the acupuncturist, the placebo effect got even larger, with 62% reporting relief from their IBS wo
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Outside of Medicine | The Placebo Effect - 0 views

allabouttheplaceboeffect.wordpress.com/outside-of-medicine
shared by andrewzachman on 19 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • A study was conducted where some subjects were given doses of alcohol, while others were given a placebo mimic. Both groups showed signs of drunkenness. When there was a suggestion that alcohol was in their system, that knowledge created a drunk-behavious from those that were not actually drunk.
  • The materials uses for this experiment were four water bottles, 31 plastic cups and a questionaire.  The four water bottles used were : Aquafina, Dasani, Poland Springs and tap water. The tap water was in a  plain bottle with no label, and gave off a yellowish colour. The catch was that all of the other bottles has the same tap water filled inside. However, the appearance of the brand names of the water bottles did not change.
  • were told to rank each water from 1-10, 10 being the highest. When the brand named water was being served, they were told sepcific information about each brand.
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  • plain bottles recieved the lowest score of a 5.26 average.
  • Of the 31 students, only 2 realized that the water was the same.
  • 93.5%  of the participants tasted a difference, providing susceptible to the placebo effect. Participants gave very high cores to certain brands, however, it was the same tap water just simply in a fany packaged bottle.
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American Psychological Society: Study Finds that Alcohol Placebo Impairs Memory - 0 views

www.psychologicalscience.org/...pr021224.cfm
shared by andrewzachman on 19 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • scientists have shown that people who believed they were under the influence of alcohol were both more suggestible and more adamant about the accuracy of their eyewitness testimony compared to people who knew they were drinking water.
  • Seema Assefi and Dr. Maryanne Garry,
  • memory can be affected by an alcohol placebo-in other words, by fake alcohol
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  • 148 undergraduate students were split into two groups, half told they were getting a vodka tonic and the others told they were getting only tonic water.
  • all were getting plain tonic.
  • We found people who thought they were intoxicated were more suggestible and made worse eyewitnesses in comparison to those who thought they were sober.
  • In fact the 'vodka and tonic' students acted drunk, some even showing physical signs of intoxication
  • many were amazed that they had only received plain tonic, insisting that they had felt drunk at the time."
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