Will Advances in Technology Create a Jobless Future? | MIT Technology Review - 0 views
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OECD warns that income inequality is now undermining economic growth.
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high school diploma
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isolate the specific impact of technology
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globalization
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economic growth
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access to education
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tax policies
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partial, explanation for the decline of the middle class
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increasing number of well-paying jobs requiring sophisticated technology skills
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much of the workforce is feeling squeezed.
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long-term trends that began decades ago,
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job polarization
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most harshly affected people in their 20s
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an economic transformation that is unique in history
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better medicine
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wonderful
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devastating
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those not in a position to reap the financial benefits
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Many economists see little convincing evidence that advances in technology will be responsible for a net decrease in the number of jobs, or that what we’re undergoing is any different from earlier transitions when technology destroyed some jobs but improved employment opportunities over time
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inherently different
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technological breakthroughs
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jobless future
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driverless cars
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3-D printing
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guaranteed basic income
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Milton Friedman
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Friedrich Hayek
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libertarian
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safety net with minimum government involvement
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progressive
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supplements other programs to help the poor
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Allowing a large number of workers to become irrelevant in the technology-centric economy would be a huge waste of human talent and ambition
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enormous financial burden on society
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how even today’s automation is affecting employment
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impact of industrial robots on manufacturing
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increase the productivity of the factories
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no evidence that the robots reduced total employment
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impossible to accurately predict the effects of future advances
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wild speculation
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great potential for nanotech in areas such as clean energy
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ignores the rules of chemistry and physics
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scared our children
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our future in the real world
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there will be no such monster as the self-replicating mechanical nanobot of your dreams.
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Speculating about such far-fetched possibilities is a distraction in thinking about how to address future concerns, much less existing job woes.
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not only summarize the content but extract a “narrative” from it
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readable
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likely to improve
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not seen a massive impact on white-collar jobs
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cofounder of the company
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Short-term and medium-term, [AI] will displace work but not necessarily jobs
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free to work at the top of their game.
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access to massive amounts of data
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not breakthroughs in AI
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magical rhetoric
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temper our expectations
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the trajectory of technological progress is not inevitable
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choices
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governments
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consumers
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businesses
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which technologies get researched and commercialized and how they are used.
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ncome inequality
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back burner of mainstream economics.
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Piketty’s
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made inequality the hottest topic in economics
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innovation in a form that increases the employability of workers.”
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governments choose
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research to fund
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businesses decide
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technologies to use
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inevitably
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influencing jobs and income distribution
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we will be aware of what is happening
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productivity
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output given a certain amount of labor and capital
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it makes sense to use less and less human labor
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Starbucks
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Consumers often prefer people and the services humans provide.
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Apple stores
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countless swarming employees armed with iPads and iPhone
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compelling alternative to a future of robo-retail
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choice in how we use technology
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winning strategy
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army of tech-savvy sales employees toting digital gadgets
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ovel shopping experience
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car service Uber
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role in increasing inequality
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effects are not inevitable
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government
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business
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consumer
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Krugman
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gods of technology
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social constructs
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earlier technology transitions
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suffering and upheaval
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Stiglitz
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Great Depression
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mechanization
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manufacturing boom
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painful transition
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service-based
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Those who are inventing the technologies
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automation
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productivity
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a new problem to innovate around
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keep people engaged
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AI can do most things better than most people
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grand challenge for engineers.”
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choose to embrace
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public transportation systems
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more safe,
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convenient
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energy efficient
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fill the highways
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much-needed investments
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education
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infrastructure
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biotechnology
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energy
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the best bulwark against sluggish job creation is economic growth
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innovative service-intensive businesses
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rebuilding our infrastructure and education systems.
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“labor-light” economy
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genius of capitalism
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benefited from them disproportionately
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Licklider
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on line interactive communities
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privilege or right
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intelligence amplification
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discontinuity in the spectrum of intellectual opportunity.”
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give more people access
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benefit from the wealth new technology creates
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more people need to “own the robots.”
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owns the capital
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robots and AI inevitably replace many jobs
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boost their productivity
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increase both their earnings and their leisure
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increasingly wealthy society
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restore the middle-class dream
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driven technological ambition and economic growth.