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Biological invasions often result from transfers of organisms during trade activities. In coastal ecosystems, commercial ships are a dominant source of species transfers globally, and ships' ballast water (BW) is a major focus of biosecurity management and policy to reduce invasions. While trade drives shipping patterns, diverse vessel types and behaviors exist such that the quantitative relationship between trade and BW dynamics is still poorly resolved, limiting both science and management. Here, we evaluated a new method to predict BW discharge using trade data, by explicitly considering known BW practices according to vessel and commodity type. Specifically, we estimated the relationship between tonnage of overseas exports and BW discharge volume for San Francisco Bay (SFB), California, as a model system to demonstrate this approach. Using extensive datasets on shipborne exports and BW discharge, we (a) evaluated spatial and temporal patterns across nearly 20 ports in this estuary from 2006 to 2014 and (b) developed a predictive model to estimate overseas BW discharge volume from foreign export tonnage for the whole estuary. Although vessel arrivals in SFB remained nearly constant from 2006 to 2014, associated tonnage of exported commodities more than doubled and BW discharge more than tripled. Increased BW volume resulted from increased frequency and per capita discharge of bulk carriers from Asia and tankers from western Central America and Hawaii, reflecting shifts in direction of commodity movement. The top 11 export commodities (59% of total export tonnage) were transported on bulk carriers or tankers. In a multivariate linear model, annual tonnage of these top 11 export commodities by vessel type were strong predictors of total bay-wide overseas BW discharge (adjusted R2 = 0.92), creating the potential to estimate past or future BW delivery in SFB. Bulk export tonnage provides valuable insights into BW flux, since most BW discharge to ports is driven by

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agricultural products manufacturers,agricultural products exporters,Indian agricultural products,India,agricultural products manufacturer,agricultural products exporter,agricultural products supplier,manufacturers directory,exporters directory,suppliers directory

agricultural products manufacturers,agricultural products exporters,Indian agricultural products,India,agricultural products manufacturer,agricultural products exporter,agricultural products supplier,manufacturers directory,exporters directory,suppliers directory

agricultural products manufacturers,agricultural products exporters,Indian agricultural products,India,agricultural products manufacturer,agricultural products exporter,agricultural products supplier,manufacturers directory,exporters directory,suppliers directory

agricultural products manufacturers,agricultural products exporters,Indian agricultural products,India,agricultural products manufacturer,agricultural products exporter,agricultural products supplier,manufacturers directory,exporters directory,suppliers directory

Shijiazhuang Paerpu Import and Export Trading Co.,Ltd. is the subsidiary of Hebei Boersen Photoelectric Equipment Technology Co.,Ltd. Mainly engaged in sale and export products.

Coal firms plead to courts, TRUMP for West Coast export terminals.

Indonesia is considering deploying sea marshals onboard coal-exporting tugs and barges as it prioritizes strengthening security for these vulnerable slow-moving vessels that have been hit by a spate of hijackings in the Southern Philippines this year, loca reports said.

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NOC shuts down Es Sider and Ras Lanuf export terminals and declares "force majeure".

The All India Spices Exporters Forum (AISEF), established in the year 1987, works towards protecting the interests of the spice exporters in the country, creating a sustainable, pro-development business environment for the spice industry and its stakeholders. Places In Goa

The All India Spices Exporters Forum (AISEF), established in the year 1987, works towards protecting the interests of the spice exporters in the country, creating a sustainable, pro-development business environment for the spice industry and its stakeholders. Black Pepper & Red Chillies

Companies blocked from using West Coast ports to export fossil fuels keep seeking workarounds.

Spatial risk assessments are an effective management tool used in multiple-use marine parks to balance the needs for conservation of natural properties and to provide for varying socio-economic demands for development. The multiple-use Great Barrier Reef Marine Park (GBRMP) has recently experienced substantial increases in current and proposed port expansions and subsequent shipping. Globally, large whale populations are recovering from commercial whaling and ship strike is a significant threat to some populations and a potential welfare issue for others. Within the GBRMP, there is spatial conflict between the main breeding ground of the east Australian humpback whale population and the main inner shipping route that services several large natural resource export ports. The east coast humpback whale population is one of the largest humpback whale populations globally, exponentially increasing (11% per annum) close to the maximum potential rate and estimated to reach pre-exploitation population numbers in the next 4-5 years. We quantify the relative risk of ship strike to calving and mating humpback whales, with areas of highest relative risk coinciding with areas offshore of two major natural resource export ports. We found females with a dependent calf had a higher risk of ship strike compared to groups without a calf when standardized for group size and their inshore movement and coastal dependence later in the breeding season increases their overlap with shipping, although their lower relative abundance decreases risk. The formalization of a two-way shipping route has provided little change to risk and projected risk estimates indicate a three- to five-fold increase in risk to humpback whales from ship strike over the next 10 years. Currently, the whale Protection Area in the GBRMP does not cover the main mating and calving areas, whereas provisions within the legislation for establishment of a Special Management Area during the peak breeding season in high-ris

North Korea Caught Exporting Sand To China.

On Sunday, hundreds of fishermen in a small port in Vietnam protested the construction of a new terminal for cement exports, a rare public display of dissent in the tightly controlled nation.

On Sunday, hundreds of fishermen in a small port in Vietnam protested the construction of a new terminal for cement exports, a rare public display of dissent in the tightly controlled nation.

Libya exports three oil tankers from western Mellitah port.

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