Changes caused by increased warming on marine biological communities are likely to have important consequences on ecological structure and function thereby leading to significant feedbacks on the Earth's climate system

Northern Hemisphere Temperature (NHT) trends and variations in the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) index. These have included changes in species distribution and abundance, the occurrence of sub-tropical species in temperate waters, changes in overall phytoplankton biomass and season length, changes in the North Sea ecosystem, community shifts, phenological changes and changes in species interaction

These have included changes in species distribution and abundance, the occurrence of sub-tropical species in temperate waters, changes in overall phytoplankton biomass and season length, changes in the North Sea ecosystem, community shifts, phenological changes and changes in species interaction