This paper presents three different types of certificates ('white' for energy savings, 'green' for renewable electricity, and 'black' for greenhouse gas reductions in the European Emission Trading Scheme). The current limited experiences with these instruments already allow to define some of the success factors for these new instruments. A synthesis of their current application presents how much energy is saved today due to these certificates, and how much green electricity is produced. A discussion on the methods for setting the targets, measuring the impacts on the market and the interaction between these different instruments concludes this paper, followed by a reminder of the proposal to create an international agency on global stewardship for climate change issues.
elsayed hussin on 11 Sep 14I wanted to talk to you about the differences in the white LED s. And they also come in different sizes. The numbers that you see before the size is pretty much how big the LED is in millimeters. But keep in mind other sizes that may have come in different applications.
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