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Christina T

Japanese history: Edo Period - 0 views

www.japan-guide.com/e2128.html

japan history edo

shared by Christina T on 09 Dec 08 - Cached
  • n the battle of Sekigahara in 1600, Ieyasu defeated the Hideyori loyalists and other Western rivals
  • Every daimyo was also required to spend every second year in Edo.
  • On the other hand, he enforced the suppression and persecution of Christianity from 1614 on.
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  • Therefore, the warriors (samurai) were educating themselves not only in the martial arts but also in literature, philosophy and the arts, e.g. the tea ceremony.
  • During the Edo period and especially during the Genroku era (1688 - 1703), popular culture flourished. New art forms like kabuki and ukiyo-e became very popular especially among the townspeople.
  • The most important philosophy of Tokugawa Japan was Neo-Confucianism, stressing the importance of morals, education and hierarchical order in the government and society:
  • The social hierarchy began to break down as the merchant class grew increasingly powerful while some samurai became financially dependent of them.
  • n the end of the 18th century, external pressure started to be an increasingly important issue, when the Russians first tried to establish trade contacts with Japan without success
  • All factors combined, the anti-government feelings were growing and caused other movements such as the demand for the restoration of imperial power and anti western feelings, especially among ultra-conservative samurai in increasingly independently acting domains such as Choshu and Satsuma.
Christina T

ABC-CLIO: World Geography: Japan - 0 views

www.worldgeography.abc-clio.com/...Display.aspx

japan's history

shared by Christina T on 09 Dec 08 - Cached
  • The nation of Japan was probably born of the union of two peoples: one from Polynesia or the Malay Peninsula and one from elsewhere in Asia.
  • About 300 BC, the Japanese began growing rice, which would become the nation's agricultural staple.
  • From the 500s to the 700s, Japanese society developed quickly—partly because of its close relationship with neighboring China and the magnificent Tang Dynasty.
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  • Starting in the 12th century, military administrations called shogunates became the usual form of government.
  • It took until the end of the 1500s for order to be restored under the Momoyama shogunate, but the government's three famous warriors eventually battled among themselves, breaking up their alliance in 1600.
  • His rule was marked by the near-elimination of Christianity from Japan in an effort to prevent the conquest of the country by Spain, the expulsion of all Spaniards in 1624, and the deportation of the Portuguese in 1639. All contact with foreigners was then outlawed.
  • Japan enjoyed a period of blossoming culture, and art, literature, and theater thrived despite the Tokugawa shogunate's strict, repressive control.
  • After this point, known historically as the Meiji Restoration, true authority rested with a small group of veteran politicians.
  • Such improvements led to the creation of a considerable export trade as Japan's leaders decided to work with the foreigners, since their efforts to expel them had not succeeded
  • Continued incursions into China in 1931–1932 secured a Japanese puppet monarchy in China's Manchurian region under Emperor P'u-i, China's last emperor.
  • plunged into World War II with its attack on Pearl Harbor, Hawaii, on December 7, 1941.
  • an atomic bomb on the Japanese city of Hiroshima on August 6
  • Japan signed the United States-Japan Security Treaty (1951) in San Francisco
  • Japanese politics after World War II has been dominated by the powerful Liberal Democratic Party (LDP).
  • become a major global financial power and ranked as the world's largest aid donor and overseas investor.
  • His bold move paid off when the LDP gained a two-thirds majority in the Diet's lower house, thereby gaining for Koiziumi a wide popular mandate for his reforms. Koizumi left office in September 2006, having completed two full terms—a rarity in modern Japan.
Christina T

Japan: History, Geography, Government, & Culture - Infoplease.com - 0 views

www.infoplease.com/...A0107666.html

japan

shared by Christina T on 09 Dec 08 - Cached
  • The Ryukyu chain to the southwest was U.S.-occupied from 1945 to 1972, when it reverted to Japanese control, and the Kurils to the northeast are Russian-occupied.
  • Constitutional monarchy with a parliamentary government.
  • Through the 700s Japan was much influenced by China, and the Yamato clan set up an imperial court similar to that of China.
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  • For the following 700 years, shoguns from a succession of clans ruled in Japan, while the imperial court existed in relative obscurity.
  • Suspicious of Christianity and of Portuguese support of a local Japanese revolt, the shoguns of the Tokugawa period (1603–1867) prohibited all trade with foreign countries; only a Dutch trading post at Nagasaki was permitted.
  • The Japanese began to take steps to extend their empire.
  • In World War I, Japan seized Germany's Pacific islands and leased areas in China.
  • At the Washington Conference of 1921–1922, Japan agreed to respect Chinese national integrity, but, in 1931, it invaded Manchuria.
  • The dropping of atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki in 1945 by the United States finally brought the government to admit defeat. Japan surrendered formally on Sept. 2, 1945, aboard the battleship Missouri in Tokyo Bay.
  • The U.S. and Japan signed a security treaty in 1951, allowing for U.S. troops to be stationed in Japan. In 1952, Japan regained full sovereignty, and, in 1972, the U.S. returned to Japan the Ryuku Islands, including Okinawa.
  • A shrewd trade policy gave Japan larger shares in many Western markets, an imbalance that caused some tensions with the U.S.
  • During the 1990s, Japan suffered an economic downturn prompted by scandals involving government officials, bankers, and leaders of industry. Japan succumbed to the Asian economic crisis in 1998, experiencing its worst recession since World War II.
  • The embattled Mori resigned in April 2001 and was replaced by Liberal Democrat Junichiro Koizumi—the country's 11th prime minister in 13 years.
  • Koizumi was overwhelmingly reelected in Sept. 2003 and promised to push ahead with tough economic reforms.
  • In April 2005, China protested the publication of Japanese textbooks that whitewashed the atrocities committed by Japan during World War II.
  • Princesss Kiko gave birth to a boy in September.
  • The child's birth spares Japan a controversial debate over whether women should be allowed to ascend to the throne.
  • He suffered a stunning blow in July 2007 parliamentary elections, however, when his Liberal Democratic Party lost control of the upper house to the opposition Democratic Party.
  • A 6.8 magnitude earthquake struck in northwest Japan in July 2007, killing 10 people and injuring more than 900. The tremor caused skyscrapers in Tokyo to sway for almost a minute, buckled roads and bridges, and damaged a nuclear power plant. About 315 gallons of radioactive water leaked into the Sea of Japan.
  • he move followed a string of scandals and the stunning defeat of his Liberal Democratic Party in July's parliamentary elections
  • In June 2008, the upper house of Parliament, which is controlled by the opposition, censured Fukuda, citing his management of domestic issues.
  • The opposition Democratic Party of Japan, which won control of the upper house of Parliament in 2007, poses a viable threat to the Liberal Democrats who have been in control for more than 50 years.
Christina T

Japanese history: Jomon, Yayoi, Kofun - 0 views

www.japan-guide.com/e2131.html

japan early history

shared by Christina T on 09 Dec 08 - Cached
  • During the Jomon Period (13000 BC to 300 BC), the inhabitants of the Japanese islands were gatherers, fishers and hunters. Jomon is the name of the era's pottery.
  • During the Yayoi Period (300 BC to 300 AD), the rice culture was imported into Japan around 100 BC.
  • By the beginning of the Kofun Period (300 - 538), a center of power had developed in the fertile Kinai plain, and by about 400 AD the country was united as Yamato Japan with its political center in and around the province of Yamato (about today's Nara prefecture).
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  • Buddhism was introduced to Japan in the year 538 or 552 and was promoted by the ruling class. Prince Shotoku is said to have played an especially important role in promoting Chinese ideas.
  • In 645, Nakatomi no Kamatari started the era of the Fujiwara clan that was to last until the rise of the military class (samurai) in the 11th century. In the same year, the Taika reforms were realized: A new government and administrative system was established after the Chinese model
karen ponce

Thanksgiving - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia - 0 views

en.wikipedia.org/...Thanksgiving

shared by karen ponce on 09 Dec 08 - Cached
  • hanksgiving Day is a harvest festival. Traditionally, it is a time to give thanks for the harvest and express gratitude in general. It is a holiday celebrated primarily in Canada and the United States. While perhaps religious in origin, Thanksgiving is now primarily identified as a secular holiday. The date and location of the first Thanksgiving celebration is a topic of modest contention. Though the earliest attested Thanksgiving celebration was on September 8, 1565 in what is now Saint Augustine, Florida[1][2], the traditional "first Thanksgiving" is venerated as having occurred at the site of Plymouth Plantation, in 1621. Today, Thanksgiving is celebrated on the second Monday of October in Canada and on the fourth Thursday of November in the United States. Thanksgiving dinner is held on this day, usually as a gathering of family members and friends.
  • Most people celebrate by gathering at home with family or friends for a holiday feast. Though the holiday's origins can be traced to harvest festivals which have been celebrated in many cultures since ancient times, the American holiday has religious undertones related to the deliverance of the English settlers by Native Americans after the brutal winter at Plymouth, Massachusetts. The period from Thanksgiving Day to New Year's Day is often called the holiday season.
Paloma Gomez

"Artist" Leaves Dog To Die on Exhibition Display - Killing Animals as Form of Contempor... - 0 views

news.softpedia.com/...Exhibition-Display-82091.shtml

shared by Paloma Gomez on 09 Dec 08 - Cached
  • A man who calls himself an artist ties a dog to a wall inside an art gallery. No, you heard me correctly - we're not talking about the night janitor who caught the starving animal littering the front steps of the gallery and decided to vent a lifetime of frustration by pulling off a ridiculously cruel stunt. We're talking about a man who calls himself an artist. His name is Guillermo Vargas Habacuc and the year is 2007. Guillermo is one of the artists taking part in an art exhibition that takes place at a Costa Rican gallery - pompously called "Centro Nacional de la Cultura" (National Center for Culture). He pays a bunch of kids to catch the street dog, which he cruelly baptizes "Natividad" (Spanish for "birth"). His aim is to make an artistic statement about the fragility and the misery in which all dogs - indeed, all human beings live, and he achieved just that by letting the dog starve to death tied to a wall, in plain view of the exhibition visitors, some of whom demanded futilely that the dog be released.
    • Paloma Gomez
      Paloma Gomez on 09 Dec 08
       
      Tells how the man caught the dog and what he did once he put in on display
  • Paloma Gomez on 09 Dec 08
     
    Tell how the animal was caught and put on display... also tells what his explanation or reason is for doing what he did
Christina Sanchez

Hong Kong: History, Geography, Government, and Culture - Infoplease.com - 0 views

www.infoplease.com/...A0108114.html

Hong Kong population

shared by Christina Sanchez on 03 Dec 08 - Cached
  • 7,018,636 (growth rate: 0.5%); birth rate: 7.3/1000; infant mortality rate: 2.9/1000; life expectancy: 81.7; density per sq mi: 6,735
Patrick Wan

Origins of Breakdancing - 0 views

www.ccd.rpi.edu/...index.html

origin

shared by Patrick Wan on 08 Dec 08 - Cached
  • Breakdancing, also known as b-boying, started in the late 1970s in the South Bronx of New York City
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