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Hong Kong has one of the highest population densities in the world—more than 6,350 persons per km2 (more than 16,400 per mi2). Roughly 98% of the population of 6,940,432 (2006 est.) are Chinese; the majority of them have their family origins in Guangdong province. There are also significant numbers of Europeans and Americans, Filipinos (mostly domestic servants), and Indians and Pakistanis. About 60,000 Hong Kong residents emigrate each year, mainly to North America or Australia. This outflow is more than counterbalanced by legal and illegal immigration from China.

The leading religious affiliations among the Chinese are Buddhism, Daoism (Taoism), and traditional sects, followed by Christianity and Islam. English and Chinese are the languages of government. The Cantonese dialect is the usual medium of communication, although Mandarin has been promoted since the reversion to Chinese sovereignty.