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The alternator works by using a series of magnets and a rotor to produce electricity. The rotor is connected to the engine, so when the car is running, the rotor is forced to spin. This spinning creates a magnetic field, which is then amplified by a series of magnets. As the rotor spins, the magnets produce an alternating current of electricity. This current is sent through the alternator's rectifier, which converts the alternating current into direct current, which is then used to recharge the car's battery.