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This article analyses the economic rationale of Brazil's tariff policy during the first two years of the Plano Real. To this end, a study is made of the changes made in import duties for all the products traded. The tariff reform process in Brazil was begun in 1988, after the old Tariff Act had been in effect for thirty years, and represented a marked intensification in the process of trade openness, with the definition of a schedule of gradually decreasing tariffs which was further speeded up as from 1990.

This article addresses U.S. consumer spending, an idea that is studied under the Keynesian theory. In the short-run, consumer spending decreased, but it has now begun to increase once again. This demonstrates the idea that we live in the short run. As the article shows, spending is something that fluctuates regularly.

New studies are targeting the HIV/AIDS virus in Africa, where it is widespread and diminishes lifespan. The new measures in medicine can extend the lifespan of infected individuals, and may also prevent HIV/AIDS from spreading as quickly as it does now. Researchers are looking at options that include HIV screening programs, vaccines, and antiviral treatments. All these measures are helping Africa's development, especially in terms of health and individual lifespan.

Although this article does not mention any monopoly as such, the word 'merger' did capture my attention, since we studied the concept in the present chapter. In the article, the author is explaining the coming co-operation between two of the most important airlines in China; I have thus implied that these airlines are merging in order to become something close to a monopoly, since they do not want to risk competition uncertainties.

This interview examines income inequality in the United States. Dan Ariely, a behavioral economist with Duke University, argues that Americans have become tolerant of the income inequality in the U.S., and that most people do not realize how great the difference in income is between wealthy and impoverished Americans.

This article from the BBC exposes the rate at which oil is running out, and the consequences it will have on society. The implication is that the market price of oil is far cheaper than its real value, and this means that consumption is rapidly exceeding production. The article questions whether oil rationing should be imposed in order to preserve this scarce resource.

This Article Talks about how America has Hit a Recession that has impacted the Lower Waged Wokers the Hardest. According to the study, approximately 50 percent of households in the bottom decile of American income distribution are underemployed; in the second lowest decile, 37 percent of households can't find enough work. The authors write: "These extraordinarily high rates of labor underutilization among these two income groups would have to be classified as symbolic of a True Great Depression."

the article studies what is happening with the economy now. The United States has a serious problematic with unemployment. that´s why the government has motivated bussines to create more jobs. the problem is that not every business is willing to help.