How to prevent the flu and reduce its spread If you have not already done so, get vaccinated. Avoid close contact with others, especially those who are sick. Practice good health habits, such as drinking plenty of fluids, eating nutritious food, getting plenty of sleep, being physically active and managing stress. Wash your hands often with soap and water for about 20 seconds, or use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Avoid touching your eyes, nose and mouth. Clean and disinfect surfaces and objects that may be contaminated with germs. When you are sick, stay home and keep your distance from others. When coughing or sneezing, cover your mouth and nose with your sleeve, or use a tissue and dispose of it immediately.