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Garth Holman

New Water Map Washes Away An Urban Legend : NPR - 1 views

www.npr.org/...p-washes-away-s-f-urban-legend

history NPR Urban_Legend Truth

shared by Garth Holman on 31 Oct 11 - No Cached
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 31 Oct 11
       
      Or What a Historian does: search for truth 
  • But when historians read this, they got confused
  • That, Richard says, is impossible. He pulls out a topographical map and points to the location of the marker
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • He says the story of the lagoon can be traced back to a single paragraph, written by the Spanish explorer Juan Bautista de Anza, in March 1776
  • dated June 29, 1776. According to legend, that's when Spanish settlers supposedly set up camp on the shores of a lake called Laguna Dolores – Dolores Lagoon
  • "It's all just a big misunderstanding," he says, "but it has become legend.
  • Our lives are dedicated to figuring out what is from what isn't,"
  • "That's what a scientist does."
Sami Z

The Truth About the Spanish Inquisition - 0 views

catholiceducation.org/...wh0075.html

spanish inquisition

shared by Sami Z on 01 May 13 - No Cached
  • Sami Z on 01 May 13
     
    this is based on catholic perspective 
Garth Holman

This dissident poet says elections and the nuclear pact give him hope for Iran | Public... - 0 views

www.pri.org/...and-nuclear-give-him-hope-iran

Inquisition spanish trials iran elections

shared by Garth Holman on 05 May 16 - No Cached
  • The 44-year-old journalist and poet might have ended up dead, like some of his writer friends back home in Iran. Several of them were murdered in a series of political assassinations that began in the late 1990s.
  • freedom of expression, the Islamic Republic of Iran is among the worst of the worst. The country is ranked 169th, out of a total of 180 countries, on the 2016 World Press Freedom Index published by Reporters Without Borders.
  • Rafizadeh looks every bit the intellectual — glasses, leather jacket, cigarette. As a child, he would wake up early and recite Persian poetry out loud, annoying his father and his siblings. 
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • “The [Iranian] government intrudes into your personal life no matter who you are. That’s why, after the murders started happening, I decided to write political poems,” he says. 
  • “Other intellectuals were killed, too,” he says. “The Iranian regime was murdering innocent people just because they dared to call for political change and reform.” 
  • afizadeh managed to shine a light on the killings with his writings in the pages of pro-reformist newspapers. But only for a time. Eventually, Rafizadeh was arrested.“I spent 86 days in a cell that was 1.5 meters by 2 meters,” Rafizadeh says. “And I was tortured.” 
  • Even after he was released, pending trial, he says authorities threatened to harm his children if he didn’t make public statements saying he was treated well in prison and that his past writings were false.
  • Rafizadeh says he did what he was being pressured to do. But he adds that, “the Iranian public knew who was lying and who was telling the truth.” “Other journalists besides me wrote about the human rights situation in Iran and we did have an impact,” Rafizadeh says. Nonetheless, he felt he had to leave the country after the courts sentenced him to 20 lashes and nine months in prison. He escaped into Turkey in 2005. Two years later, he got asylum in Canada. 
  • “But, as it happened, there is in Iran what you might call a ‘deep state.’” 
  • None of these political actors are entirely answerable to Iran’s elected government. That enabled the hardliners to launch a brutal crackdown against the pro-reform camp of then-president Mohammad Khatami and his supporters. The crackdown began in in the late '90s and continued into the early 2000s.
  • “You can fight for rights and freedoms in the political space all you like, but if there is not judicial protection of them, that is a fundamental problem,” she says. 
  • Garth Holman on 05 May 16
     
    Dissident and actions in the modern world. 
Garth Holman

Spain and America: From Reconquest to Conquest - North Carolina Digital History - 1 views

www.learnnc.org/...1677

shared by Garth Holman on 19 May 14 - Cached
  • had been isolated from each other for 10,000 years.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 19 May 14
       
      If they have been isolated, how would that make them different? 
  • the human inhabitants of the “old” and “new” worlds developed vastly different cultures, languages, and religions; they found different ways of adapting to their different envinronments; and their bodies over hundreds of generations became resistant to the diseases of their different worlds. When the two great land masses were rejoined by European exploration, the resulting exchange of people, crops, animals, ideas, and diseases — called the “Columbian exchange” — changed both worlds forever.
  • Within a hundred years this small European nation had claimed the better part of two continents
  • ...15 more annotations...
  • disease.
  • They go as naked as their mothers bore them, even the women, though I only saw one girl, and she was very young. All those I did see were young men, none of them more than thirty years old.… They do not carry arms and do not know of them, because I showed them some swords and they grasped them by the blade and cut themselves out of ignorance
  • They ought to make good slaves for they are of quick intelligence, since I notice that they are quick to repeat what is said to them, and I believe that they could very easily become Chirstians, for it seemed to me that they had no religion of their own. God willing, when I come to leave I will bring six of them to Your Highnesses so that they may learn to speak
  • Columbus believed he had every right to take their land and make them into “servants.
  • With the native population gone, the Spanish began to import slaves from Africa to grow their sugar cane
  • superiority to their enemies who had rejected Christianity, and they developed rules of war based on that superiority — including the right to enslave the people they conquered. Once Spain was reconquered, Muslims and Jews were forced to convert to Christianity or be expelled from Spain.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 19 May 14
       
      Forced + Fled = INQUISITION
  • In 1519 Hernán Cortés arrived in Mexico from Cuba with 11 galleons, 550 men, and 16 horses — the first horses on the American continent. Within two years his conquistadores, conquerors, had won control of the Aztec kingdom that spanned most of present-day Mexico and Central America.
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 19 May 14
       
      How could this happen?  How could an empire of millions be destroyed and conquered by 550 men? 
  • One of Cortés’ soldiers had smallpox, and he started an epidemic that killed a third of the population of the Aztec empire.
  • Cortés for the deity Quetzalcoátl, or Plumed Serpent, who according to prophesy would return from the east to reclaim his kingdom — perhaps in 1519. When Cortés arrived — from the east, with fair skin, riding four-legged creatures never before seen in Mexico, wearing shining armor and looking for all the world like someone who wanted to reclaim a kingdom — Moctezuma feared that he might be Quetzalcoátl and did not immediately meet him in battle.
  • What Cortés and his men saw in Tenochtitlán horrified them.
  • The Spanish, more convinced than ever of their superiority, forced most of the people of Mexico to convert to Christianity. Priests burned Aztec books and destroyed idols and temples. Indigenous people were enslaved to work in gold mines. Disease reduced the population of Mexico from more than 20 million when Cortés arrived in 1519 to about 2 million by 1600.
  • By the 1600s, Spain was easily the most powerful kingdom in Europe.
  • We can estimate very surely and truthfully that in the forty years that have passed, with the infernal actions of the Christians, there have been unjustly slain more than twelve million men, women, and children. In truth, I believe without trying to deceive myself that the number of the slain is more like fifteen million.…
  • They attacked the towns and spared neither the children nor the aged nor pregnant women nor women in childbed, not only stabbing them and dismembering them but cutting them to pieces as if dealing with sheep in the slaughter house.
  • With still others, all those they wanted to capture alive, they cut off their hands and hung them round the victim’s neck, saying, “Go now, carry the message,” meaning, Take the news to the Indians who have fled to the mountains.
Kanrry K

Romulus and Remus - 0 views

www.historylearningsite.co.uk/romulus_and_remus.htm

shared by Kanrry K on 01 Dec 14 - Cached
  • Romulus and Remus were twin brothers. They were abandoned by their parents as babies and put into a basket that was then placed into the River Tiber. The basket ran aground and the twins were discovered by a female wolf. The wolf nursed the babies for a short time before they were found by a shepherd. The shepherd then brought up the twins.
    • dcs-armstrong
      dcs-armstrong on 02 Dec 14
       
      You can still see statues like this one all over Rome. 
  • The city of Rome grew out of a number of settlements that existed around seven hills that were near the River Tiber. The settlements were near the river for the obvious reasons of a water supply. The Tiber was also narrow enough at this point to be bridged. However, the area also suffered because of the nearness of the river. Each settlement was separated from the other by marshland. Each individual settlement was vulnerable to attack as a single settlement. By joining together they were stronger. To join together, the marshland had to be drained. This was something that took years to do. The legend of Romulus and Remus gives the impression that Rome was created very quickly; the truth was very different. 
  • successful farmers and traders and they became rich and successful.
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • Rome from its early days was a rich city
  • Romans fought against the Etruscans and the Samnite
  • given
  • credit
  • ounding
  • Ancient Rome
  • By joining together they were stronger.
    • Phillip M
      Phillip M on 02 Dec 14
       
      for all of this it talks about what geography was around river tiber. And also talks about how narrow it is
  • This story, of course, is only a legend. The actual growth of Rome is less exotic and interesting. The city of Rome grew out of a number of settlements that existed around seven hills that were near the River Tiber. The settlements were near the river for the obvious reasons of a water supply. The Tiber was also narrow enough at this point to be bridged. However, the area also suffered because of the nearness of the river. Each settlement was separated from the other by marshland.
    • Phillip M
      Phillip M on 02 Dec 14
       
      the image showed here is weird in a way but also makes sense. because if the wolf raised the two twins then it would have to feed them. But i don't think this is possible
    • Hriday D
      Hriday D on 02 Dec 14
       
      I know right i doubt this happened....
    • Brian L
      Brian L on 02 Dec 14
       
      I think so too.
    • Kanrry K
      Kanrry K on 02 Dec 14
       
      ..."The area also SUFFERED because of the nearness of the river..." The city was probably way too close to the river. - Kanrry
  • The date given for the founding of Rome is 753 BC.
  • decided to found a city where the wolf had found them
    • Kanrry K
      Kanrry K on 02 Dec 14
       
      That's a pretty good idea.  -Kanrry
  • Kanrry K on 02 Dec 14
     
    Legend of Ancient Rome.
David W

Pope Urban II orders first Crusade - Nov 27, 1095 - HISTORY.com - 5 views

www.history.com/...-urban-ii-orders-first-crusade

shared by David W on 07 Mar 12 - No Cached
  • On November 27, 1095, Pope Urban II makes perhaps the most influential speech of the Middle Ages, giving rise to the Crusades by calling all Christians in Europe to war against Muslims in order to reclaim the Holy Land, with a cry of "Deus vult!" or "God wills it!"
  • By the end of the 11th century, the Holy Land—the area now commonly referred to as the Middle East—had become a point of conflict for European Christians. Since the 6th century, Christians frequently made pilgrimages to the birthplace of their religion, but when the Seljuk Turks took control of Jerusalem, Christians were barred from the Holy City. When the Turks then threatened to invade the Byzantine Empire and take Constantinople, Byzantine Emperor Alexius I made a special appeal to Urban for help. This was not the first appeal of its kind, but it came at an important time for Urban. Wanting to reinforce the power of the papacy, Urban seized the opportunity to unite Christian Europe under him as he fought to take back the Holy Land from the Turks.
  • Urban delivered a rousing speech summoning rich and poor alike to stop their in-fighting and embark on a righteous war to help their fellow Christians in the East and take back Jerusalem. Urban denigrated the Muslims, exaggerating stories of their anti-Christian acts, and promised absolution and remission of sins for all who died in the service of Christ.
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • European nobles were tempted by the prospect of increased land holdings and riches to be gained from the conquest. These nobles were responsible for the death of a great many innocents both on the way to and in the Holy Land, absorbing the riches and estates of those they conveniently deemed opponents to their cause. Adding to the death toll was the inexperience and lack of discipline of the Christian peasants against the trained, professional armies of the Muslims. As a result, the Christians were initially beaten back, and only through sheer force of numbers were they eventually able to triumph
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 07 Mar 12
       
      God Wills it  -- this was the call.  All who went on Crusade were to paint a RED cross on their shirt to show they were on a mission for GOD. 
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 08 Mar 12
       
       So Jews, Christians and Muslims all "share" the holy land.  But the Muslim Turks closed the pilgrimage route and said they were going to attack their neighbors, so Byzantine Emperor asks for help and Pope URBAN II sees a way to gain more power.  And The crusades begin. 
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 08 Mar 12
       
      Urban asks rich (Kings/Nobles) and poor (peasants) alike to travel and free the holy land. He did not tell the whole truth, but added a little to make it sound worse.  Then he promised "A FREE PASS TO HEAVEN" for all who go and destroy Muslims.  The words Absolution (forgiveness) and Remission (take away) all sins=your free pass. 
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 08 Mar 12
       
      People did not just go to "Serve G-D" but to gain wealth and power.  Christians only win one time and then lose the next six Crusades, but the impact of these events changed history forever. 
    • Nicole G
      Nicole G on 10 Mar 13
       
      Pope Urban II died in 1099 that was two weeks after the fall of Jerusalem and The Christians won and made it back to the Europe. 
    • parker g
      parker g on 10 Mar 15
       
      Truuuu
    • Garth Holman
      Garth Holman on 10 Mar 15
       
      This is the key phrase: promised absolution and remission of sins for all who died in the service of Christ.  What does this mean? 
    • Kanrry K
      Kanrry K on 11 Mar 15
       
      It means that your sins will be forgiven.
    • David W
      David W on 08 Mar 16
       
      This is the beginning of all wars.
Kareem Fareed

Who are the Vikings? | History Today - 3 views

www.historytoday.com/...who-are-vikings

SS Vikings MA

shared by Kareem Fareed on 28 Nov 18 - No Cached
  • ‘Viking’ is a catch-all term for the people who came from Scandinavia, what is now Norway, Denmark and Sweden
  • The Norse were initially pagan
  • but they later converted.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • They spoke Old Norse
  • But the main source for their culture, beyond what is written by the peoples they encountered, is the sagas, which were written in 13th-century Iceland. These are the stories of their history – a romanticised mix of truth and legend. 
Shira H

The Middle Ages for Kids - the Plague, the Black Death - 1 views

medievaleurope.mrdonn.org/plague.html

shared by Shira H on 02 Apr 12 - Cached
    • Shira H
      Shira H on 02 Apr 12
       
      Great site for quest 10. 
  • Even before the plague, what is amazing really is that anyone lived. The truth is, only the very strong survived. But the strong had no defense against the Black Death. No one was safe. And millions of people died.
  • Women died in childbirth from ignorance.
  • ...2 more annotations...
  • People handled cattle and then directly handled food. 
  • he peasants slept and worked in the same clothes for days and even weeks at a time without washing themselves or their clothes. The nobles were not much better. Soap was made of lye, which was very rough on the skin. There was no toothpaste or toothbrushes. People used watered spices on their lips and teeth, but all that did was briefly hide the smell of rotting teeth. Peasants died young from malnutrition and the simplest of diseases.
dcs-armstrong

Middle Ages for Kids: Knight's Coat of Arms - 0 views

www.ducksters.com/...knight_coat_of_arms.php

middle middleages medieval coatofarms

shared by dcs-armstrong on 26 Jan 18 - No Cached
  • Red was the color of a warrior and nobility. Other colors included blue for truth and sincerity, black for piety and knowledge, and green for hope and joy. The colors in heraldry are called tinctures.
  • the lion stood for majesty and strength, the elephant for wit and ambition, the boar for courage and ferocity, and the sun for power and glory.
  • Knights and nobles in the Middle Ages often had a coat of arms.
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • "heraldry"
  • coat of arms was used to distinguish one knight from another. When a knight had on his full armor, including plate mail and helmet, even his friends couldn't recognize him. Because of this, knights began to paint symbols on their shields.
  • job of people called heralds to keep track of the different coats of arms.
  • A coat of arms belonged to the family of the knight. He would pass the coat of arms down to his eldest son.
  • Knights and nobles in the Middle Ages often had a coat of arms.
    • dcs-armstrong
      dcs-armstrong on 13 Feb 20
       
      Peasants did NOT have their own coat of arms
    • dcs-armstrong
      dcs-armstrong on 13 Feb 20
       
      Peasants did NOT have their own coat of arms.
  • original coats of arms had fairly simple designs
  • As there became more and more
  • designs became more complicated in order for each one to be unique.
alove_

The Posterity Project: "History is never true." - 0 views

posterityproject.blogspot.com/...history-is-never-true.html

history historical objectivity historian subjective thought

shared by alove_ on 18 Oct 19 - No Cached
  • History, written by a contemporary, is likely to be less accurate, less truthful than the history of the past written by someone living in the present.
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