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Washington post Writer Peter Perl (Marc 1, 1999) revisits the race riots of 1919 in Washington, DC. Four hundred whites moved into black neighborhoods because of a reported sexual assault by an African American on a white woman. This secondary source gives a detailed description of the riots based on primary sources.

Washington post Writer Peter Perl (Marc 1, 1999) revisits the race riots of 1919 in Washington, DC. Four hundred whites moved into black neighborhoods because of a reported sexual assault by an African American on a white woman. This secondary source gives a detailed description of the riots based on primary sources.

Completely readable online. Published 1937. Hathitrust Digital Library also includes related references. Detailed description of landscape of White House over time, changes by various occupants, development of White House from "country" landscape to formal occupancy of today. Missing? Role of builders and workers, including enslaved workers.

"Within sight of the White House : section of Washington, D.C., known as "Hooker's Division," which contains 50 saloons and 109 bawdy-houses--list of 61 places where liquor is sold with government [sic] but without city licenses." Newspaper clipping. - Available also through the Library of Congress Web site as a raster image. - Includes text, directory of unlicensed premises, and index to points of interest. - LC copy mounted on cloth backing.

"Safe Haven: A Memoir of Playground Basketball." Paul Wice. The author's family joined "white flight" from the DC neighorhood, Petworth in 1956. He returns 38 years later and talks about what has and what has not changed. http://www.jstor.org/stable/40073295

Social/cultural history of famed Willard Hotel --often called the center of Washington more than either the Capitol or the White House or the State Department. Founded in 1847 on land originally owned by Scottish proprietor, David Burnes.

Since the creation of the District of Columbia, antislavery reformers had decried the presence of slavery as a contradiction of the nation's founding principles of freedom, equality, and justice. The nation's capital was a natural target for the early antislavery movement. Constitutionally, Congress controlled the District of Columbia through "exclusive jurisdiction" and could eliminate the slave trade and slavery itself within its borders at any time. When the federal government moved to Washington in 1800, Congress agreed to enforce Maryland's laws in the city, including both slavery and a "black code" that restricted the freedom of all African Americans, slave and free. As a southern city, Washington was a congenial place for slavery to take root. In 1800, thirty percent of the District of Columbia's residents were African Americans, fewer than one-fifth of them free. From its very beginning, visitors and government officials from the North and abroad condemned the capital for its open slave markets, economic reliance on slavery, exploitation of African Americans, and racial discrimination. Immediately after moving into the White House, for example, Abigail Adams wrote contemptuously that "The effects of slavery are visible everywhere." The institution continued to grow steadily until 1830, when the number of slaves in Washington reached its peak, representing twelve percent of the city's population. At the same time, Washington began supplanting Baltimore as a regional center of the slave trade. After 1830, slavery began to decline in Washington as the slave trade drained laborers from the faltering tobacco plantations of the Chesapeake region. Between 1830 and 1860, the slave population fell from its peak of twelve percent to just three percent of the District of Columbia's residents, about 3,300.

For over a century, the Willard Hotel has been the gathering place and site of innumerable behind-the-scenes networking among the powerful and famous (and often rich) in Washington.Note its proximity to the White House and other physical centers of power,

Author: Bell Clement. JSTOR: Washington History, Vol. 16, No. 2 (Fall/Winter, 2004/2005), pp. 86-109 This journal article is an example of one sort of material that should be bookmarked and annotated in Zotero rather that Diigo. However, it's an explanation of the context and history of response to Bolling vs Sharpe--DCs equivalent of Brown vs Board of Education. DC required a separate ruling since the 14th Amendment under which Brown was decided applies only to States, not the District of Columbia.