Introduction and some definitions of good personal health. Everyone wants to be healthy but they don't know what is criteria for good personal health. In this article, we discussed signs of good health. Just compare yourself with these signs and you will know you have good personal health or not.
As a matter of interest, many people know nothing about their health, but they only say "We Are Sick", and many people are not healthy and they say "We Are Healthy".
Heart transplant patients requiring persistent hemodialysis have significantly increased mortality risk after a heart transplant. Those that require temporary dialysis appear to have comparable outcomes as controls. Persistent dialysis patients require closer monitoring and perhaps a consideration for the kidney transplant to minimize risk.
British pharmaceutical giant GlaxoSmithKline beat first-quarter sales and earnings forecasts on Wednesday (April 27), helped by demand for its Covid-19 therapy
and shingles vaccine, as the company moves towards the July separation of its consumer health business.
Profit after tax jumped 68 percent to £1.8 billion ($2.3 billion, 2.1 billion euros) compared with the start of 2021.
Sales climbed 32 percent to almost £9.8 billion.
"We have delivered strong first-quarter results in this landmark year for GSK, as we separate consumer healthcare and start a new period of sustained growth," chief
executive Emma Walmsley said in the earnings statement.
"Our results reflect further good momentum across speciality medicines and vaccines, including the return to strong sales growth for Shingrix and continuing pipeline progress."
The shingles vaccine generated £698 million in quarterly sales, beating analyst estimates of 528 million.
Walmsley is seeking to reshape GSK after facing fierce investor criticism over the company's delay in producing Covid jabs and treatments.
Independent pharmacies played a leading role in administering Covid-19 vaccines in the country, latest data compiled by the National Pharmacy Association has revealed.
According to the latest research conducted by the NPA and PharmData, independent community pharmacies were the biggest deliverers of Covid vaccines during January -
September 2021 as compared to corporate-run pharmacy sites.
The PharmData figures which looked at 610 pharmacy sites around the country showed that 85 per cent of them were independents, most of whom are NPA members.
NPA chief executive Mark Lyonette said: "These figures show us that flexible, locally engaged, entrepreneurial independent community pharmacies are making a huge contribution to the vaccine programme.
The full-time equivalent community pharmacy workforce saw a 6 per cent decline in a year, while the overall number of pharmacists remains nearly constant,
according to NHS England's Community Pharmacy Workforce Survey 2022.
However, vacancy rates among pharmacists rose 16 percent, suggesting an increased reliance on locum pharmacists who, on average, work fewer hours, the data revealed.
According to NHSE, the mandated survey released (Aug. 3) achieved a 95 per cent completion rate among pharmacy contractors, marking a substantial increase compared
to only 47 per cent in the previous year.
The survey results indicate a shift in working patterns within community pharmacy, with locum pharmacists being utilised more frequently as part of the staffing model.
The survey revealed a 6 per cent decrease in the community pharmacy workforce across all roles combined. The number of full-time equivalent pharmacists working in
community pharmacy decreased by 2,411, from 20,255 in 2021 to 17,844 in 2022, the survey found.
The employed pharmacists decreased by 16 per cent from 12,774 in 2021 to 10,943 in 2022, while locum pharmacists increased by 26 per cent from 4,297 in 2021 to
5,477 in 2022, NHSE said.
In a recent survey of 2,000 UK adults, 34 per cent preferred consulting pharmacists for health advice after researching symptoms, while for those surveyed
specifically from Wales, this figure increased to 35 per cent, according to 2San - a global supplier of healthcare products and solutions.
The survey said women had a higher tendency, with 39 per cent seeking their pharmacist's guidance compared to 29 per cent of men surveyed.
According to the survey findings, over one-fifth of people in the UK are turning to pharmacists instead of their primary care physician or doctor for guidance
and advice with medical symptoms.
"With more than 38 million patients in the UK waiting more than two weeks for a GP appointment, it is unsurprising that 34 per cent of people surveyed asked a
pharmacist for advice over their primary care physician/doctor in the last 12 months," 2san said.
In Wales, over a third of people prefer their community pharmacist for support and advice, while those aged 65 and above still tend to consult their primary care
physician.
ITV on Tuesday (Aug 15) said it had agreed to invest in pain relief brand Flarin Holdings Ltd, making it the British broadcaster's first consumer healthcare
investment.
The company has agreed to subscribe for £2 million worth of shares in Flarin, with an option to subscribe for two more tranches of 1.5 million pounds each.
In return, Flarin would get advertising space across ITV's channels and ITVX.
ITV said its investment will "help Flarin build mass market brand awareness by bringing the brand to millions of consumers via ITV platforms. This will be a step
change in the size of the campaign and the approach to scaling the Flarin brand to date."
Director of ITV AdVentures, Sheena Amin, said: "It's fantastic to be announcing our latest Media for Equity investment into Flarin. With its innovative and
patented lipid technology, Flarin offers many unique benefits to those suffering from joint and muscular pain compared to any other product on the market.
Flarin is already one of the fastest growing analgesics in the market and I am confident that we will see the company grow to new heights following a brand
building campaign across ITV."
The High Court has dismissed the British Generic Manufacturers Association (BGMA)'s claim on being excluded from ongoing negotiations between the government
and industry to agree a new Voluntary Scheme for medicine pricing and access (VPAS).
The association had sought a judicial review of the Department of Health and Social Care's (DHSC) decision to negotiate a new Voluntary Scheme for branded medicines
with the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry (ABPI) in April.
Commenting on the result of the case, Richard Torbett, Chief Executive of the ABPI said: "For over 60 years the ABPI has acted as the representative industry body
for negotiations on the Voluntary Scheme for branded medicines - a responsibility we take extremely seriously - and one which has been reaffirmed by today's
judgment.
"While we were disappointed that the BGMA decided to take this action - we recognise their decision was driven by the extreme challenge placed on all parts of the
industry from the surge in the branded medicine payment rates.
"The solution to these problems must be a completely new and sustainable approach to medicines provision in the UK which rapidly brings industry revenue payments in
line with comparator countries to unlock investment and growth."
Computer Science
Tuesday, April 25, 2023
Computer hardware
Computer hardware is the physical components that make up a computer system. It includes everything from the central processing unit (CPU) to the monitor, keyboard, and mouse. Understanding the different types of hardware and how they work together is essential for anyone who works with computers. In this article, we will explore the various components of computer hardware, including internal and external components, and the peripherals that connect to them. We will also discuss the importance of hardware maintenance, the latest advancements in computer technology, and factors to consider when choosing the right hardware for your needs. Whether you are a computer technician, a gamer, or simply someone who uses a computer for everyday tasks, this article will help you better understand the world of computer hardware.
Introduction to Computer Hardware
Computer hardware refers to the physical components that make up a computer system. It includes everything from the processor and memory to input/output devices such as the keyboard and monitor. In this article, we will explore the different types of computer hardware and their functions.
What is Computer Hardware
Computer hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system. It includes all the components that can be touched, seen, and used to interact with a computer, such as the monitor, keyboard, and mouse. Hardware is different from computer software, which refers to the programs and applications that run on a computer system.
History of Computer Hardware
The history of computer hardware dates back to the 1820s when Charles Babbage, an English mathematician, and inventor, designed the first analytical engine, which was considered to be the first mechanical computer. With time, more complex electronic computers were developed, including the first Intel microprocessor in 1971. Since then, computer hardware has continued to evolve, becoming
India is one of the top destinations for individuals looking for best eye transplant in the world. Low cost eye surgery In India is quite affordable as compared to other countries in the world with the same quality of medical care and services.
Adults who are overweight or obese and have type 2 diabetes or prediabetes are at a higher risk of developing severe health issues, according to authors of
a recent study.
Experts. however, disagree on the best dietary regimens and supportive measures to suggest.
The latest study was published in the journal 'The Annals of Family Medicine'.
In the findings, researchers used a 2×2 diet-by-support factorial design to randomise 94 adults with the aforementioned conditions, contrasting a very
low-carbohydrate (VLC) or ketogenic diet with a Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet.
They also determined the outcomes of interventions that included and excluded additional support practices like mindful eating, effective emotion regulation,
social support, and cooking instruction.
Using intent-to-treat analyses, the VLC diet led to greater improvement in estimated mean systolic blood pressure (SBP; -9.8 mmHg vs. -5.2 mmHg, P =.046), greater
improvement in glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1c; -.4 per cent vs. -.1 per cent, P = 0.034), and greater improvement in weight (-19.14 lbs vs. -10.33 lbs, P = 0.0003),
compared to the DASH diet.
The addition of extra support did not have a statistically significant effect on outcomes.
Instability in the supply chain network is frequently undermining the profit margins in community pharmacies, former Pharmacy Minister and Chair of the Health
and Social Care Committee Steve Brine has said.
Brine emphasised that community pharmacies often lack information about the prices wholesalers charge for essential generic medications. "They lack visibility
into scarcity, and the pricing of these products is often significantly higher compared to other European countries," the former minister remarked during a
parliamentary debate focused on the future of community pharmacies on September 14.
From financial pressures to workforce crisis and pharmacy closures, the debate delved into critical challenges faced by pharmacies, aiming to propose tangible
solutions for a sustainable future in the sector.
Chaired by Sir Mark Hendrik, the debate was initiated by Conservative MP Peter Aldous and featured contributions from a host of participants including Labour MPs
Taiwo Owatemi and George Howarth among others.
Digestive issues such as constipation, dysphagia and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) may be precursors of Parkinson's disease, according to research published
in the journal Gut.
Gastrointestinal symptoms are thought to precede the development of some cerebrovascular disease, including brain aneurysm or Alzheimer's disease, and it has been
suggested (Braak's hypothesis) that gut conditions may precede the development of Parkinson's disease too.
To test this hypothesis, researchers used data from a US nationwide medical record network (TriNetX) to compare 24,624 people who had been diagnosed with
Parkinson's disease of unknown cause with those who had been diagnosed with other neurological conditions - Alzheimer's disease (19,046) or cerebrovascular
disease (23,942) - or with none of these (24,624; comparison group).
Despite a 13 per cent increase from last year, less than a quarter (21%) of pharmacy teams recommend Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) as a first line of treatment
for frequent heartburn.
There has been a 4% decrease in pharmacy teams considering 'frequent heartburn' as a condition that occurs more than once a week 8-in-10 said a larger pack size
would be useful to their patients who suffer from frequent heartburn.
Haleon, formerly part of GSK, has recently commissioned research to better understand how pharmacy teams help patients to treat frequent heartburn. Comparing with
data captured last year, there has been a been a +13% increase in the number of pharmacy teams recommending Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPIs) (21% in 2022 vs 8% in
2021).
Nexium Control, the UK's number one heartburn product for 24-hour protection, aims to use this research to provide better support for pharmacists and their teams
and encourage the recommendation of PPIs, where appropriate for frequent heartburn, over other heartburn remedies.
The widely-held concept that levels of "good" cholesterol in the blood can indicate heart disease risk is not equally true for Blacks and whites, and the measure
itself may be of less value than previously thought, according to a U.S. study published on Monday (November 21).
Various types of cholesterol are thought to have either healthy or unhealthy effects.
Low levels of so-called "good" high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were linked with higher odds for developing cardiac problems in the long-term study - but
only in white participants, the study published in the Journal of the American College of Cardiology found.
In contradiction to what has generally been assumed, low HDL levels did not confer any higher risk of heart disease in Black people, researchers said. Among white
people, however, those with HDL levels below 40 milligrams per deciliter had a 22% higher risk for coronary heart disease compared with those whose HDL levels were
higher.
High HDL levels (above 60 mg/dL), which are thought to be protective, were not linked with lower coronary heart disease risks in either race, researchers found.
If you're looking for the best probiotic brands, you've come to the right place. In this blog post, we will discuss how to find the right probiotic brands
for your needs. We'll go over factors such as price, quality, and customer reviews to help you make an informed decision. We will also discuss the different types
of probiotics and how to select the right one for you. So whether you're just starting out on your probiotic journey or you're looking for a new brand to try, read
on for our top tips!
HOW TO CHOOSE A PROBIOTIC BRAND?
When choosing a probiotic brand, it's important to consider factors such as price, quality, and customer feedback. Price is often the first factor people consider
when selecting a probiotic brand. However, it's important to remember that cheaper is not always better. Quality should be your main priority - some brands may be
more expensive but offer superior probiotic strains with higher concentrations of beneficial bacteria compared to others. A probiotic should contain at least
10 Billion CFUs (colony-forming units) to be considered effective. The ingredients it should have are lactic acid bacteria, bifidobacteria, and Enterococcus. So
, these probiotics are good for gut health and digestion. In addition, they should consist of bacterial strains that are resistant to stomach acid and bile, as
these can break down beneficial bacteria before they reach the gut.
Japanese pharmaceutical firm Eisai Co plans to seek full approval of its experimental Alzheimer's drug lecanemab in the United States, Europe and Japan armed
with data showing it can slow the brain-wasting disease for people with early symptoms, potentially getting the treatment to patients next year.
It remains unclear how widely the drug developed with U.S. biotech Biogen Inc will be used due to uncertainty over insurance coverage, including the U.S.
government's Medicare plan for people age 65 and over, potential side effects and cost.
One Wall Street analyst told Reuters news agency that he is not counting on measurable sales until 2024. Several estimated lecanemab may be priced at around $20,000
per year.
"Most people who this (drug) would apply to are on Medicare, and most private payers look to Medicare as they make their own (coverage) decisions. So there's a
massive roadblock in the way of all who could benefit from this treatment," said Robert Egge, Alzheimer's Association chief public policy officer.
Eisai confirmed on Tuesday (November 30) that lecanemab - an antibody designed to remove sticky deposits of a protein called amyloid beta from the brain - reduced
the rate of cognitive decline on a clinical dementia scale by 27% compared to a placebo. It also gave new details on side effects including a dangerous type of brain
swelling and brain bleeding.
The first big breakthrough in 30 years of Alzheimer's research is providing momentum for clinical trials of "cocktail" treatments targeting the two hallmark
proteins associated with the mind-robbing disease, according to interviews with researchers and pharmaceutical executives.
Drugmakers Eisai and Biogen reported in September that their therapy lecanemab could slow progress of the disease by 27% over 18 months compared with a placebo.
The finding validates the theory that clearing the amyloid protein that forms clumps in the brains of Alzheimer's patients could slow or halt the disease and has
strengthened the support from some scientists for simultaneously targeting another notorious protein linked to Alzheimer's: tau.
Eisai and Biogen are scheduled to present full data from their lecanemab study on Tuesday at the Clinical Trials on Alzheimer's Disease conference in San Francisco.
The U.S. Food and Drug Administration is expected to make a decision by early January on the companies' application for accelerated approval.
If approved on an accelerated basis, the companies said they would immediately apply for full U.S. regulatory approval which could help secure Medicare coverage.
Leaders from across the pharmacy sector and trade bodies dwelled on the challenges faced by the pharmacists at the Sigma Conference held on Sunday (2 October).
"If the cost of carrying out regulation is higher than the benefits, it's time for all the bodies to sit together and talk on what can be adjusted accordingly,"
said Salim Jetha, Chairman, Avicenna.
Jetha highlighted the challenges faced by the independent pharmacy and also raised the concern about the 'level playing field' for pharmacists compared to GPs. He
said: "GPs get paid for energy cost, premises cost, the staffing cost. We don't get paid for that. So don't be misled by saying we are being exactly the same. Yes,
on paper we are, but in reality we are not. I think also the rules of engagement are different."
He called for better collaboration with GPs, and urged PSNC and other trade bodies to ensure a level playing field.
Janet Morrison, CEO, Pharmaceutical Services Negotiating Committee(PSNC), warned that the pressure in the sector is building up to a 'breaking point'.
Drug testing is a crucial part of many people's lives. Whether you're applying for a job in the law enforcement field, military, or pharmacy industry, it can
be difficult to find out what drugs are on your application. Luckily, there are new ways to test yourself at home to see if you have any traces of drugs inside of
you.
WHERE TO FIND DRUG TESTS
There are a variety of at-home drug tests available on the market. Drug tests can be found at most pharmacies and online retailers, like Drug Test City. Some of
these sites are free, while others charge a fee. Here are some tips to help you choose the right site for your needs:
Make sure the site is reputable. There are many scam sites out there that will take your money and not deliver on their promises. Do some research to make sure the
site you're considering is legitimate.
Consider the cost. Some sites charge a fee for their services, while others are free. Decide what you're willing to spend before you start your search.
Compare features. Not all drug testing sites are created equal. Some offer more comprehensive services than others. Take a look at what each site has to offer and
choose the one that best meets your needs.
