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UK businesses invested £50 billion in research and development (R&D) in 2023, according to the annual survey report released by the Office for National Statistics (ONS). This marks a £1.4 billion increase (2.9%) compared to the previous year's £48.5 billion. Pharmaceuticals remained the largest contributor to business R&D spending, with £8.7 billion allocated to the sector, accounting for 17.4% of the total R&D expenditure by UK businesses. However, this is slightly down from £8.8 billion in 2022. Other major contributors among product groups included software development with R&D spending at £7.6 billion, and miscellaneous business activities such as technical testing and analysis at £6.9 billion. When measuring the value of R&D performed by industry, the scientific research and development industry emerged as the top performer, with £12.7 billion spent, representing 25.3% of total business R&D.

"The UK remains genuinely world-leading for life sciences in numerous areas - yet we continue to underperform on our potential," said Richard Torbett, Chief Executive of the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry (ABPI). His statement is based on recent government data indicating that the UK is not fully capitalizing on its strong historical and institutional advantages in life sciences across a range of economic, health, and research indicators. The latest 'Life sciences competitiveness indicators 2024' report from the government's Office for Life Sciences revealed that while the pharmaceutical industry leads in R&D spending with £9 billion in 2022, representing a fifth of total business investment, the country saw a notable decline in foreign direct investment (FDI), industry clinical trials, and exports. In 2023, FDI dropped by 21 per cent to £0.8 billion, following a trend that saw a 52 per cent decrease over the previous two years, including a £0.9 billion fall in FDI the year prior.