Cardiac surgery encompasses various procedures performed on the heart or its associated vessels by specialized surgeons. Here are some common types of cardiac surgery:
1. Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting (CABG)
2. Heart Valve Repair or Replacement
3. Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR)
4. Mitral Valve Repair or Replacement
5. Congenital Heart Surgery
An experimental device made from layered filter paper is helping Rice University bioengineers study calcifying heart diseases.
The filter paper is structured in a way that mimics the layering of aortic heart valves, recreating the means by which cells spread through cardiac tissue in a laboratory setting. It may not look much like a heart valve, but in practice it simulates the proliferation process in the same way.