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For anyone who does not know, a graphic novel is a serious literary work in comic book form, like Art Spiegelman's ''Maus'' or Jules Feiffer's ''Tantrum.'' If comics are ''those bright, colorful magazines filled with bad art, stupid stories and guys in tights,'' as Scott McCloud jokingly put it in his book ''Understanding Comics'' (Kitchen Sink Press, 1993), then graphic novels are their earnest offspring. The tights are gone, the stories are often grim, and the drawing . . . well, it isn't exactly comic.

The world of comics split into the cute and fantastical mainstream and the down and gritty underground.

petits recits so prevalent in postmodern discours

On another level, there are multiple narratives and kinds of texts in Maus: in addition to images, dialogue boxes, and commentary, we find maps of Poland and the Camps, diagrams of hideouts, real photographs from the family archive, detailed plans of the crematoria, an exchange table for goods in Auschwitz, and a manual for shoe-repair

"historical subject-positions" and narrated events; there are the pre-holocaust, the Holocaust, and the postholocaust, but also, within one time-frame, there can be other times an

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