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This self-cooling effect means that graphene -based electronics could require little or no cooling, begetting an even greater energy efficiency and increasing graphene's attractiveness as a silicon replacement.

Graphene is a super-advanced material that has many useful qualities. It is widely used in electronics products, photovoltaic cells, ultra-light vehicles, energy generation systems, and medical implants. It is a unique combination of diamond and graphite, with the best of both worlds.

"When we manage to make devices well on the nanoscale, we can then move on to make much smaller and finer structures that will go beyond conventional transistors to open up the possibility for more sophisticated devices that use electrons more like light than particles," he said. "If we can factor quantum mechanical features into electronics, that is going to open up a lot of new possibilities."