A regional referral centre for NIC was chosen for the study. Sampling of nurses was both purposive and stratified in relation to grade and responsibility, via job description analysis. Nurses chosen for interview were qualified in speciality (QIS). QIS is defined by both Redshaw et al (1993) and by the British Association of Perinatal Medicine (BAPM 1996) as being nurses who have received post-basic training and hold a nationally recognised neonatal qualification. The majority (four out of seven) were 'F' grade junior sisters as their role was seen to have the most direct influence on the developmental outcomes of babies, through both direct clinical care and learner responsibility.