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Urban rail transit (URT) is one of the major passenger transport modes which can ease and improve the situation of urban traffic jam, but its environment pollution on urban has get an increasing concern. The article analyzes the negative influences of the URT operation on the urban environment on the view of ecological environment pollution, including water pollution, noise pollution, air pollution, vibration pollution, traffic disruption and so on, and the positive impacts of the URT operation on the urban environment on the view of improving traffic jam and urban environment quality. Taking NJ Metro line 1 as an example to analyze empirical data, the paper evaluates comprehensively the impact of URT operation on urban environment. The results show that the URT construction plays a positive effect on urban environment, at the same time, a scientific basis has been provided for planning design and management of environmental issues of the URT project.