What can we conclude from this work? Despite promising initial reports suggesting that CWMT is a potentially effective treatment for ADHD, these studies significantly undercut this conclusion. This does not mean that there is no utility to CWMT, however, particularly for individuals with demonstrated working memory deficits. If one’s treatment goal is to enhance working memory, CWMT may have real value. If the goal is to bring ADHD symptoms under control, however, these findings indicate that for most children with ADHD, CWMT would not currently be considered a reasonable substitute for medication and/or behavior therapy.