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Nephron Sparing Surgery in Renal Tumors : A Case Report A 69 yrs old male presented to our OPD with h/o left sided varicocele. A known case of Diabetes, hypertension and bilateral medical renal disease, he underwent MRI abdomen which revealed a large lower pole lesion in left kidney with no renal vein or IVC thrombus. DTPA Scan revealed a 61% function in the affected kidney. Due to his bilateral medical renal disease and poorly functioning contra lateral kidney, he was planned for Nephron Sparing Surgery / partial nephrectomy (L) and DJ Stenting under cold ischaemia. Post op patient initially showed a rise in creatinine levels which gradually settled down to pre operative levels. Before we go into the discussion of partial nephrectomy or nephron sparing surgery (NSS) in RCC, I would like to emphasize on the presenting complaint. Varicocele in the left side is one of the presentation of Left sided kidney mass, which occurs due to the drainage of the gonadal vein into the renal vein on the left side and generally indicates tumor thrombus in the venous system renal/ IVC, however in this case it was because of compression of left gonadal vein by the renal mass. Renal tumors comprise approximately 3.8% of all new cancers with median age at diagnosis of 64 yrs. It is the third most common urological malignancy. The rate of RCC has increased by 1.6% per year for last 10 yrs, the reason of which is unknown. Majority of them are renal cell carcinomas and 80% of them are clear cell variety. Smoking and obesity are high risk factors of RCC. Some genetic diseases are also associated with RCC, like Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) disease. At presentation 25% are locally advanced. More often patient presents with metastatic disease (20%) . Only a few patients present with Virchows Triad - the 'too late triad' ( of hematuria, abdominal pain and flank mass). A CT Scan or MRI of the whole abdomen including pelvis clinches the diagnosis. A NEEDLE BIOPSY IS NOT NE

Shilajit is perhaps the most potent rejuvenator and anti aging block buster ever known to the mankind. Shilajit is found predominately in the Himalayan region bordering India, China, Tibet and parts of central Asia. The Indian Yogis considered ...

Shilajit is perhaps the most potent rejuvenator and anti aging block buster ever known to the mankind. Shilajit is found predominately in the Himalayan region bordering India, China, Tibet and parts of central Asia. The Indian Yogis considered ...

There are numerous kinds of a central venous catheter. The PICC (pronounced "pick") is a CVC that is inserted in the arms instead of a vein in the chest or neck.

"This website is about Vitamin D and MS Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic disease of the central nervous system (CNS), with an uncertain cause. Colleen Hayes and Donald Achaeson have suggested that insufficient sunlight exposure and chronic viral infections might be unrelated environmental risk factors for MS. These risk factors may act synergistically to enable the pathogenic autoimmune response. The prevalence of MS is highest where environmental supplies of vitamin D are lowest. Sunshine enables the production of vitamin D3 (VD3) in the skin. Epidemiological studies have shown that higher vitamin D blood levels are associated with lower risk, less relapses and a slower progression of multiple sclerosis. Higher vitamin D levels can be achieved in part by increased oral intake of VD3. Optimal health requires serum 25 hydroxyvitamin D levels higher than 20 ng/ml (50 nmol/L) P Lips, 40 ng/ml (100 nmol/L) P Heaney or at least 40 ng/ml (100 nmol/L) R Vieth. "

Serotonin or 5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT) is a monoamine neurotransmitter that widely distributed in the vertebrate central nervous system (CNS). As a phylogenetically ancient signaling molecule, 5-HT serves as a target of numerous physiologic regulators, including modulators of gene transcription, neurotrophic factors and steroids.

Hiccups are an uncontrollable reflex of the human body. What exactly goes on within the body to generate this weird sound is highly debated. The fact that hiccups can be heard and seen from fetuses suggests that the central circuit involved in producing hiccups...

Hiccups are unwanted contractions of the diaphragm - the muscle that participates in breathing. Although evolutionary scientists have a few theories, the exact cause and purpose of hiccups is unknown. They remain a unique and age-old feature of the human physiology that continues to elude scientists to this day.

Neuroinflammatory response is primarily an inherent protective mechanism in the central nervous system (CNS). In intact nerves of the CNS, glial cells (including astrocytes and microglia) play a key role in critical support, and can respond to any degree of CNS injury and disease.

Hundreds of online healthcare tools and innovation profiles about infectious diseases.

Find more than 200 online tools and profiles of health care innovations focused on cardiovascular care.

Did you know that West Nile Virus can result in lesions to the part of the eye which gives us our sharp, central vision? With the recently issued mosquito-borne illness advisory, Community Eye Center (CEC) seeks to inform about eye manifestations of the West Nile Virus.