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Nephron Sparing Surgery in Renal Tumors : A Case Report A 69 yrs old male presented to our OPD with h/o left sided varicocele. A known case of Diabetes, hypertension and bilateral medical renal disease, he underwent MRI abdomen which revealed a large lower pole lesion in left kidney with no renal vein or IVC thrombus. DTPA Scan revealed a 61% function in the affected kidney. Due to his bilateral medical renal disease and poorly functioning contra lateral kidney, he was planned for Nephron Sparing Surgery / partial nephrectomy (L) and DJ Stenting under cold ischaemia. Post op patient initially showed a rise in creatinine levels which gradually settled down to pre operative levels. Before we go into the discussion of partial nephrectomy or nephron sparing surgery (NSS) in RCC, I would like to emphasize on the presenting complaint. Varicocele in the left side is one of the presentation of Left sided kidney mass, which occurs due to the drainage of the gonadal vein into the renal vein on the left side and generally indicates tumor thrombus in the venous system renal/ IVC, however in this case it was because of compression of left gonadal vein by the renal mass. Renal tumors comprise approximately 3.8% of all new cancers with median age at diagnosis of 64 yrs. It is the third most common urological malignancy. The rate of RCC has increased by 1.6% per year for last 10 yrs, the reason of which is unknown. Majority of them are renal cell carcinomas and 80% of them are clear cell variety. Smoking and obesity are high risk factors of RCC. Some genetic diseases are also associated with RCC, like Von Hippel Lindau (VHL) disease. At presentation 25% are locally advanced. More often patient presents with metastatic disease (20%) . Only a few patients present with Virchows Triad - the 'too late triad' ( of hematuria, abdominal pain and flank mass). A CT Scan or MRI of the whole abdomen including pelvis clinches the diagnosis. A NEEDLE BIOPSY IS NOT NE

Uterine polyps can be identified as the growth that takes place in the endometrium. The term endometrium describes the inner lining of the uterus or the organ where a foetus grows. They can also be identified as endometrial polyps. There can be an existence of polyps which can range in size from a few millimetres to even more than six centimetres. They are supposed to be rare among those women who are below 20 years of age and takes place more commonly leading up to and after menopause. Menopause can be described as the end time of a woman's fertility. For a woman, the chances of building Uterine Polyps may amplify if she has been obese or overweight and having a presence of high blood pressure or hypertension.

The management of ovarian cysts or ovarian cyst treatment depends on their nature: - A functional cyst usually disappears spontaneously. An observation period can, therefore, be useful in order to see if it resolves on its own. In the opposite case, hormone treatment can be offered (with a highly dosed estrogen-progestogen pill). - In the case of organic cysts, painful and/or bulky functional cysts, surgery can be considered. The reference technique is laparoscopy.

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin that is essential for maintaining normal calcium metabolism (1). Vitamin D3 (cholecalciferol) can be synthesized by humans in the skin upon exposure to ultraviolet-B (UVB) radiation from sunlight, or it can be obtained from the diet. Plants synthesize ergosterol, which is converted to vitamin D2 (ergocalciferol) by ultraviolet light. Vitamin D2 is less active in birds than vitamin D3 and may also be less active in humans (2). When exposure to UVB radiation is insufficient for the synthesis of adequate amounts of vitamin D3 in the skin, adequate intake of vitamin D from the diet is essential for health.

March 13, 2009 -- Whether you drive, take the bus, or bicycle, being in heavy traffic triples your risk of heart attack within one hour. Air pollution from car fumes is the likely culprit, suggest Annette Peters, PhD, and colleagues at the Institute of Epidemiology, Helmholtz Center, Munich, Germany. In a previous study, Peters and colleagues found that a sizeable proportion of heart attacks -- about 8% -- could be attributed to being in traffic. To follow up, the researchers interviewed 1,454 people who survived heart attacks. In the hour before their heart attack, many of the survivors had been in heavy traffic. Analysis of the data showed that these heart-attack-vulnerable people were 3.2 times more likely to suffer a heart attack if they'd been in heavy traffic in the previous hour.

Would you believe that the lettuce you are eating in your dinner salad could possibly be a cure for Type 1 diabetes? A diabetic could be swallowing a capsule containing ground up lettuce with insulin for a few weeks and be cured.

Melanoma can often be found early. There are 5 signs of skin cancer (key warning signs) that you can use as a guide to help you find this cancer early. The ABCDE rule can help you tell a normal mole from an abnormal one. Moles that have any of these signs should be checked by your doctor immediately. Melanoma can be dangerous!

2. The benefits and risks of topiramate should be carefully weighed when prescribing this drug to women of childbearing age, particularly for conditions not usually associated with permanent injury or death. Alternative medications that have lower risk of oral clefts and other adverse birth outcomes should be considered for these patients. If decision is made to use topiramate in women of childbearing age, effective birth control should be used. Oral clefts occur in the first trimester of pregnancy before many women know they are pregnant.

When it comes to cervical polyps, their cause is unknown. Some studies indicate that the cause may be an infection, long-term chronic inflammation of the uterus, or a response to increased estrogen levels. Whereas when we talk about uterine polyps causes, these have no definitive cause but can be affected by estrogen levels, which fuels their growth.

The term oligospermia can be understood as an issue of male infertility illustrated by the presence of low sperm count. It has been said that a fertile man contains a sperm count of 15 to over 200 million sperm per ml of semen and if there is a presence of anything under 15 million sperm, this will be considered as Oligospermia or low sperm count. Ejaculation of sperm count in a man's body can vary throughout life and a healthy sperm amount is considered to be important for fertility.

IVF is in no way, shape or forms an ideal choice for those experiencing issues imagining, however, it's the best alternative that science accommodates accomplish the objective of having an infant. It is an alternative that depends on protecting eggs that would regularly be lost in a given month and getting them to develop inside the lady's body utilizing meds given through infusions. Ouch! When developed, the eggs are deliberately extricated and prepared with sperm. The embryo becomes outside the body to a point where as well as can be expected be chosen (and now regularly tried) preceding returning it to the painstakingly examined infant house (the lady's uterus). For the best way to know and avoid Common IVF Misconceptions browse the link.

Fibroids can be understood as benign tumors through fibrous connective tissues and smooth muscle cells and are developed in the uterus. Talking about uterine fibroids, they are supposed to be the non-cancerous growths of the uterus that often takes place at the time of childbearing years. They expand on the wall of the uterus and also known as myomas or leiomyomas. Browse to know more about Uterine Fibroids Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment.