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allieggg

US weighs sanctions on Libyan factions to try to halt proxy war - 1 views

www.todayszaman.com/-to-halt-proxy-war_363768.html

UN libya militias armed groups war middle east proxy power vacuum sanctions US

shared by allieggg on 13 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • US sanctions would be separate from potential United Nations sanctions that aim to pressure Libyan factions and militias to take part in UN-backed political negotiations to be led by UN envoy Bernardino Leon.
  • The possibility of using UN sanctions to help bring about political talks has been aired publicly.
  • US officials declined to say who they might target with sanctions or why they felt it necessary to look at US. penalties separate from the United Nations. Nor would they detail what sanctions they would propose.
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • If applied, the United Nations sanctions would target individuals or groups involved in the fighting, rather than their foreign backers, and would freeze their assets as well as impose travel bans.
  • struggling for power and control of its oil wealth.
  • two potential reasons for unilateral US action.
  • United Nations moves slowly or not at all, US penalties could be imposed whenever Washington wished.
  • US sanctions could be especially worrisome to Khalifa Haftar, a former Libyan army general who fled to the United States after breaking ranks with Gaddafi and returned to launch a campaign against the Islamists in Benghazi.
  • Western officials believe the involvement of outside powers such as Egypt and the UAE is exacerbating the conflict and that the two countries are arming and funding the more secular forces.
  • Haftar, according to Western officials, has become the major proxy in Libya for Egypt,
  • UAE sees Egypt's leadership as a firewall against militants and has given Cairo financial and military support
  • Saudi Arabia, a supporter of Sisi, is sympathetic to the Egyptian and Emirati involvement in Libya but is not believed to have played any direct role,
  • Qatar and Turkey. Qatar, officials said, has given arms and money to Islamist militias while Turkey has offered moral support.
  • allieggg on 13 Nov 14
     
    The UN is pushing for sanctions to put pressure on Libyan factions and militias to take part in political negotiations. These sanctions would target individual groups rather than the foreign backers involved in the proxy war and would freeze their assets and impose travel bans. US officials have introduced the possibility of using their own sanctions separate from the UN for a few reasons: UN sanctions move slowly if not at all, Washington could impose them whenever they wish. The US places more emphasis on the importance on external actors in the conflict than domestic groups, explaining that these countries are actually intensifying the conflict. 
ysenia

Iran Complies With Nuclear Deal; Sanctions Are Lifted - The New York Times - 0 views

www.nytimes.com/...tions-lifted-nuclear-deal.html

iran sanctions nuclear prisoners

shared by ysenia on 27 Jan 16 - Cached
  • country had followed through on promises to dismantle large sections of its nuclear program.
  • Seven Iranians, either convicted or charged with breaking American embargoes, were released in the prisoner swap, and 14 others were removed from international wanted lists.
  • ysenia on 27 Jan 16
     
    Iran sanctions are lifted after coming to an agreement with the U.S. and E.U. Iran gained control of 100 billion in frozen assets and dismantled a large part of its nuclear program. A prisoner swap took place, releasing American citizens from Iran as well as 7 Iranians being imprisoned in Washington.
ysenia

I.A.E.A. Report on Iran's Nuclear Program - The New York Times - 0 views

www.nytimes.com/...on-iran-s-nuclear-program.html

politics nuclear sanctions iran

shared by ysenia on 27 Jan 16 - Cached
  • ysenia on 27 Jan 16
     
    Documents showcasing proposed sanctions issued by President Obama. It was suggested that Obama pressure Iran by ordering this sanction in regards to their missile testing.
allieggg

Can Libya Rebuild Itself After 40 Years of Gaddafi? - 0 views

www.newsweek.com/f-after-40-years-gaddafi-68601

Gaddafi libya Arab Nationalism recontruction political tabula rasa Revolution politics middle east

shared by allieggg on 12 Nov 14 - No Cached
  • the man has hollowed out the Libyan state, eviscerated all opposition in Libyan society, and, in effect, created a political tabula rasa on which a newly free people will now have to scratch out a future.
  • Jamahiriya, a political system that is run directly by tribesmen without the intermediation of state institutions
  • the problem is, of course, that much like in the former Soviet satellites in Eastern Europe, virtually everyone at one point or another had to deal with the regime to survive.
  • ...25 more annotations...
  • Libya is truly a case apart.
  • the disastrous Italian legacy in Libya, has been a constant element in Gaddafi’s speeches since he took power
  • inspired by Gamal Abdel Nasser, neighboring Egypt’s president, whose ideas of Arab nationalism and of the possibility of restoring glory to the Arab world, would fuel the first decade of Gaddafi’s revolution.
  • he was unimpressed with the niceties of international diplomacy,
  • In a brilliant move that co-opted tribal elders, many of whom were also military commanders, he created the Social Leadership People’s Committee, through which he could simultaneously control the tribes and segments of the country’s military.
  • When it turned out that Libya, which was still a decentralized society in 1969, had little appetite for his centralizing political vision and remained largely indifferent to his proposals, the young idealist quickly turned activist.
  • Green Book, a set of slim volumes published in the mid-1970s that contain Gaddafi’s political philosophy, a blueprint is offered for a dramatic restructuring of Libya’s economy, politics, and society. In principle, Libya would become an experiment in democracy. In reality, it became a police state where every move of its citizens was carefully watched by a growing number of security apparatuses and revolutionary committees that owed loyalty directly to Gaddafi.
  • Having crushed all opposition by the mid-1970s, the regime systematically snuffed out any group that could potentially oppose it—any activity that could be construed as political opposition was punishable by death, which is one reason why a post-Gaddafi Libya, unlike a post-Mubarak Egypt, can have no ready-made opposition in a position to fill the vacuum.
  • The tribes—the Warfalla, the Awlad Busayf, the Magharha, the Zuwaya, the Barasa, and the smallest of them all, the Gadafa, to which he belonged—offered a natural form of political affiliation, a tribal ethos that could be tapped into for support. And perhaps, in the aftermath of Gaddafi, they could serve as a nucleus around which to build a new political system.
  • Gaddafi feared they might coalesce into groups opposing his rule. So, during the first two decades after the 1969 coup, he tried to erase their influence, arguing that they were an archaic element in a modern society.
  • comprehensive reconstruction of everything civic, political, legal, and moral that makes up a society and its government.
  • After systematically destroying local society, after using the tribes to cancel each other out, after aborting methodically the emergence of a younger generation that could take over Libya’s political life—all compounded by the general incoherence of the country’s administrative and bureaucratic institutions—Gaddafi will have left a new Libya with severe and longstanding challenges.
  • the growing isolation of Libya as international sanctions were imposed.
  • Lockerbie was the logical endpoint for a regime that had lost all international legitimacy.
  • while the regime still had the coercive power to put down any uprisings that took place in the 1990s, it became clear to Gaddafi’s closest advisers that the potential for unrest had reached unprecedented levels.
  • way out was to come to an agreement with the West that would end the sanctions, allow Libya to refurbish an aging oil infrastructure, and provide a safety valve by permitting Libyans to travel abroad once more.
  • intent to renounce weapons of mass destruction in December 2003—after a long process of behind-the-scenes diplomacy initially spearheaded by Britain
  • “The Revolution Everlasting” was one of the enduring slogans of his Libya, inscribed everywhere from bridges to water bottles.
  • regime that had, for four decades, mismanaged the country’s economy and humiliated its citizens
  • country was split in half, with eastern Cyrenaica and its main city Benghazi effectively independent—a demonstration of the kind of people’s power Gaddafi had always advocated. Reality, in effect, outgrew the caricature.
  • used a set of divide-and-rule policies that not only kept his opponents sundered from each other, but had also completely enfeebled any social or political institution in the country.
  • Beyond Gaddafi, there exists only a great political emptiness, a void that Libya somehow will need to fill.
  • the creation of a modern state where Libyans become true citizens, with all the rights and duties this entails.
  • the terrorist incidents
  • Regimes can use oil revenues strategically to provide patronage that effectively keeps them in power.
  • allieggg on 12 Nov 14
     
    This article from News Week basically paints a picture of Libyan history and how Gaddafi's reign devastated the state economically, socially, and politically. Author Dirk Vandewalle uses the phrase "a political tabula rasa" which in Latin means a blank slate, to describe the fate of Libya after Gaddafi's rule and convey the extent to which the country has to literally reconstruct every component that makes up a society and its government. He highlights major events that led to the downfall of both the Gaddafi regime and the Libyan state as a whole such as Arab nationalism, Jamahiriya, the Green Book, security apparatuses snuffing all opposition, terrorist incidents, isolation and international sanctions, the Lockerbie bombing, weapons of mass destruction, human right violations, divide and rule policies, and his use of oil revenue to fuel his insurgency. Vandewalle concludes the article with uncertain ideas thoughts towards Libya's future and the way the state is going to literally rebuild themselves from this "blank slate" that Gaddafi left behind. 
jordanbrown16

Iranian Parliament Decides to Reactivate Nuclear Program in Event of New Sanctions - 0 views

jpupdates.com/...ar-program-event-new-sanctions

Iran nuclear sanctions uranium

shared by jordanbrown16 on 09 Feb 15 - No Cached
  • jordanbrown16 on 09 Feb 15
     
    Iran demands U.S. nuclear sanctions be lifted in response to a 2013 deal struck between the Obama Administration and Iran.
fcastro2

Russia to host Syria talks in April | News , Middle East | THE DAILY STAR - 0 views

www.dailystar.com.lb/...host-syria-talks-in-april.ashx

russia syria talks middle east ISIS politics war

shared by fcastro2 on 06 Mar 15 - No Cached
  • MOSCOW: Moscow said Thursday it would host talks between representatives of Syrian President Bashar Assad's regime and opposition figures in April, three months after a meeting between the parties which ended without any concrete results.
  • Moscow - one of Assad's few remaining allies - is trying to kickstart dialogue between the warring parties in a bid to end nearly four years of civil war that has claimed more than 200,000 lives since 2011
  • Two rounds of talks in Geneva ended without success, the last of which took place in February 2014.
  • ...1 more annotation...
  • The document stipulates that a solution to the conflict should be found "politically and peacefully," rejects foreign interference and calls for sanctions to be lifted.
  • fcastro2 on 06 Mar 15
     
    Moscow continues to push for peace talks between all the oppositions groups and the Syrian government. Russia believes that the best way to have peace is to avoid foreign interference and they call for sanctions to be lifted. 
amarsha5

In Tehran, Waiting For Signs Of Change In 'A New World' : Parallels : NPR - 0 views

www.npr.org/...signs-of-change-in-a-new-world

iran sanctions nuclear deal economy

shared by amarsha5 on 18 Feb 16 - No Cached
  • amarsha5 on 18 Feb 16
     
    NPR talks to Iranians hoping for a change in the country's international perception and a prospective lift in economic sanctions on the country through the negotiation of a nuclear deal with the West.
cthomase

Libyan politicians hit by EU sanctions over new government - BBC News - 1 views

www.bbc.com/...world-africa-35944155

revolution Libya politics EU

shared by cthomase on 01 Apr 16 - No Cached
  • cthomase on 01 Apr 16
     
    The European Union has imposed sanctions on three prominent Libyan politicians opposed to the installation of a UN-backed government. The sanctions target the leaders of two rival administrations that have been vying for power amid the chaos after the 2011 overthrow of Muammar Gaddafi. All three face travel bans and asset freezes.
ysenia

Sanctions Experts: Granting Iran Access to Dollars Endangers Global Banking System | Th... - 0 views

www.thetower.org/ndangers-global-banking-system

iran experts banking funding

shared by ysenia on 13 Apr 16 - Cached
  • ysenia on 13 Apr 16
     
    Mark Dubowitz and Eric Lorber explain why Iran should not have access to U.S. funding. It would allow for them to get away with bad behavior and put the U.S in even more binds.
mharcour

Boycott Israel Now - 0 views

www.globalresearch.ca/...5441362

Israel Israeli-Palestinian conflict Palestine South Africa Apartheid Farid Esack BDS

shared by mharcour on 07 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • mharcour on 07 Apr 15
     
    In this Global Research interview, author Adri Nieuwhof speaks with Farid Esack. Esack, chairperson of BDS (Boycott, Divestment, and Sanctions against Israel) South Africa, speaks about his ten year history with the cause and the increasing amount of backlash he is receiving in regards to the organization's stance against Israel. Stating that the Arab Spring eroded much of the local support for Palestine, Esack calls for increased support of BDS.
wmulnea

Libya official calls for OPEC output cut to make room for Iran - 1 views

www.worldoil.com/...tput-cut-to-make-room-for-iran

shared by wmulnea on 09 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • wmulnea on 09 Apr 15
     
    A Libyan official suggests that OPEC should cut production by 800,000 bpd in order to stabilize the market in preparation for an influx of Iranian oil expected after sanctions are lifted.
aavenda2

'Saudi production boost, Iran deal: How crude prices will change?' - RT Op-Edge - 0 views

rt.com/...prices-production-saudi-arabia

saudi crude prices iran

shared by aavenda2 on 11 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • aavenda2 on 11 Apr 15
     
    There are risks that oil price might go down, including if the Iran nuclear deal works out and sanctions are lifted
atownen

How Iran Rejoined the World's Economy in Just 10 Days - The New York Times - 0 views

www.nytimes.com/...ran-gets-down-to-business.html

iran

shared by atownen on 27 Jan 16 - No Cached
  • atownen on 27 Jan 16
     
    REALLY GOOD NEWS - I have been skeptical of our relations with Iran since we agreed to lift sanctions and cease surveillance on their nuclear programs, but as of yesterday, NYTimes reports Iran has turned over a new leaf with not only the U.S., but other nations as well.
ysenia

Adopting The Iran Nuclear Deal: What Does It Mean? : The Two-Way : NPR - 0 views

www.npr.org/...nuclear-deal-what-does-it-mean

politics iran deal missles

shared by ysenia on 27 Jan 16 - Cached
  • ysenia on 27 Jan 16
     
    Explains what is going to happen if the agreement between Iran and the six world powers. Along with a reduction of its uranium stockpile, there will be sanctions relief that some fear could give Iran a stronger ability to destabilize the Mideast.
ysenia

Sanctions alone didn't curb Iran's nuclear ambitions | The Japan Times - 0 views

www.japantimes.co.jp/...t-curb-irans-nuclear-ambitions

nuclear Iran program politics japan U.N.

shared by ysenia on 03 Feb 16 - Cached
  • ysenia on 03 Feb 16
     
    Looking at Iran's nuclear program from a more global perspective. The International Atomic Energy Agency found that Iran had complied and committed to all of its agreements from the previous nuclear deal.
ysenia

Iran awards medals to team that clinched nuclear deal | The Times of Israel - 0 views

www.timesofisrael.com/eam-that-clinched-nuclear-deal

iran nuclear program Tehran

shared by ysenia on 08 Feb 16 - Cached
  • President Hassan Rouhani awarded the “Medal of Merit” to Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif and the “Medal of Courage” to Defense Minister Hossein Dehghan and Vice President Ali Akbar Salehi, who is also the country’s nuclear chief.
  • ysenia on 08 Feb 16
     
    Medal of Merit and Medal of Courage awarded to members who helped reduce the nuclear activities taking place in Iran. Helped to lift economic sanctions placed by UN because Iran met the commitments required.
irede123

Why Hezbollah Might be the Iran Deal's Biggest Loser | Foreign Affairs - 0 views

www.foreignaffairs.com/...iran-deals-bigger-loser

hezbollah iran ISIS syria

shared by irede123 on 05 Apr 16 - No Cached
  • irede123 on 05 Apr 16
     
    "the decision to fork over $100 billion in sanctions relief to Iran as part of last summer's nuclear deal could be the worst thing that's happened to the Lebanese terrorist group Hezbollah in years"
jordanbrown16

Iran flashes military might amid high hopes for nuclear deal - 0 views

www.cnn.com/...iran-parade-pleitgen-amanpour

Iran Nuclear deal ISIS politics war

shared by jordanbrown16 on 21 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • jordanbrown16 on 21 Apr 15
     
    Video: Confidence and optimism brimming in Iran - Iran is up-and-coming power of the Middle East - Only one serious about fighting ISIS. All human societies should unite and wage war against them - Wants better relations with the world Obama remains skeptical and recommends that the threat of sanctions should remain sound until final nuclear agreement with Iran is reached.
fcastro2

Iraq and Syria are 'finishing schools' for foreign extremists, says UN report | World n... - 0 views

www.theguardian.com/...eign-extremists-says-un-report

syria iraq ISIS politics foreign fighters

shared by fcastro2 on 08 Apr 15 - No Cached
  • Iraq and Syria have become “international finishing schools” for extremists according to a UN report which says the number of foreign fighters joining terrorist groups has spiked to more than 25,000 from more than 100 countrie
  • monitoring UN sanctions against al-Qaida estimates the number of overseas terrorist fighters worldwide increased by 71% between mid-2014 and March 2015
  • problem had increased over the past three years and the flow of foreign fighters was “higher than it has ever been historically
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • risen sharply from a few thousand … a decade ago to more than 25,000 today
  • The report said just two countries had drawn more than 20,000 foreign fighters: Syria and Iraq. They went to fight primarily for the Islamic State group
  • ited the “high number” of foreign fighters from Tunisia, Morocco, France and Russia, the increase in fighters from the Maldives, Finland and Trinidad and Tobago, and the first fighters from some countries in sub-Saharan Africa which it did not name. The groups had also found recruits from Britain and Australia.
  • A military defeat of the Islamic State group in Syria and Iraq could have the unintended consequence of scattering violent foreign terrorist fighters across the world
  • while governments are focusing on countering the threat from fighters returning home, the panel said it was possible that some may be traumatised by what they saw and need psychological help, and that others may be recruited by criminal networks.
  • The number of countries the fighters come from has also risen dramatically from a small group in the 1990s to more than 100 today — more than half the countries in the world
  • foreign fighters who travelled to Syria and Iraq were living and working in “a veritable ‘international finishing school’ for extremists”, as was the case in Afghanistan in the 199
  • an urgent global security problem” that needed to be tackled on many fronts and had no easy solution
  • With globalised travel, it said, the chance of a person from any country becoming a victim of a foreign terrorist attack was growing “particularly with attacks targeting hotels, public spaces and venues
  • It said the most effective policy was to prevent the radicalisation, recruitment and travel of would-be fighters.
  • fcastro2 on 08 Apr 15
     
    The fighting in Syria and Iraq has expanded and gained more foreign fighters from many more countries around the world. 
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