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Contents contributed and discussions participated by Gary Brown

Gary Brown

More thinking about the alignment project « The Weblog of (a) David Jones - 0 views

  • he dominant teaching experience for academics is teaching an existing course, generally one the academic has taught previously. In such a setting, academics spend most of their time fine tuning a course or making minor modifications to material or content (Stark, 2000)
  • many academic staff continue to employ inappropriate, teacher-centered, content focused strategies”. If the systems and processes of university teaching and learning practice do not encourage and enable everyday consideration of alignment, is it surprising that many academics don’t consider alignment?
  • student learning outcomes are significantly higher when there are strong links between those learning outcomes, assessment tasks, and instructional activities and materials.
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  • Cohen (1987) argues that limitations in learning are not mainly caused by ineffective teaching, but are instead mostly the result of a misalignment between what teachers teach, what they intend to teach, and what they assess as having been taught.
  • Make explicit the quality model.
  • Build in support for quality enhancement.
  • Institute a process for quality feasibility.
  • Levander and Mikkola (2009) describe the full complexity of managing alignment at the degree level which makes it difficult for the individual teacher and the program coordinator to keep connections between courses in mind.
  • Raban (2007) observes that the quality management systems of most universities employ procedures that are retrospective and weakly integrated with long term strategic planning. He continues to argue that the conventional quality management systems used by higher education are self-defeating as they undermine the commitment and motivation of academic staff through an apparent lack of trust, and divert resources away from the core activities of teaching and research (Raban, 2007, p. 78).
  • Ensure participation of formal institutional leadership and integration with institutional priorities.
  • Action research perspective, flexible responsive.
  • Having a scholarly, not bureaucratic focus.
  • Modifying an institutional information system.
  • A fundamental enabler of this project is the presence of an information system that is embedded into the everyday practice of teaching and learning (for both students and staff) that encourages and enables consideration of alignment.
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    a long blog, but underlying principles align with the Guide to Effective Assessment on many levels.
Gary Brown

Postgraduate Wrath - Brainstorm - The Chronicle of Higher Education - 0 views

  • "So, what I want to know is, why are you wasting money on glossy fundraising brochures full of meaningless synonyms for the word 'Excellence'? And, why are you sending them to ME? Yes, I know that I got a master's degree at your fine institution, but that master's degree hasn't done jack ---- for me since I got it! I have been unemployed for the past TWO YEARS and I am now a professional resume-submitter, sending out dozens of resumes a month to employers, and the degree I received in your hallowed halls is at the TOP OF IT and it doesn't do a ----ing thing."
  • Who knows how smart and conscientious and skilled the graduate really is. He might falter in face-to-face interviews, or have an overly-thin resume. But that doesn't change the fact that the school in question admitted the student, put him through a public policy curriculum, and accredited him. If the writer is a klutz, then that, too, reflects upon the university that trained him.
  • Obviously, this student doesn't recall any non-vocational learning that happened, or doesn't respect it. He even terms the education he received "imaginary."
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    As we wrestle with resistence to employer feedback in assessment, this side of the story gains a bit of press.
Gary Brown

How Group Dynamics May Be Killing Innovation - Knowledge@Wharton - 5 views

  • Christian Terwiesch and Karl Ulrich argue that group dynamics are the enemy of businesses trying to develop one-of-a-kind new products, unique ways to save money or distinctive marketing strategies.
  • Terwiesch, Ulrich and co-author Karan Girotra, a professor of technology and operations management at INSEAD, found that a hybrid process -- in which people are given time to brainstorm on their own before discussing ideas with their peers -- resulted in more and better quality ideas than a purely team-oriented process.
  • Although several existing experimental studies criticize the team brainstorming process due to the interference of group dynamics, the Wharton researchers believe their work stands out due to a focus on the quality, in addition to the number, of ideas generated by the different processes -- in particular, the quality of the best idea.
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  • "The evaluation part is critical. No matter which process we used, whether it was the [team] or hybrid model, they all did significantly worse than we hoped [in the evaluation stage]," Terwiesch says. "It's no good generating a great idea if you don't recognize the idea as great. It's like me sitting here and saying I had the idea for Amazon. If I had the idea but didn't do anything about it, then it really doesn't matter that I had the idea."
  • He says an online system that creates a virtual "suggestion box" can accomplish the same goal as long as it is established to achieve a particular purpose.
  • Imposing structure doesn't replace or stifle the creativity of employees, Ulrich adds. In fact, the goal is to establish an idea generation process that helps to bring out the best in people. "We have found that, in the early phases of idea generation, providing very specific process guideposts for individuals [such as] 'Generate at least 10 ideas and submit them by Wednesday,' ensures that all members of a team contribute and that they devote sufficient creative energy to the problem."
  • The results of the experiment with the students showed that average quality of the ideas generated by the hybrid process were better than those that came from the team process by the equivalent of roughly 30 percentage points.
  • in about three times more ideas than the traditional method.
  • "We find huge differences in people's levels of creativity, and we just have to face it. We're not all good singers and we're not all good runners, so why should we expect that we all are good idea generators?
  • They found that ideas built around other ideas are not statistically better than any random suggestion.
  • "In innovation, variance is your friend. You want wacky stuff because you can afford to reject it if you don't like it. If you build on group norms, the group kills variance."
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    Not as radical as it first seems, but pertains to much of our work and the work of others.
Gary Brown

Fortnightly Mailing: "Data is not the plural of anecdote". Eric Mazur talks about how t... - 3 views

  • Eric Mazur, who teaches physics at Harvard, describes the main innovations he has made in how he runs his courses - and the painstaking empirical research that he has used to guide these changes.
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    Another resource particularly useful for science faculty
Gary Brown

Texas Law Requires Professors to Post Details of Their Teaching Online - Faculty - The ... - 1 views

  • Faculty members and administrators in Texas are speaking out about a recent state law that requires them to post specific, detailed information about their classroom assignments, curricula vitae, department budgets, and the results of student evaluations.
  • Beginning this fall, universities will have to post online a syllabus for every undergraduate course, including major assignments and examinations, reading lists, and course descriptions.
  • All of the information must be no more than three clicks away from the college's home page.
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  • "the worst example of government meddling at a huge cost to the public and for zero public good that I have ever seen."
  • "You get the feeling that the government sees us as slackers," she says. By requiring professors to list every assignment, she says the law interferes with her ability to respond to students' interests and current events and shift to different topics during the semester.
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    another to watch--the politization of the, well, everything
Gary Brown

Online Evaluations Show Same Results, Lower Response Rate - Wired Campus - The Chronicl... - 1 views

  • Students give the same responses on paper as on online course evaluations but are less likely to respond to online surveys, according to a recent study.
  • The only meaningful difference between student ratings completed online and on paper was that students who took online surveys gave their professors higher ratings for using educational technology to promote learning.
  • Seventy-eight percent of students enrolled in classes with paper surveys responded to them, but  only 53 percent of students enrolled in classes with online surveys responded.
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  • "If you have lower response rates, you're less inclined to make summative decisions about a faculty member's performance,"
  • While the majority of instructors still administer paper surveys, the number using online surveys increased from 1.08 percent in 2002 to 23.23 percent in 2008.
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    replication of our own studies
Gary Brown

Want Students to Take an Optional Test? Wave 25 Bucks at Them - Students - The Chronicl... - 0 views

  • cash, appears to be the single best approach for colleges trying to recruit students to volunteer for institutional assessments and other low-stakes tests with no bearing on their grades.
  • American Educational Research Association
  • A college's choice of which incentive to offer does not appear to have a significant effect on how students end up performing, but it can have a big impact on colleges' ability to round up enough students for the assessments, the study found.
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  • "I cannot provide you with the magic bullet that will help you recruit your students and make sure they are performing to the maximum of their ability," Mr. Steedle acknowledged to his audience at the Denver Convention Center. But, he said, his study results make clear that some recruitment strategies are more effective than others, and also offer some notes of caution for those examining students' scores.
  • The study focused on the council's Collegiate Learning Assessment, or CLA, an open-ended test of critical thinking and writing skills which is annually administered by several hundred colleges. Most of the colleges that use the test try to recruit 100 freshmen and 100 seniors to take it, but doing so can be daunting, especially for colleges that administer it in the spring, right when the seniors are focused on wrapping up their work and graduating.
  • The incentives that spurred students the least were the opportunity to help their college as an institution assess student learning, the opportunity to compare themselves to other students, a promise they would be recognized in some college publication, and the opportunity to put participation in the test on their resume.
  • The incentives which students preferred appeared to have no significant bearing on their performance. Those who appeared most inspired by a chance to earn 25 dollars did not perform better on the CLA than those whose responses suggested they would leap at the chance to help out a professor.
  • What accounted for differences in test scores? Students' academic ability going into the test, as measured by characteristics such as their SAT scores, accounted for 34 percent of the variation in CLA scores among individual students. But motivation, independent of ability, accounted for 5 percent of the variation in test scores—a finding that, the paper says, suggests it is "sensible" for colleges to be concerned that students with low motivation are not posting scores that can allow valid comparisons with other students or valid assessments of their individual strengths and weaknesses.
  • A major limitation of the study was that Mr. Steedle had no way of knowing how the students who took the test were recruited. "If many of them were recruited using cash and prizes, it would not be surprising if these students reported cash and prizes as the most preferable incentives," his paper concedes.
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    Since it is not clear if the incentive to participate in this study influenced the decision to participate, it remains similarly unclear if incentives to participate correlate with performance.
Gary Brown

Why Don't Students Study Anymore? - Percolator - The Chronicle of Higher Education - 1 views

  • Here's what they found: In 1961, the average full-time college student spent 40 hours per week on academic work (that's time in class and studying). In 2003, it was 27 hours. The authors figure that 21st-century students spend an average of 10 hours fewer every week studying than their 1961 counterparts. Over the course of a four-year college career, that would add up to something like 1,500 fewer hours spent hitting the books.
  • the difference isn't caused by more people stretching out their college experience. Also, according to the authors, the difference can't be explained by the fact that more students have jobs or by the fact that the makeup of the student body has changed since the sixties. From the paper: "The large decline in academic time investment is an important pattern its own right, and one that motivates future research into underlying causes."In other words, we don't know why. 
  • Here's the abstract for the working paper, which was written by Philip S. Babcock and Mindy Marks
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    the reasons may be in the readers comments, or maybe not.
Gary Brown

Better Monitoring of Teacher-Training Programs Is Recommended - Government - The Chroni... - 0 views

shared by Gary Brown on 30 Apr 10 - Cached
    • Gary Brown
       
      Weird since most Education programs focus on...research mehtods...
  • "There's a lot of talk out there about alternative routes into teaching being very different from traditional routes, and we found that that distinction just is not meaningful," Ms. Lagemann said. Colleges of education vary widely in their methods, and many alternative-certification programs require participants to take classes at colleges and universities, she pointed out. In some cases, students pursuing a traditional education degree and students in an alternative-certification program are in the same class.
Gary Brown

Disciplinary vs. General Teaching Workshops - ProfHacker - The Chronicle of Higher Educ... - 0 views

  • I started to wish that I had the opportunity (or was aware of the opportunity) to participate in more general, broad-based teaching workshops. I've done the disciplinary thing for years; something new could definitely push me in productive ways.
  • But, in my career at least, disciplinary teaching practices have dominated my training, and I've started to look at changing that.
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    An issue we visit from time to time....
Gary Brown

http://genuineevaluation.com/ - 1 views

shared by Gary Brown on 27 Apr 10 - Cached
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    a reminder to note this resource from AEA
Gary Brown

Professors Who Focus on Honing Their Teaching Are a Distinct Breed - Research - The Chr... - 1 views

  • Professors who are heavily focused on learning how to improve their teaching stand apart as a very distinct subset of college faculties, according to a new study examining how members of the professoriate spend their time.
  • those who are focused on tackling societal problems stand apart as their own breed. Other faculty members, it suggests, are pretty much mutts, according to its classification scheme.
  • 1,000 full-time faculty members at four-year colleges and universities gathered as part of the Faculty Professional Performance Survey administered by Mr. Braxton and two Vanderbilt doctoral students in 1999. That survey had asked the faculty members how often they engaged in each of nearly 70 distinct scholarly activities, such as experimenting with a new teaching method, publishing a critical book review in a journal, or being interviewed on a local television station. All of the faculty members examined in the new analysis were either tenured or tenure-track and fell into one of four academic disciplines: biology, chemistry, history, or sociology.
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  • cluster analysis,
  • nearly two-thirds of those surveyed were involved in the full range of scholarly activity they examined
  • Just over a third, however, stood out as focused almost solely on one of two types of scholarship: on teaching practices, or on using knowledge from their discipline to identify or solve societal problems.
  • pedagogy-focused scholars were found mainly at liberal-arts colleges and, compared with the general population surveyed, tended to be younger, heavily represented in history departments, and more likely to be female and untenured
  • Those focused on problem-solving were located mainly at research and doctoral institutions, and were evenly dispersed across disciplines and more likely than others surveyed to be male and tenured.
  • how faculty members rate those priorities are fairly consistent across academic disciplines,
  • The study was conducted by B. Jan Middendorf, acting director of Kansas State University's office of educational innovation and evaluation; Russell J. Webster, a doctoral student in psychology at Kansas State; and Steve Benton, a senior research officer at the IDEA Center
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    Another study that documents the challenge and suggests confirmation of the 50% figure of faculty who are not focused on either research or teaching.
Gary Brown

Evaluations That Make the Grade: 4 Ways to Improve Rating the Faculty - Teaching - The ... - 1 views

  • For students, the act of filling out those forms is sometimes a fleeting, half-conscious moment. But for instructors whose careers can live and die by student evaluations, getting back the forms is an hour of high anxiety
  • "They have destroyed higher education." Mr. Crumbley believes the forms lead inexorably to grade inflation and the dumbing down of the curriculum.
  • Texas enacted a law that will require every public college to post each faculty member's student-evaluation scores on a public Web site.
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  • The IDEA Center, an education research group based at Kansas State University, has been spreading its particular course-evaluation gospel since 1975. The central innovation of the IDEA system is that departments can tailor their evaluation forms to emphasize whichever learning objectives are most important in their discipline.
  • (Roughly 350 colleges use the IDEA Center's system, though in some cases only a single department or academic unit participates.)
  • The new North Texas instrument that came from these efforts tries to correct for biases that are beyond an instructor's control. The questionnaire asks students, for example, whether the classroom had an appropriate size and layout for the course. If students were unhappy with the classroom, and if it appears that their unhappiness inappropriately colored their evaluations of the instructor, the system can adjust the instructor's scores accordingly.
  • The survey instrument, known as SALG, for Student Assessment of their Learning Gains, is now used by instructors across the country. The project's Web site contains more than 900 templates, mostly for courses in the sciences.
  • "So the ability to do some quantitative analysis of these comments really allows you to take a more nuanced and effective look at what these students are really saying."
  • Mr. Frick and his colleagues found that his new course-evaluation form was strongly correlated with both students' and instructors' own measures of how well the students had mastered each course's learning goals.
  • Elaine Seymour, who was then director of ethnography and evaluation research at the University of Colorado at Boulder, was assisting with a National Science Foundation project to improve the quality of science instruction at the college level. She found that many instructors were reluctant to try new teaching techniques because they feared their course-evaluation ratings might decline.
  • "Students are the inventory," Mr. Crumbley says. "The real stakeholders in higher education are employers, society, the people who hire our graduates. But what we do is ask the inventory if a professor is good or bad. At General Motors," he says, "you don't ask the cars which factory workers are good at their jobs. You check the cars for defects, you ask the drivers, and that's how you know how the workers are doing."
  • William H. Pallett, president of the IDEA Center, says that when course rating surveys are well-designed and instructors make clear that they care about them, students will answer honestly and thoughtfully.
  • In Mr. Bain's view, student evaluations should be just one of several tools colleges use to assess teaching. Peers should regularly visit one another's classrooms, he argues. And professors should develop "teaching portfolios" that demonstrate their ability to do the kinds of instruction that are most important in their particular disciplines. "It's kind of ironic that we grab onto something that seems fixed and fast and absolute, rather than something that seems a little bit messy," he says. "Making decisions about the ability of someone to cultivate someone else's learning is inherently a messy process. It can't be reduced to a formula."
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    Old friends at the Idea Center, and an old but persistent issue.
Gary Brown

Faith in Prior Learning Was Well Placed - Letters to the Editor - The Chronicle of High... - 1 views

  • The recognition that a college that offered credit for experiential learning could stand with traditional institutions, while commonplace today, was a leap of faith then. Empire State had to demonstrate its validity through results—educational outcomes—and on that score, it stood tall. In fact, focusing on outcomes, as we did, led many of us to question how well traditional institutions would measure up!
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    an important question.
Gary Brown

YouTube - Assessment Quickies #1: What Are Student Learning Outcomes? - 3 views

shared by Gary Brown on 22 Apr 10 - Cached
  • Assessment Quickies #1: What Are Student Learning Outcomes?
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    a useful resource for our partners here at WSU from a new Cal State partner.
Gary Brown

Accountability Effort for Community Colleges Pushes Forward, and Other Meeting Notes - ... - 1 views

  • A project led by the American Association of Community Colleges to develop common, voluntary standards of accountability for two-year institutions is moving forward, and specific performance measures are being developed, an official at the association said.
  • financed by the Lumina Foundation for Education and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, is now its second phase
  • The project's advocates have begun pushing a public-relations campaign to build support for the accountability effort among colleges.
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  • common reporting formats and measures that are appropriate to their institutions
  • Mr. Phillippe said one area of college performance the voluntary accountability system will measure is student persistence and completion, including retention and transfer rates. Student progress toward completion may also be measured by tracking how many students reach certain credit milestones. Other areas that will be measured include colleges' contributions to the work force and economic and community development.
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    Footsteps....
Gary Brown

How to Prepare Students for Careers - 0 views

  • Educators and industry partners can help students learn these skills through the following three practices:   1. Involve the community
  • Combine academic and technical knowledge That means educators must play on the same team.
  • . Make learning relevant Students need to see the tie between concepts they're learning and their application in life, said Allyson Knox, an academic program manager for Microsoft Corp.'s U.S. Partners in Learning program.
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    walkiing the fine line
Gary Brown

How Colleges Could Better Prepare Students to Tackle Society's Problems - Students - Th... - 1 views

  • Employers increasingly want to hire students who are highly adaptive, who can work in a fast-paced environment, be creative and problem-solve—and these are not necessarily core skills universities focus on. Most universities focus on knowledge acquisition, but what the world requires is much more about learning how to work within a fast-changing environment and be a leader in that context.
  • social entrepreneurship is relevant in different disciplines
  • We're not just bringing them into the classroom, but we're involving them in more research collaborations and conversations, so the learning students do is guided by that.
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  • I just heard from a faculty member at Cornell who has increased the amount of experiential learning she requires for class projects. More students are asking for it, and she's using every opportunity to get people out in the community or talking to people so they can engage in real-world experience.
  • Maryland has created a Center for Social Value Creation
  • Siloed disciplines are one of our biggest challenges. The world doesn't operate in disciplines—its problems and organizations are cross-cutting. The more interdisciplinary people can think and learn, the more equipped they will be to deal with the complexity of the real world.
Gary Brown

News: The Specialists - Inside Higher Ed - 4 views

  • Choosing the academic program at a single university, they say, is a relic of a time before online education made it possible for a student in Oregon to take courses at a university in Florida
  • Much of the talk about this imminent unbundling has come from colleges that predict that students might want to transfer credits from other colleges that might have different missions. But the competition may also come from entities that do not even offer degrees.
  • The company outsources grading and other work to master’s degree-holders in India for much less than it would cost to employ similarly qualified teaching assistants in the United States.
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  • the confluence of several economic factors — particularly rising tuition and the unwillingness of many students to take on exorbitant debt, especially as they see their degree-holding peers struggling to land jobs — may force institutions to consider turning to outside specialists if they want to continue offering certain courses.And if they don’t, Smith says, students will likely turn to the outside specialists themselves.
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    Variations on a theme, but notable now in particular as we debate general education reform.
Gary Brown

New test measures students' digital literacy | eCampus News - 0 views

  • Employers are looking for candidates who can navigate, critically evaluate, and make sense of the wealth of information available through digital media—and now educators have a new way to determine a student’s baseline digital literacy with a certification exam that measures the test-taker’s ability to assess information, think critically, and perform a range of real-world tasks.
  • iCritical Thinking Certification, created by the Educational Testing Service and Certiport, reveals whether or not a person is able to combine technical skills with experiences and knowledge.
  • Monica Brooks, Marshall University’s assistant vice president for Information Technology: Online Learning and Libraries, said her school plans to use iCritical Thinking beginning in the fall.
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    the alternate universe, a small step away...
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