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Kay Bradley

Candidates and the Truth About America - NYTimes.com - 0 views

  • dismal statistics on child poverty, declaring it an outrage that of the 35 most economically advanced countries, the United States ranks 34th, edging out only Romania
  • educational achievement, noting that this country comes in only 28th in the percentage of 4-year-olds enrolled in preschool
  • 14th in the percentage of 25-to-34-year-olds with a higher education
  • ...10 more annotations...
  • infant mortality, where the United States ranks worse than 48 other countries and territories,
  • the United States trails most of Europe, Australia and Canada in social mobility.
  • America is indeed No. 1, he might declare — in locking its citizens up, with an incarceration rate far higher than that of the likes of Russia, Cuba, Iran or China
  • in obesity, easily outweighing second-place Mexico and with nearly 10 times the rate of Japan
  • in energy use per person, with double the consumption of prosperous Germany.
  • This national characteristic, often labeled American exceptionalism, may inspire some people and politicians to perform heroically, rising to the level of our self-image
  • Democrats are more loath than Republicans to look squarely at the government debt crisis indisputably looming with the aging of baby boomers and the ballooning cost of Medicare
  • the self-censorship it produces in politicians is bipartisan, even if it is more pronounced on the left for some issues and the right for others.
  • epublicans are more reluctant than Democrats to acknowledge the rise of global temperatures and its causes and consequences.
  • An American politician who speaks too candidly about the country’s faults, she went on to say, risks being labeled with that most devastating of epithets: un-American.
Kay Bradley

Methodology 2019 | Freedom House - 0 views

  • three-tiered system consisting of scores, ratings, and status.
  • tables for converting scores to ratings and ratings to status, appear at the end of this essay.
  • 0 to 4 points for each of 10 political rights
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  • 15 civil liberties indicators
  • 4 the greatest degree of freedom
  • The political rights questions are grouped into three subcategories: Electoral Process (3 questions), Political Pluralism and Participation (4), and Functioning of Government (3).
  • The civil liberties questions are grouped into four subcategories: Freedom of Expression and Belief (4 questions), Associational and Organizational Rights (3), Rule of Law (4), and Personal Autonomy and Individual Rights (4).
  • For the discretionary question, a score of 1 to 4 may be subtracted, as applicable (the worse the situation, the more points may be subtracted).
  • The highest overall score that can be awarded for political rights is 40 (or a score of 4 for each of the 10 questions). T
  • highest overall score that can be awarded for civil liberties is 60 (or a score of 4 for each of the 15 questions).
  • ach rating of 1 to 7, with 1 representing the greatest degree of freedom and 7 the smallest degree of freedom, corresponds to a specific range of total scores (see tables 1 and 2).
  • A country or territory is assigned two ratings
  • The average of a country or territory’s political rights and civil liberties ratings is called the Freedom Rating
  • upward or downward trend arrow
  • A trend arrow must be linked to a specific change or changes in score, and cannot be assigned if the country had no net change in score
  • Most score changes do not warrant trend arrows.
  • Electoral Democracy
  • designation “electoral democracy” to countries that have met certain minimum standards for political rights and civil liberties;
  • an electoral democracy designation requires a score of 7 or better in the Electoral Process subcategory, an overall political rights score of 20 or better, and an overall civil liberties score of 30 or better.
  • Countries and territories with a rating of 6 have very restricted political rights. They are ruled by authoritarian regimes, often with leaders or parties that originally took power by force and have been in office for decades.
  • hey may hold tightly controlled elections and grant a few political rights, such as some representation or autonomy for minority groups.
  • few or no political rights because of severe government oppression
  • While some are draconian police states, others may lack an authoritative and functioning central government and suffer from extreme violence or rule by regional warlords.
  • limits on media independence
  • estrictions on trade union activities
  • discrimination against minority groups and women.
  • strongly limit the rights of expression
  • frequently hold political prisoners
  • virtually no freedom of expression or association, do not protect the rights of detainees and prisoners, and often control most economic activity.
  • The gap between a country or territory’s political rights and civil liberties ratings is rarely more than two points. Politically oppressive states typically do not allow a well-developed civil society, for example, and it is difficult, if not impossible, to maintain political freedoms in the absence of civil liberties like press freedom and the rule of law.
sammyshrestha

India Gay Sex Ban Is Struck Down. 'Indefensible,' Court Says. - The New York Times - 0 views

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    legally at least, india becomes one of the more progressive countries regarding lgbtq issues
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    Horray!
sharadm2018

For Iraq's Long-Suffering Kurds, Independence Beckons - The New York Times - 4 views

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    As the article mentions, the Kurds are considered the largest ethnic group without a homeland. For the Kurds to finally get their own country would be momentous for them, but many external forces are opposing the vote for secession. Considering the fragility of the Middle East right now, I am very intrigued by this vote in Iraq and what the repercussions could be. 
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    What seems to be long awaited independence for the Kurds from Iraq after Saddam Hussein's atrocities is in trouble because of external worries. Many countries fear a split in Iraq could result in a civil war. In addition, the independent Kurdish state is 20 billion dollars in debt. However, a referendum similar to Brexit will be held soon. The result will not be recognized by the capital Baghdad.
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    I wonder what the discussion of the rise of other oil states has been like in the context of negotiations for the creation of an independent Kurdish state with Kurkuk's oil resources. Especially with the large number of other new governments formed that grew to power with stakes in the oil industry but ended with large amounts of corruption and class divide, I'm curious to know how the Kurds that have been involved in negotiations plan to avoid these pitfalls.
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