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mstayman

Notes for Pages 2-5 - 3 views

States: organizations that maintain a monopoly of violence over a territory Government: elite or leadership that administers a state Legitimacy: the extent to which a government's authority is rega...

started by mstayman on 08 Sep 11 no follow-up yet
Kay Bradley

Opinion | Who Killed the Knapp Family? - The New York Times - 0 views

  • The United States wrested power from labor and gave it to business, and it suppressed wages and cut taxes rather than invest in human capital, as our peer countries did. As other countries embraced universal health care, we did not; several counties in the United States have life expectancies shorter than those in Cambodia or Bangladesh.
  • A low-end worker may not have a high school diploma and is often barely literate or numerate while also struggling with a dependency; more than seven million Americans also have suspended driver’s licenses for failing to pay child support or court-related debt, meaning that they may not reliably show up at work.
  • If we’re going to obsess about personal responsibility, let’s also have a conversation about social responsibility.
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  • First, well-paying jobs disappeared, partly because of technology and globalization but also because of political pressure on unions and a general redistribution of power toward the wealthy and corporations.
  • Second, there was an explosion of drugs — oxycodone, meth, heroin, crack cocaine and fentanyl — aggravated by the reckless marketing of prescription painkillers by pharmaceutical companies.Third, the war on drugs sent fathers and mothers to jail, shattering families.
  • Both political parties embraced mass incarceration and the war on drugs, which was particularly devastating for black Americans, and ignored an education system that often consigned the poor — especially children of color — to failing schools. Since 1988, American schools have become increasingly segregated by race, and kids in poor districts perform on average four grade levels behind those in rich districts.
  • we should be able to agree on what doesn’t work: neglect and underinvestment in children.
  • Job training and retraining give people dignity as well as an economic lifeline. Such jobs programs are common in other countries.
  • The United States focused on money, providing extended unemployment benefits. Canada emphasized job retraining, rapidly steering workers into new jobs in fields like health care, and Canadian workers also did not have to worry about losing health insurance.
  • For instance, autoworkers were laid off during the 2008-9 economic crisis both in Detroit and across the Canadian border in nearby Windsor, Ontario.
  • Another successful strategy is investing not just in prisons but also in human capital to keep people out of prisons.
  • Women in Recovery has a recidivism rate after three years of only 4 percent, and consequently has saved Oklahoma $70 million in prison spending, according to the George Kaiser Family Foundation.
  • We need the government to step up and jump-start nationwide programs in early childhood education, job retraining, drug treatment and more.
  • Nicholas Kristof
Jenna Mowat

Vocabulary for pages 5-9 - 3 views

failed states unitary states federal states devolution political regimes (democratic, authoritarian) executive head of state head of government legislature unicameral legislatures bicameral legis...

started by Jenna Mowat on 07 Sep 11 no follow-up yet
janh97

Cycles of Revenge in Israel and Palestine - 3 views

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    I think it's interesting how this article on the Israel-Palestine conflict puts the conflict into perspective, especially for young readers. The article explains the cycles of revenge that continue to give the violence in the Middle East ammunition. However, the details of the revenge prove relevance because it is about the purposeless murders of teenagers who have nothing to do with the conflict whatsoever. It is also interesting how the writer mentions the irony of all of the immoral killings occurring in a place that has been called "The Holy Land". The article begins with a quote from the Israeli prime minister explaining that Israel is a state of laws. The writer boldly disagrees with this, stating, "This is not what happens in a state of laws". He also accuses Israel's "democracy" as being undemocratically oppressive. Essentially, he is critiquing the leaders on both sides of the conflict and assigning them responsibility for the senseless acts of the killing of innocent youth in the name of revenge.
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    This article is noice. Although the author seems do be significantly anti Israel, he makes a few good points. Does the death of a few people justify the fighting that has been caused by it? The author brings up the point that most Israelis and Palestinians want peace. It is important for people to realize that all of this fighting will simply lead to more fighting.
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    What a powerful argument! No democracy can continue to be healthy if a portion of its population lives under a dictatorship. Also, if anyone is interested, the "Green Line" that author Roger Cohen refers to several times is the "demarcation lines set out in the 1949 Armistice Agreements between Israel and its neighbours after the 1948 Arab-Israeli War." (Wikipedia) Thoughtful, in-depth comments, Jasmine! Oh, and, everyone, this article is super instructive--worth a read for all.
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    Very interesting article but I am on the same boat as Michael. It seems that the author is a little too anti Israel. However, the part about the lawless places controlled by Israel is shocking to me still and I am very disappointed by it. Good article though!
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    This article is both intriguing and thought provoking, however, I do agree that it was written in an anti-Israeli tone. This may be do to the fact that the author failed to touch upon the militancy and violence in Palestine. However, it did shed an interesting light on the "state of laws" and how both nations have seemingly become numb to the constant violence.
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    Sometimes it seems like people forget what they are fighting for
Kay Bradley

In Somali Civil War, Both Sides Embrace Pirates - NYTimes.com - 0 views

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    Somalia pirates and politics and a failed state
olivialum

Welcome to Italy: this is what a real immigration crisis looks like » The Spe... - 2 views

  • Well, Italy has been invaded in just this way, by migrants from many nations all coming over here from Libya. And Italy’s unelected government has agreed to take them all. This makes the Italian people — who are among the least racist in Europe — very angry. It’s hard to blame them.
  • This hugely expensive operation — ‘Mare Nostrum’ — ran until October last year and rescued nearly 190,000 people.
  • ‘They don’t want to be identified here — otherwise, under the Dublin Accords, they would have to stay in our country. So when a police officer is in front of an Eritrean who is two metres tall who doesn’t want his fingerprints taken, he can’t break his fingers, but must respect his human rights.’
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  • Last year, most were from sub-Saharan Africa.
  • It’s worth remembering here that the majority of the boat people are Muslims and reports suggest that a small number are Islamic terrorists. The terrorists of ISIS are, we know from their Twitter feeds, obsessed with taking their crusade to Rome.
  • no intention of staying in Italy
  • has been mired in recession for most of the past six years, with an official unemployment rate of 13 per cent (the real rate is probably 20 per cent) and the youth unemployment rate at a staggering 43 per cent.
  • A couple of months ago, there was much talk about UN sanctioned military action by the EU to stop the smugglers’ boats putting to sea from the Libyan coast.
  • The French have ‘closed’ their border with Italy on the Côte d’Azur in defiance of the Schengen Agreement, which guarantees free movement within member nations. They are rigorously checking trains, cars and even footpaths across the mountains, and sending any illegal migrants back to Italy; they say they have sent back 6,000 this year. The justification is simple: the Italians are failing to identify these people and distinguish economic migrants from refugees. Who can argue with that? The Austrians are doing the same at the Brenner Pass in the Alps.
  • ‘an attack against life’ akin to abortion
  • All of us feel it to be our moral duty to save lives where we can. Yet it cannot be our moral duty to ferry such vast numbers across the Mediterranean into Italy and Europe for ever, unless they are genuine refugees.
  • Prime Minister Renzi tried to pretend that the migrant crisis did not exist, but now that it has turned into an emergency he can remain silent no longer. He blames other EU countries for putting the nation before the union — in this latest meltdown of EU collective responsibility — and the British and the French in particular for getting rid of Muammar Gaddafi and turning Libya into a failed state.
  • ‘Plan B’
maxmouse

Global Data | Fragile States Index - 3 views

shared by maxmouse on 07 Sep 17 - No Cached
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    The 2017 index of failing and fragile states.
Kay Bradley

Moaning Moguls | The New Yorker - 0 views

  • In the past year, the venture capitalist Tom Perkins and Kenneth Langone, the co-founder of Home Depot, both compared populist attacks on the wealthy to the Nazis’ attacks on the Jews.
  • recent work by the economists Emmanuel Saez and Thomas Piketty showed that ninety-five per cent of income gains in the first three years of the recovery went to the top one per cent—a lot of them believe that they’re a persecuted minority.
  • Business leaders were upset at the criticism that followed the financial crisis and, for many of them, it’s an article of faith that people succeed or fail because that’s what they deserve.
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  • If you believe that net worth is a reflection of merit, then any attempt to curb inequality looks unfair.
  • as a classic analysis by the historian James Weinstein showed, the reforms were intended to co-opt public pressure and avert more radical measures
  • they sprang from a pragmatic belief that the robustness of capitalism as a whole depended on wide distribution of the fruits of the system.
  • Committee for Economic Development, which played a central role in the forging of postwar consensus politics, accepting strong unions, bigger government, and the rise of the welfare state.
  • The C.E.D. called for tax increases to pay for the Korean War and it supported some of L.B.J.’s Great Society
  • As Mizruchi put it, “They believed that in order to maintain their privileges, they had to insure that ordinary Americans were having their needs met
  • That all changed beginning in the seventies, when the business community, wrestling with shrinking profits and tougher foreign competition, lurched to the right
  • Today, there are no centrist business organizations with any real political clout, and the only business lobbies that matter in Washington are those pushing an agenda of lower taxes and less regulation. Corporate profits and C.E.O. salaries have in recent years reached record levels, but there’s no sign of a return to the corporate statesmanship of the past (the occasional outlier like Warren Buffett notwithstanding)
  • In the postwar years, American companies depended largely on American consumers. Globalization has changed that—foreign sales account for almost half the revenue of the S&P 500—as has the rise of financial services (where the most important clients are the wealthy and other corporations). The well-being of the American middle class just doesn’t matter as much to companies’ bottom lines
  • Early in the past century, there was a true socialist movement in the United States, and in the postwar years the Soviet Union seemed to offer the possibility of a meaningful alternative to capitalism. Small wonder that the tycoons of those days were so eager to channel populist agitation into reform
  • Today, by contrast, corporate chieftains have little to fear, other than mildly higher taxes and the complaints of people who have read Thomas Piketty. Moguls complain about their feelings because that’s all anyone can really threaten
ershai

Let's Not Pretend That the Way We Withdrew From Afghanistan Was the Problem - 4 views

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    I mentioned this op-ed in a comment on somebody else's post. I linked it in case anybody was interested.
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    I think this article is valid in its argument that the war in Afghanistan and the effort to prop up a government and resist the inevitable was the core issue. That said, it seems awfully dismissive of the horrendous logistical moves from the retreat. It does not mention the army equipment seized by the Taliban that could have easily been avoided, or the fact that many people could have been evacuated before we completely gave up all ground except that airport.
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    I agree that Taliban takeover became inevitable after our involvement in Afghani affairs, a pattern in which we, the self proclaimed "most powerful" country, attempt to control other countries, however we fail to succeed flawlessly despite our military strength.
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    I think that if the United States chose to never involve themselves at all they would still be blamed for the Taliban taking over Afghanistan because of how powerful we are. I believe that there was never a right answer or right way to go about it and the United States made the best decisions they could in a complicated situation.
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    This is a really interesting perspective on this issue and on interventionist foreign policy as a whole. The current situation in Afghanistan is clearly reflective of a larger pattern of American foreign policy and attempted nation building.
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    Thank you for the exchange of ideas here, CoPo students. . . . it sure feels lousy to have left Afghanistan. I do wonder what the next 12 months will bring.
ejeffs

Fact sheet on Somalia's 2016 Elector Process - 2 views

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    Stateless Somalia is attempting to re-legitimize itself by creating a new electoral process for the 2016 election. Somalia's next president will be elected on November 30th. Some interesting aspects to note is that this election is not universal, but putting a process in place is the country's first step to developing universal elections by 2020 and creating more political participation.
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    I think it is especially interesting how hard they are trying to get female representation (1 of ever 3 seats in the House of the People will be contested by only women, 30% of seats in the upper house reserved for women, 16 of 51 delegates required to be women, registration to be a candidate is half as much for women compared to men). I appreciate that they are trying to get diverse representation, but did they go so far as to be a little patronizing? I don't know enough about Somalia to answer, but I'm curious what you think.
larkin smith

Merkel says German multicultural society has failed - 0 views

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    The article I referred to in class today. Says a lot about how Germany's state has/has not progressed since WWII.
Curtis Serrano

In graphics: Eurozone in crisis - 4 views

shared by Curtis Serrano on 14 Oct 10 - No Cached
Kay Bradley liked it
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    very cool infographics on the effect of the recession on EU nations
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    This summer I was living in Spain with two people from Germany, two from Holland, and one person from Turkey. They were constantly talking about how they felt that Greece was ruining the Euro and was causing a lot of the debt of the EU. The people from Germany were particularly hostile and angry towards Greece. It is interesting to now see these statistics, which tend to back up what they were saying.
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    This article/graphic poses an interesting but subliminal question about the future of the European Union, or t least its fiscal stability. Started as the unifier of Europe, the EU rests on shaky ground; lacking a powerful central authority with which it can enforce its rules, the ability for the EU to maintain itself is through the combined cooperation of European nations. This article points out that these countries have "failed to follow their own [economic] laws," with "Greece as the biggest offender." If the trend continues towards a disrespect for the EU's laws by the member countries, there could be far more Greece-like economic situations in Europe, it seems, thus jeopardizing the future of the organization.
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    I love graphic representations of Information! Nice find, Curtis! As a point of comparison, The United States has a national debt of 8.68 trillion. In the U.S., this is 60.8 percent of the American GDP. Source: www.visualeconomics.com › All Infographics
aaron_godinez

When Middle East Conflicts Become One - 5 views

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    I chose this article about the Israel-Palestine conflict because it talks about how this conflict is not an isolated battle between Israel and Palestine. The Op-Ed columnist David Brooks writes that because of all the conflict in the Middle East each country, group, or "political contour" that is striving for power influences the actions of either the Palestinian or Israeli parties. For example, Brooks mentions how Egypt blocked 95% of the tunnels that connected Egypt to Gaza, which costed Hamas $460 million a year. Hamas could not attack Egypt, so they attacked Israel instead. The public dissatisfaction caused Egypt to end the blockade. Thus, the external parties in the Middle East have a large effect on the Israel-Palestine conflict, and Brooks says that the conflict should therefore be analyzed from a different perspective: "It, like every conflict in the region, has to be seen as a piece of the larger 30 Years' War" (Brooks). This article shows us that we need to think a little more broadly when analyzing certain conflicts.
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    Dude. Best. Article. I. Have. Read. About. The. Conflict. Wow. In all seriousness though, this article really opens my eyes to the true reasons why Hamas is attacking Israel. Also never thought I'd see Egypt rooting for Israel but that cool!
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    I also liked this article so much I shared it on fahssbuk!
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    What negative affects, if any, does the loss of $460 million a year have on citizens? How exactly do firing shots at Israel give Middle Eastern powers over each other? Perhaps the recent ceasefires have failed because of the lawmakers' outdated strategies. Maybe the "deft negotiators" themselves do not realize that the conflict is no longer self-contained.
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    It's interesting how this article helps to rid the reader of past notions and assumptions about the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. It touches upon just how global the conflict and its effects are. The violence and chaos that has risen to an all time high is not solely isolated to the region (in geographic and cultural terms). Its interesting to think that Arab nations could/would play "games" with one another, involving the abuse Israel for financial or political gain.
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    I think it's interesting that these outside countries are involving themselves by using all the deaths of the Israelis and Palestinians as leverage to get what they want. The violence in Gaza negatively influences all of its surrounding regions. Violence only brings more violence.
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    This article was a great way to clear the air on many misconceptions that have been floating around that make the Israel-Palestine conflict seem like a very straightforward conflict. This makes it clear that many of the warfare between Israel and Palestine isn't related to conflict between these two nations, rather in some cases it is attempts by Palestinian states and Muslim rebels to show dominance to other Middle Eastern countries and sects in order to make political and economic moves. With so much intertwining of conflict with the Egypt and the Islamists at the Arab Spring and the closing of the 95% of the tunnels being closed between Egypt and Gaza. The Brotherhood, ISIS, and other militant groups are vying for power throughout the Middle East and flexing their muscle on anybody and everybody to establish political dominance.
ntarkoff

Everyday Life In North Korea : NPR - 4 views

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    Interview with Sokeel Park, director of a research and strategy group that aids refugees from North Korea, sheds light on the lives of ordinary North Koreans. He illuminates that North Korea is becoming increasingly more capitalistic in an attempt to lessen their isolation; however, this is all happening under the nose of the North Korean government. Correction: North Korea becomes increasingly capitalistic out of necessity: occurred because the North Korean economy was failing -- North Koreans needed food so they smuggled it into the country. As a result, the North Koreans became less isolated from the outside world. A decrease in isolationism and an increase in capitalism happened independently. -thanks miles
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    I think that the previous comment seems to make assumptions that were not made in the actual article. The article says that due to an economic collapse, some North Koreans have been becoming more capitalistic while simultaneously they have been exposed to more out side media making them less isolated. The previous comment seems to make it seem that the increased capitalism leads to this increased isolation, which is making a inference not stated or explored in the article.
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    With all the focus on North Korean Politics and threats it is interesting to hear about culture and day to day life. With spreading capitalism and western influence in the millennial generation, it gives me hope that there could be change from within North Korea. Granted, the article mentions that no organized resistance exists but I believe it starts with the culture and the proliferation of ideas.
Kay Bradley

COP26: Key Outcomes From the UN Climate Talks in Glasgow  | World Resources I... - 0 views

  • The world still remains off track to beat back the climate crisis.  
  • ministers from all over the world agreed that countries should come back next year to submit stronger 2030 emissions reduction targets with the aim of closing the gap to limiting global warming to 1.5 degrees
  • Ministers also agreed that developed countries should urgently deliver more resources to help climate-vulnerable countries adapt to the dangerous and costly consequences of climate change that they are feeling already —
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  • curb methane emissions,
  • halt and reverse forest loss,
  • align the finance sector with net-zero by 2050
  • ditch the internal combustion engine
  • accelerate the phase-out of coal,
  • end international financing for fossil fuels,
  • “Not nearly enough” to the first question, “yes” to the second. 
  • 151 countries had submitted new climate plans (known as nationally determined contributions, or NDCs)
  • To keep the goal of limiting temperature rise to 1.5 degrees C within reach, we need to cut global emissions in half by the end of this decade.
  • these plans, as they stand, put the world on track for 2.5 degrees C of warming by the end of the century.
  • If you take into account countries’ commitments to reach net-zero emissions by around mid-century, analysis shows temperature rise could be kept to around 1.8 or 1.9 degrees C.
  • some major emitters’ 2030 targets are so weak (particularly those from Australia, China, Saudi Arabia, Brazil and Russia) that they don’t offer credible pathways to achieve their net-zero targets.
  • a major “credibility gap”
  • To fix this problem, these countries’ must strengthen their 2030 emissions reduction targets to at least align with their net-zero commitments. 
  • as well as ramping up ambition
  • the pact asks nations to consider further actions to curb potent non-CO2 gases, such as methane, and includes language emphasizing the need to “phase down unabated coal” and “phase-out fossil fuel subsidies.”
  • This marked the first time negotiators have explicitly referenced shifting away from coal and phasing out fossil fuel subsidies in COP decision text.  
  • this COP finally recognized the importance of nature for both reducing emissions and building resilience to the impacts of climate change,
  • Did Developing Countries Get the Finance and Support They Need? 
  • In 2009, rich nations committed to mobilize $100 billion a year by 2020 and through 2025 to support climate efforts in developing countries
  • developed countries failed to meet that goal in 2020 (recent OECD estimates show that total climate finance reached $79.6 billion in 2019).
  • The Adaptation Fund reached unprecedented levels of contributions, with new pledges for $356 million that represent almost three times its mobilization target for 2022. The Least Developed Countries Fund, which supports climate change adaptation in the world’s least developed countries, also received a record $413 million in new contributions.
  • COP26 also took steps to help developing countries access good quality finance options.
  • For example, encouraging multilateral institutions to further consider the links between climate vulnerabilities and the need for concessional financial resources for developing countries — such as securing grants rather than loans to avoid increasing their debt burden. 
  • COP26 finally put the critical issue of loss and damage squarely on the main stage
  • Climate change is already causing devastating losses of lives, land and livelihoods. Some damages are permanent — from communities that are wiped out, to islands disappearing beneath the waves, to water resources that are drying up.
  • Countries also agreed to operationalize and fund the Santiago Network on Loss and Damage, established at COP25 in Madrid, and to catalyze the technical assistance developing countries need to address loss and damage in a robust and effective manner.  
  • International Carbon Markets.
  • negotiators agreed to avoid double-counting, in which more than one country could claim the same emissions reductions as counting toward their own climate commitments.
  • his is critical to make real progress on reducing emissions.
  • Common Time Frames. In Glasgow, countries were encouraged to use common timeframes for their national climate commitments. This means that new NDCs that countries put forward in 2025 should have an end-date of 2035, in 2030 they will put forward commitments with a 2040 end-date, and so on.
  • Transparency. In Glasgow, all countries agreed to submit information about their emissions and financial, technological and capacity-building support using a common and standardized set of formats and tables.
  • 100 high-level announcements during the “World Leaders Summit"
  • including a bold commitment from India to reach net-zero emissions by 2070 that is backed up with near-term targets (including ambitious renewable energy targets for 2030), 109 countries signing up to the Global Methane Pledge to slash emissions by 30% by 2030, and a pledge by 141 countries (as of November 10) to halt and reverse forest loss and land degradation by 2030 (backed by $18 billion in funding, including $1.7 billion dedicated to support indigenous peoples).  
  • Glasgow Breakthroughs, a set of global targets meant to dramatically accelerate the innovation and use of clean technologies in five emissions-heavy sectors:
  • power, road transport, steel, hydrogen and agriculture.
  • 46 countries, including the U.K., Canada, Poland and Vietnam made commitments to phase out domestic coal,
  • 29 countries including the U.K., Canada, Germany and Italy committed to end new direct international public support for unabated fossil fuels by the end of 2022
  • Beyond Oil and Gas Alliance, led by Costa Rica and Denmark — with core members France, Greenland, Ireland, Quebec, Sweden and Wales — pledged to end new licensing rounds for oil and gas exploration and production and set an end date that is aligned with Paris Agreement objectives
  • Efforts were also made to scale up solar investment
  • new Solar Investment Action Agenda by WRI, the International Solar Alliance (ISA) and Bloomberg Philanthropies that identifies high-impact opportunities to speed up investment and reach ISA’s goal of mobilizing $1 trillion in solar investment by 2030.
  • Non-state actors including investors, businesses, cities and subnational regions also joined collective action initiatives aimed at driving economic transformation.
  • Over 400 financial firms which control over $130 trillion in assets committed to aligning their portfolios to net-zero by 2030
  • banks, asset managers and asset owners fully recognize the business case for climate action and the significant risks of investing in the high-carbon, polluting economy of that past.
  • 11 major automakers agreed to work toward selling only zero-emission vehicles globally by 2040, and by no later than 2035 in leading markets.  
  • In the year ahead, major emitters need to ramp up their 2030 emissions reduction targets to align with 1.5 degrees C, more robust approaches are needed to hold all actors accountable for the many commitments made in Glasgow, and much more attention is needed on how to meet the urgent needs of climate-vulnerable countries to help them deal with climate impacts and transition to net-zero economies.
Kay Bradley

The economy still centre stage ahead of Angola's elections | Elections News | Al Jazeera - 4 views

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    When I see a developing nation with an economy that is based almost entirely off of the oil industry, that is a red flag. Oil is an extremely volatile market, and it will continue to be as altrernative forms of energy are sought out and the demand for oil decreases. You can see even today that an oil-based economy has links to many failed states or authoritative governments, such as Saudi Arabia, the UAE, Venezuela, and Iraq. This point should be especially concerning for those in Angola looking forward at their economy's future. I would like to learn more about what the government and its people hope to do to adapt to the rapidly changing world.
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    We'll look at the dilemma of "resource trap countries" later in this course. The basic problem is that the government is accountable (effectively) to the owners of the resource extraction process, which usually are multinational corporations. So what the majority of the population wants and needs is immaterial.
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