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Todd Suomela

ICEO | IEEE Committee on Earth Observation - 0 views

www.ieee-earth.org

earth-science engineering geography geology remote-sensing satellite

shared by Todd Suomela on 21 May 08 - Cached
  • The IEEE Committee on Earth Observation (ICEO) facilitates broad-based IEEE participation in the Group on Earth Observations (GEO) and its international effort to create a Global Earth Observation System of Systems (GEOSS) for applying Earth observation data and information for societal benefits. The focus of GEO and ICEO is helping to improve living conditions, particularly in developing countries, through the development of GEOSS, a realizable global resource for decision makers at all levels. To support this development, GEOSS requires the broad range of skills embodied in the IEEE membership from System of Systems (SoS) engineering and communication to standards and information applications.
Todd Suomela

OnTheCommons.org » The Public Domain as a "Jungle" - 0 views

www.onthecommons.org/content.php

commons intellectual-property

shared by Todd Suomela on 31 Oct 08 - Cached
  • Todd Suomela on 31 Oct 08
     
    Terms of Use: Negotiating the Jungle of the Intellectual Commons, Eva Hemmungs Wirtén offers up an internationally minded, interdisciplinary meditation on the "intellectual commons." Wirtén, a professor at Uppsala University in Sweden, is developing a sophisticated new frontier of public domain scholarship.
Todd Suomela

The Drama of the Commons - 0 views

books.nap.edu/catalog.php

academic book commons research

shared by Todd Suomela on 04 Jun 08 - Cached
  • Todd Suomela on 04 Jun 08
     
    The "tragedy of the commons" is a central concept in human ecology and the study of the environment. It has had tremendous value for stimulating research, but it only describes the reality of human-environment interactions in special situations. Research over the past thirty years has helped clarify how human motivations, rules governing access to resources, the structure of social organizations, and the resource systems themselves interact to determine whether or not the many dramas of the commons end happily. In this book, leaders in the field review the evidence from several disciplines and many lines of research and present a state-of-the-art assessment. They summarize lessons learned and identify the major challenges facing any system of governance for resource management. They also highlight the major challenges for the next decade: making knowledge development more systematic; understanding institutions dynamically; considering a broader range of resources (such as global and technological commons); and taking into account the effects of social and historical context. This book will be a valuable and accessible introduction to the field for students and a resource for advanced researchers.
Todd Suomela

On the Commons: A Public Interview with Massimo De Angelis and Stavros Stavrides | e-flux - 0 views

www.e-flux.com/...-angelis-and-stavros-stavrides

commons economics politics activism marxism capitalism peer-production online enclosure

shared by Todd Suomela on 06 May 12 - No Cached
  • The identification of “new enclosures” in contemporary capitalist dynamics urged us to reconsider traditional Marxist discourse on this point. What the Marxist literature failed to understand is that primitive accumulation is a continuous process of capitalist development that is also necessary for the preservation of advanced forms of capitalism for two reasons. Firstly, because capital seeks boundless expansion, and therefore always needs new spheres and dimensions of life to turn into commodities. Secondly, because social conflict is at the heart of capitalist processes—this means that people do reconstitute commons anew, and they do it all the time. These commons help to re-weave the social fabric threatened by previous phases of deep commodification and at the same time provide potential new ground for the next phase of enclosures.
  • Commons are not simply resources we share—conceptualizing the commons involves three things at the same time. First, all commons involve some sort of common pool of resources, understood as non-commodified means of fulfilling peoples needs. Second, the commons are necessarily created and sustained by communities—this of course is a very problematic term and topic, but nonetheless we have to think about it. Communities are sets of commoners who share these resources and who define for themselves the rules according to which they are accessed and used. Communities, however, do not necessarily have to be bound to a locality, they could also operate through translocal spaces. They also need not be understood as “homogeneous” in their cultural and material features. In addition to these two elements—the pool of resources and the set of communities—the third and most important element in terms of conceptualizing the commons is the verb “to common”—the social process that creates and reproduces the commons.
  • Stavros Stavrides: First, I would like to bring to the discussion a comparison between the concept of the commons based on the idea of a community and the concept of the public. The community refers to an entity, mainly to a homogeneous group of people, whereas the idea of the public puts an emphasis on the relation between different communities. The public realm can be considered as the actual or virtual space where strangers and different people or groups with diverging forms of life can meet. The notion of the public urges our thinking about the commons to become more complex. The possibility of encounter in the realm of the public has an effect on how we conceptualize commoning and sharing. We have to acknowledge the difficulties of sharing as well as the contests and negotiations that are necessarily connected with the prospect of sharing.
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