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Liu He

Network Capital: an expression of social capital in the Network Society | Acevedo | The... - 4 views

ci-journal.net/...317

social networks network capital knowledge-intensive process

shared by Liu He on 05 Nov 11 - Cached
    • alperin
      alperin on 05 Nov 11
       
      this journal is using the software I write, Open Journal Systems :)
  • positive externalities like the decentralization of initiative-taking and the spreading of responsibilities in a more democratic and participatory governance structure.
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 06 Nov 11
       
      Assumption that these would be positive? Direct democracy is not necessarily the best choice if the people participating in it are not keeping up with remaining educated about issues. The statement "decentralization of initiative-taking" remindeds me a lot of Stanford. Is it effective to be so decentralized?
    • Liu He
      Liu He on 09 Nov 11
       
      Not always. Yes, Jenn is right. Will people's initiatives have a negative impact on the public goods if they are not clear about what they are participating and the potential effects of their participation?
  • genetic in our ability to pool together for common goals
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 06 Nov 11
       
      Only if they are in our "tribe"
  • ...15 more annotations...
  • product of personal community networks as well as of formally institutionalized groups.”
  • Network capital could then be understood as a measure of the differentiated value in the Information Age that communities structured as social networks generate on the basis of electronic (digital) networks for themselves, for others and for society as a whole.
  • social as well as economic terms
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 06 Nov 11
       
      Economic = marketing campaigns, things that go viral, bad reviews?
  • combination of attributes
  • communal cyberplace
  • individuals to behave as ‘global citizens’, and to become involved in actions and issues not bounded by their physical location.
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 06 Nov 11
       
      Might be a problem if trying to push an agenda on another part of the world when you are not part of that culture/community. Especially if those that live there do not have access to the Internet and so can't participate in matters that affect them
    • Liu He
      Liu He on 09 Nov 11
       
      The concept of "global citizen" sometimes is tricky. People have a limited view of the world, especially of the international affairs they actually are unfamiliar with. And sometimes the view is distorted, when people rely heavily on certain news media's coverages and editorials concerning what happens abroad.
  • ‘all for the love of it’
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 06 Nov 11
       
      Or for self promotion?
  • global citizen will have more possibilities to become involved in social causes, with lesser constraints of place or time.
  • social cohesion is critical for advancing human development
  • Participation, trust, solidarity and reciprocity, grounded in a shared understanding and a sense of common obligations
    • Liu He
      Liu He on 09 Nov 11
       
      Trust, reciprocity and volunteer activities seem to be at the core of social capital.
  • It is a result of cooperation via electronic networks, and in turn fosters the habit of such cooperation.
  • volunteer action and contributions
  • Benefiting from the Internet, neither distance nor time constraints irrevocably limit the involvement of a significantly wider group of participants, many of whom may undertake this participation as volunteers
  • The collaborative working methods are sure to resonate with some of the people involved, who would apply them later in other spheres. Some of the relationships initiated by the projects would become lasting human bonds, either for professional or personal purposes.
  • by the distributed methods and electronic technologies which are inherent to networked operations in our days
S Chou

Barry Wellman - Physical Place and Cyber Place: The Rise of Personalized Networking - 1 views

homes.chass.utoronto.ca/...ijurr3a1.htm

shared by S Chou on 28 Oct 11 - Cached
  • Rather than fitting into the same group as those around them, each person has his/her own "personal community" (Wellman and Leighton 1979; Wellman 1999a).
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 28 Oct 11
       
      I wonder how the idea of a personal community fits into someone's identity. Particularly teens or young adults, who are still forming their identity. Does creating a group of people in a community centered on you prolong or expediate the process of identity formation?
    • S Chou
      S Chou on 29 Oct 11
       
      SC - The Boyd article touches on this, and it seems like identity formation is as complicated as ever. I'm not sure if constant egocentric self-articulation changes the process of identity formation so much as it magnifies and reveals the process itself. People have always had to ultimately form and articulate identity on their own terms, in conversation/negotiation with groups and communities.
  • individuating nature
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 28 Oct 11
       
      I see a duality in this individuating nature with the uprising of collective action online. Can the two really exist together and both thrive? Maybe this is similar to the "seemingly-conflicting" ideas of democracy and capitalism?
    • S Chou
      S Chou on 29 Oct 11
       
      SC - There is certainly individual choice and formation of individual identity within aspects of collective action. Social networks seem to make the connection and dissemination of both much more visible and active than before.
  • forecast a century ago by E.M. Forster 1909
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 28 Oct 11
       
      Reference to a recommended reading from Week 3 - The Machine. If you haven't read it was an interesting little sci-fi short story that was a quick read
  • ...43 more annotations...
  • Just as employers complain about workers' use of the Internet for personal matters, family members complain that their loved ones are tied to their computers during their supposed leisure hours
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 28 Oct 11
       
      Is internet use leading to collapsing contexts offline as well?
    • S Chou
      S Chou on 29 Oct 11
       
      Our ties to place are getting increasingly transformed by increasingly mobile technology. We are so used to defining context in terms of geographic location that I definitely think contexts are collapsing everywhere. 
  • Contextual sense and lateral awareness will diminish.
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 28 Oct 11
       
      A little concern about this idea - if you're not exposed to something, how do you know if you do or don't like it? Connecting to education, this gets at the idea of choice: should we let kids choose to study what they are interested in, or are there some things that everyone "just needs to know"?
    • S Chou
      S Chou on 29 Oct 11
       
      SC - There are two interesting strings to follow here, the idea of increased globalization and access to new ideas, and the idea of increased autonomy and personal choice. On one hand, we have access to more knowledge than ever but on the other hand we have greater ability to filter, ignore, and not participate since group norms hold less power over individuals. Maybe the key here is to teach kids to be interested, and to have the tools/skills needed to pursue their interests. 
  • the spread of wireless towers to physically isolated and impoverished "fourth world" areas
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 28 Oct 11
       
      I feel like this might be exaggerated (and this was written back in 2001!). I know of, and have been in, plenty of countries/areas where people do not have easy access to cell phones, much less the internet. Even in the United States, there are large groups of people - of all ages - that are not comfortable using a computer because of access issues
    • S Chou
      S Chou on 29 Oct 11
       
      SC - This also paints a picture of technology use as only for global good, not for increased advertising, consumerism, and replicating power structures/agendas that already exist. I do not agree with the idea that increased communication is necessarily better.
  • neighbourhoods are not important sources of community.
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 28 Oct 11
       
      This is quite a generalization...I wonder if there is some data on this somewhere. Public schools in most of the country are still very much community-based and these interactions can drive a lot of community feeling. And I still come in contact with a lot of people that live near family.
  • decreased commitment of each milieu to its inhabitants' well-being.
  • People must actively maintain their sparsely-knit ties and fragmented networks.
  • No more are people identified as members of a single group; they can switch among multiple networks.
  • development of person-to-person connectivity has been influenced more by innovations in communication than in transportation.
  • "The nuclear family may be on a comeback," a Rogers ATT mobile phone advertisement says on Toronto radio (CFMX, Feb. 13 2000:0813EST) with no sense of irony. Dad is bowling with the boys, Mom is on the road making presentations, son Dick is at his computer club, and daughter Jane is out of town visiting her biological Dad. Yet they all can stay connected at low cost through flat-rate national mobile phone calling.
  • norms of this inherently person-to-person system foster the intrusion of intensely involving private behaviour into public space
  • totally self-absorbed
  • , and they seem to think that the impact of their actions on other people are absolutely inconsequential.
  • Women have set the rules of the community game in place-to-place relationships and borne the burden of community keeping. If person-to-person community means that it is every person for him/herself, then we might expect to see a gendered re-segregation of community (as in Elizabeth Bott's England, 1957) with the possibility that men's communities will be smaller than networking-savvy women (Wright 1989; Moore 1990; Wellman 1992a, Bruckner and Knaup 1993).
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 28 Oct 11
       
      Are there gender differences in the number of connections men have online vs. women? Maybe could look at Facebook friends?
    • S Chou
      S Chou on 29 Oct 11
       
      SC - Yeah, this seems like an assumption of Wellman's that I'm not sure I agree with.
  • Research shows that people interact happily and fruitfully online (for the most part) and in ways similar to face-to-face contac
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 28 Oct 11
       
      Appears to be meeting the human needs that were brought up in the first class
  • Will the Internet promote two-person interactions at the expense of interactions happening in group or social network contexts?
  • these are always deliberate choices.
  • Agency is a need as well as an analytic category.
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 28 Oct 11
       
      But how does agency fit in with social norms? It was brought up in discussion that people are expected to always be available in some way
    • S Chou
      S Chou on 29 Oct 11
       
      SC - I think personal agency definitely gets overrun by some social norms, the difference between work norms and other community norms will yield different effects on agency as well. 
  • The bad news is that schools do not formally teach networking skills.
  • Fortunately, poorer groups in society have always networked heavily for the want of other resources. The problem will be to move from local networking and migrant networking to cyber-networking (Lomnitz 1977; Roberts 1978, Espinoza 1999). It may be then that network capital may provide a partial way of coping with a lack of other forms of capital.
  • The Internet's very lack of social richness can foster contact with more diverse others.
    • Jennifer Bundy
      Jennifer Bundy on 28 Oct 11
       
      I don't think this prediction came to pan out...
  • Despite the Internet's potential to connect diverse cultures and ideas, people are drawn to online communities that link them with others sharing common interests or concerns. They may be more diversified than "real life" community in their gender, ethnicity and socioeconomic status, but they still communicate about only a limited set of topics and ideas.
  • They are truly in cyberplaces, and not just cyberspaces
  • Participants in online groups have strong interpersonal feelings of belonging, being wanted, obtaining important resources, and having a shared identity.
  • Many ties operate in both cyberspace and physical space, used whatever means of communication is convenient and appropriate at the moment.
  • This is a time for individuals and their networks, not for groups. The all-embracing collectivity (Parsons 1951; Braga and Menosky 1999) has become a fragmented, personalized network. Autonomy, opportunity, and uncertainty rule today's community game.
  • Yet the rapid emergence of computer-mediated communications means that relations in cyberplaces are joining with relations on the ground
  • it is when technological changes become pervasive, familiar and boring, that they affect societies the most
  • relations in cyberplaces are joining with relations on the ground
    • S Chou
      S Chou on 29 Oct 11
       
      Joining in complicated ways that involve navigating the impact of new technology. Definitely not literal or exact transfers of relationship. Joining/replacing/transforming?
  • become less aware of the importance of gospel music to southern Americans, farm news to midwesterners, and hip-hop to northeastern city dwellers
    • S Chou
      S Chou on 29 Oct 11
       
      Does this imply that society in general will become a more homogenous? 
  • personalization need not mean individual isolation
  • truly personal communities
  • Telephones allow much more body movement and glances at others than does personal computing
    • S Chou
      S Chou on 29 Oct 11
       
      Does the fact that physical acts of personal computing are so independent of others contradict with ideas of social networking as increased connectivity? To what degree does our physical behavior impact our experience with technology?
  • They regard their email address and alias as parts of their personal identity
  • Their awareness and behaviour is totally in private cyberspace even though their bodies are in public space.
  • email supports (a) within-network broadcasts; (b) personal communications between one or multiple friends, and (c) public address systems to strangers
  • digital computer networks convey more information per second than analogue telephone networks
  • Would we be wiser to wonder if online interaction will develop its own strengths and create its own norms and dynamics?
  • privatization may be responsible for the lack of informal help given to strangers who are in trouble in public spaces
  • People must maintain differentiated portfolios of ties to obtain a variety of needed and wanted resources
  • people with strong ties are more likely to be socially similar and to know the same persons, they are more likely to possess the same information. By contrast, new information is more apt to come through weaker ties better connected with other, more diverse social circles.
  • Where person-to-person community is individualizing, role-to-role community deconstructs a holistic individual identity
  • Cyberspace fights against physical space less than it complements it
  • false dichotomy
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