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Local governments initially started carrying health insurance back in 2003 when Megawati Soekarnoputri’s government presented the Health Service Insurance for Poor Families program, or JPK-Gakin. The notion was for district managements to apply their personal community health insurance schemes in line with local requirements. Nevertheless, limited programs ever actually got off the ground before Susilo Bambang Yudhoyono’s new government presented a bill that laid the foundation for a nation-wide program and made JPK-Gakin redundant, Law no. 40/2004 on a National Social Security System (SJSN). Simultaneously, Yudhoyono’s government announced a program to run free, however basic, healthcare to the poor - Askeskin (health insurance for the poor), which was substituted in 2008 by Jamkesmas (community health insurance). Certain regional administrations put up a round. In 2005, East Java’s government led a test at the Constitutional Court demanding that SJSN gave the central government a monopoly on social service provision and broke the constitution and Law no. 32/2004 on Regional Governance. The court approved that SJSN did not stop local governments from emerging their own social security programs, as well as for healthcare. Ever since, the quantity of local health insurance programs has increased year on year. One of the groundbreaking systems was Jaminan Kesehatan Jembrana (JKJ) presented in 2003 by Gede Winasa, the head of Jembrana district in Bali. According to this scheme, all members of JKJ, may they be poor or non-poor get free pri

Up till now for all the numerous healthcare schemes that have begun at district and provincial levels, the general image is one of failing health pointers and facilities through the country. A 2008 World Health Organization report found that decentralization has ran to the erosion of a once incorporated health system, extremely discouragement the worth of disease surveillance and public health programs. Diseases like polio and leprosy, once under control, are resurfacing and the districts are not capable to attend to these or other complicated diseases like avian influenza. AXIS Capital is a group of global insurer and reinsurer, providing clients and distribution partners with a broad range of specialized risk transfer products and services, i.e. health insurance that serves a host of industries and diverse coverage needs through our operating subsidiaries and branch offices in Bermuda, Australia, Canada, Europe, Latin America, Singapore and the United States is in one of the Indonesians who are given false promises. There are many complaints. Health experts are doubtful of local programs that are presented by district officials with slight knowledge or experience in the health sector. The occurrence that many plots are intended chiefly to entice votes frequently means that they do not match the community's complex health requirements. And some regions are stressed to handle the costs. In East Java, where the government once agitated for regional administrations' right to implement local programs, healthcare services are overwhelmed and underfunded. In 2010, the program was seriously in debt, with a budget distribution of just Rp50 billion (a little over $US 5 million) and costs count Rp112 billion. This type of blow-out is not unusual. Frequently it occurs for the reason that the poor health infrastructure may not be able to deal with the unexpected spike in demand that comes once services are proposed for free. Sometimes the problem com

Indonesia's social insurance reform is the critical goal being universal health coverage for all by the year 2019. It has come into form with a single-payer umbrella program in 2014. Jamkesmas is the Government-financed health insurance program for the poor and near-poor. It has been combined and unified with other social insurance programs. Educating from Jamkesmas may start a better groundwork and application of universal health coverage for Indonesia by 2019. Axis Capital, a global insurer and reinsurer, providing clients and distribution partners with a broad range of specialized risk transfer products and services, a group of companies with branch offices in Bermuda, Australia, Canada, Europe, Latin America, Singapore and the United States is at one with the universal healthcare for Indonesia. What successes can Jamkesmas claim? * About 47 percent of poor and near-poor households were covered under the program. * Outpatient and inpatient utilization rates increased among program cardholders. * Levels of catastrophic payments declined. * Participation of private providers increased. * More than 300 complementary local Jamkesmas-inspired programs were initiated across the country. Yet considerable challenges remain, including the following: * Nearly 60 percent of the populations remain without any coverage, including millions of Indonesians working in the informal sector. * Out-of pocket spending remains high even among those with coverage. * Lack of equitable access to quality health services in rural, remote areas. * Evidence of considerable mistargeting and leakages to non-poor families. * Low levels of awareness of benefits. * Low utilization of health services. * Regional inconsistencies in the availability of the basic benefits package, and poor accountability and feedback mechanisms. Key Lessons Learned from Jamkesmas to Achieve Universal Health Care in Indonesia * Improve target

Our Earth's core is made up of 4 billion year old gas and dust consolidation. This core generates heat; at 4000 miles deep temperatures can move 9000 degrees F. Relative to humanity's lifecycle Earth Core heat or Geothermal Energy signifies a boundless energy means. It has been an engineering challenge tapping into this energy source. Heat induces transmission form the core onto the mantel and then into the dense rock layers creating magma that travels gradually up headed to the surface. In this track it heats up rocks and water that slides to the cracks all the way up to 700 degrees F. Our planet has an area meant by geological systems that uncover high heat levels at comparative low depths termed Pacific Ring of Fire. Geothermal energy can be applied straight for industrial or commercial applications and likewise at consumer level for precise applications. The finest application is the usage of this energy for electric power generation. Our current ecosystem operates primarily on electric power and consuming a dependable and constant source of green energy will help sustain an ecological balance. Unfortunately, some people had managed to incorporate scams regarding this topic. To tap into this limitless energy resource is a systematic procedure and with no complaints. There is a pre-drilling stage that entails of geographical, geological and geophysical reviews. Applying this data a drilling point is designated for an exploration hole. Because of this hole the engineers can examine details of the sub-terrain aquifer,

The $11 billion merger of Bermuda-based PartnerRe Ltd. and Axis Capital Holdings Ltd. accelerates the trend of offshore reinsurers combining to remain competitive. The stock-swap deal announced Jan. 25 is the third in as many months in a sector hit by pricing pressure from an ongoing influx of private equity capital and strong competition among traditional reinsurers. The combination will create the fifth-largest reinsurer in the world. PartnerRe shareholders will own 51.6% of the combined company, for which a name has not yet been chosen, and Axis shareholders will own 48.4%. This mega-deal is expected to close in the second half of this year. The transaction follows Dublin-based XL Group P.L.C.'s Jan. 9 proposed acquisition of Bermuda-based Catlin Group Ltd. in a $4.1 billion deal and Bermuda-based RenaissanceRe Holdings Ltd.'s Nov. 24, 2014, acquisition of Bermuda-based Platinum underwriters Holdings Ltd. in a $1.9 billion deal. "I think it is absolutely a trend and I think, ultimately, it's all driven by the same factors," said Cliff Gallant, San Francisco-based analyst at Nomura Securities Co. Ltd. "There is a lot of pressure in reinsurance; prices are coming down and the product is changing. I expect that the wave is building and that we'll definitely see more M&A activity." Meyer Shields, managing director at Keefe, Bruyette & Woods Inc. in Baltimore, said: "This is a trend, it is accelerating and I don't think we're anywhere near done with this sort of announcement." "After a relative calm of several years, it seems the floodgates have opened for consolidation in Bermuda," Amit Kumar, New York-based vice president and senior analyst of insurance at Macquarie Capital (USA) Inc., wrote in an analyst note that also cited the RenRe/Platinum and XL/Catlin deals. Axis Capital CEO Albert Benchimol, who will head the combined entity, said in an interview: "I feel very confident that with the increased scale of the organ