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Emily B

Mubarak's Egypt - 'End this Corrupt Regime' « @ggregator - 0 views

temporaryartist.wordpress.com/...d-this-corrupt-regime%E2%80%99

shared by Emily B on 11 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • that the rich and powerful are friendly with Mubarak. 
  • co-owner of Easter Mediterranean Gas Company, Hussein Salem, is a good friend of President Mubarak.
  • When not selling Egypt’s natural gas to Israel (Gas started flowing in 2008) he also happens to be a hotel magnate and  arms-dealer.
  • ...8 more annotations...
  • estimates run that Mubarak regime has over 17,000 political prisoners
  • Unemployment runs at about 26.3 per
  • $62 billion dollars has flown into Egypt since 1977 from the US in aid.  Most Egyptians get by on $2 a day.
  •   Relations with Israel appear to be quite friendly in the background, up to and including gassing people in tunnels leading out of Gaza, and keeping the border firmly shut at Rafah, even when Israel goes to war against the Palestinians.
  • Egypt is building a wall 18 meters underground made from super-strength steel in order to seal off all tunnels that lead into Gaza.  The Mubarak regime first of all kept this a secret
  • Mubarak does not have an enemy in Israel, he has a market.
  • enemies are at home.  They are internal and are leftist, human rights activists and above all, Islamists.   This has lead to regular torture of people in police stations and to the establishment of the Ministry of the Interior
  • because the Muslim Brotherhood won 88 of 160 seats in Legislative elections in 2005.  Since then they’ve been put back in their box.  They were refused the right to run in elections to the upper house, polling stations were attacked and arrests followed. An Emergency law exists which conveniently for Mubarak does not allow freedom of assembly, which curtails the possibility of any political movement or party getting off the ground.
Emily B

BBC News - Egypt country profile - 0 views

news.bbc.co.uk/...737642.stm

shared by Emily B on 11 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • stepped down in February 2011 after 30 years in power.
  • was responding to weeks of street protests, which began in January 2011, only days after the president of Tunisia fled a popular uprising.
  • vice-president announced Mr Mubarak's resignation and said he had handed power to the army
  • ...5 more annotations...
  • the only opposition organisation which has broad public support, the Muslim Brotherhood, is banned from open political activity and could not field a candidate
  • gained a fifth consecutive term in presidential elections in September 2005, when he was aged 77. The poll was the first under a new system which allows multiple candidates to stand.
  • He is seen as Egyptian politics' great survivor, having escaped no fewer than six assassination attempts
  • his government promised economic reforms. But Egypt remains plagued by high unemployment and low standards of living
  • 1979 Camp David agreement led to Egypt being expelled from the Arab League until 1989,
Emily B

Egypt's Anwar Sadat Assassinated in 1981 - 1 views

www.palestinefacts.org/to1991_sadat_assassination.php

shared by Emily B on 11 Apr 11 - Cached
  • Camp David Accords between Israel and Egypt in 1978 led to a negotiated peace between those two nations in 1979,
  • Egyptian President Anwar Sadat and Israeli Prime Minister Menachem Begin shared the 1978 Nobel Peace Prize
  • The agreement with Israel brought peace to Egypt but not prosperity. With no real improvement in the economy, Sadat became increasingly unpopular
  • ...6 more annotations...
  • he reacted to criticism at home by expanding censorship and jailing his opponents
  • May 1980, an impressive, nonpartisan body of citizens charged Sadat with superseding his own constitution.
  • months leading up to the assassination Sadat had lost much of his support at home and in the West due to a brutal crackdown on fundamentalists.
  • Sadat cracked down on both sides with mass arrests and brutal police tactics. The powerful Islamic student associations were banned on September 3
  • was attending an annual military parade celebrating the “successful” campaigns during the 1973 Yom Kippur War. He was saluting the troops when an assassination team ran from one of the parade vehicles and began firing weapons and throwing grenades into the reviewing stand
  • Following Sadat’s assassination, the killers were identified as Muslim radicals, members of the Egyptian Islamic Jihad
Emily B

BBC ON THIS DAY | 6 | 1981: Egypt's President Sadat assassinated - 0 views

news.bbc.co.uk/...2515841.stm

shared by Emily B on 10 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • President Sadat of Egypt has died after being shot by gunmen who opened fire as he watched an aerial display at a military parade
  • other dignitaries including foreign diplomats were killed
  • taken the salute, laid a wreath and was watching a display from the Egyptian Air Force when two grenades exploded
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Gunmen then leapt from a military truck in front of the presidential reviewing stand and ran towards the spectators, raking officials with automatic gunfire
  • Security forces then shot and killed two of the attackers and
  • attackers benefited from high-level intelligence and support
  • Reaction to President's Sadat's death has been mixed.
Mackenzie L

The eRevolution - Social Networking and Media Revolution in Egypt - 0 views

www.famousbloggers.net/the-erevolution.html

shared by Mackenzie L on 06 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • brilliantly leveraged the power of social networking tools to overthrow a corrupt regime
  • acebook, twitter and blogs were all used to mobilize people all over Egypt. The 30-year dictatorship regime of Mubarak was overthrown in 18 days of peaceful demonstrations.
  • group of young activists on Facebook calling for nationwide demonstrations to restore people’s dignity and ask for reform, freedom and social justice.
  • ...26 more annotations...
  • different Facebook groups,
  • We are all Khalid Saed”
  • Facebook group that attracted about 80,000 participants,
  • communicating heavily on twitter
  • Khaled Saed is a young Egyptian who is widely believed to have been murdered by police.
  • Other Facebook groups were initiated before, during, and after Jan 25th, 2011 to support the logistics and the massive demonstrations that erupted all over Egypt.
  • Rasd News Network (R.N.N)” Facebook group was one of the main contributors to the revolution,
  • protest updates, news updates and politicians and media reaction.
  • evening of Friday Jan 28th, and in another desperate move to stop the massive flood of people into the streets, the Egyptian regime shutdown all Internet access in Egypt
  • he large number of the group posts, user comments, message exchanges, and clear human mobilization were more than enough to indicate the kind and size of protests that would take place later on the 25th.
  • members of the Egyptian regime had a serious generation gap with the young generation of social networkers.
  • average age of the Egyptian Facebook activists was in the 20s,
  • gime members were in their 60s and 70s and ruled by an 83 years old president.
  • regime, therefore, was seriously under-qualified to fight a battle it didn’t even comprehend or to even form proper decisions in handling the situation.
  • government IT workers were mainly hired based on “loyalty” and nepotism, not based on qualifications.
  • he regime with a limited mindset thought that blocking twitter, SMS services and later Facebook access, would cut the communication lines between protestors and the movement organizers.
  • third party proxies, the young organizers didn’t take long to figure out ways to bypass the Egyptian Internet filters and to be able to once again access Facebook, twitter, YouTube and other Internet sites.
  • On the afternoon of Jan 28th, local officials extended their tactics to include cutting all cell phone communication in major cities in Egypt, thinking that this would curb the growing support and flooding of people into the streets of Egypt.
  • revolution started virtually on Facebook
  • protesters were already in the streets, flyers were already printed and being handed over to people,
  • revolution was forming rapidly.
  • The Tahrir Square (or Liberation Square) became the central gathering point for protestors in Cairo
  • Google in the meantime launched a new service called “speak2tweet”, which allowed Egyptians to call a regular landline number in Cairo and speak their tweet to an IVR/Voice recognition system. The speak2tweet system would then convert the caller voice message into a text tweet.
  • receive faxes through regular landline phones,
  • Egyptians found another way to access the Internet through old school landlines dial-up Internet services and fax services.
  • F acebook, twitter and blogs were all used to mobilize people all over Egypt. The 30-year dictatorship regime of Mubarak was overthrown in 18 days of peaceful demonstrations.
Emily B

Air Force - 0 views

www.mmc.gov.eg/...gg16.htm

shared by Emily B on 06 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • Graduated from the "Military Academy" on the 2nd of Feb. 1949.
  • Air Academy" on the 2nd of Feb, 1949 and graduated as a pilot officer on the 13th of March 1950.  
  • Fighter Squadrons "SpeedFire" for two years then he became an instructor in the " Air Academy " till Jan. 1959.
  • ...3 more annotations...
  • Oct. 1966 President Mubarak held the position of the "West-Cairo Air - Base" commander,
  • he was granted the "Air Chief Marshal" rank in 1973. 
  • 1975, he held the position of Vice President of the Republic.
Mackenzie L

The Face of Egypt's Social Networking Revolution - CBS Evening News - CBS News - 0 views

www.cbsnews.com/...main20031662.shtml

shared by Mackenzie L on 06 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • Egyptian revolution had a distinct goal, but no clear leader,
  • Wael Ghonim. His "tweets" offered both a narrative and a nudge to protesters.
  • tweeting every day, almost every hour,"
  • ...9 more annotations...
  • He has been saying this is what I'm doing this is how we are going to bring democracy freedom to Egypt. He has developed quite a massive following, he has become a figure head of this revolt. I guess we can now call it a revolution.
  • Ghonim's Facebook page first sparked the protests.
  • "We Are all Khaled Said"
  • memorialized an Egyptian businessman who had been beaten to death by police after threatening to expose corruption.
  • page called for protests on January 25th
  • "Day of Wrath" as thousands poured onto the street
  • Ghonim's arrest on January 28th
  • release 12 days later only added to his legend.
  • Middle East and North Africa marketing manager at Google.
Mackenzie L

What the Egyptian Revolution Taught Al Jazeera About Digital - 0 views

mashable.com/...al-jazeera-digital

shared by Mackenzie L on 06 Apr 11 - No Cached
  • Much has been made of the role that social media played in the Egyptian revolution
  • Al Jazeera used social media in its reporting.
  • Don’t Call It a Facebook Revolution
  • ...13 more annotations...
  • “It’s not a Twitter or Facebook revolution… It’s an Egyptian revolution.
  • Social media and mass media were importan
  • had multiplying effects
  • idn’t
  • protest because of Twitter,
  • 24/7 rolling news
  • people expect their content to be delivered is different.
  • used to be hesitant to send out too many updates [on Twitter]
  • they want to be flooded; they want to know [even if it’s not big news].”
  • Al Jazeera shifted resources
  • network had someone whose sole task was to keep the Twitter feed updated
  • tweeting information based on its on-air reporting quicker than they were tweeting it on their own account.
  • live blog grow immensely popular.
  • Mackenzie L on 06 Apr 11
     
    Read up on adam Ostrow pretty credible if you ask me :)
Emily B

Mubarak steps down, prompting jubilation in Cairo streets - 0 views

www.washingtonpost.com/...AR2011021102386.html

shared by Emily B on 25 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • after 30 years of autocratic rule over the Arab world's most populous nation.
  • Mubarak became the second Arab leader in a month to succumb to his people's powerful thirst for freedom
  • Egypt were unclear as the armed forces took control and gave little hint of how they intend to govern
  • ...7 more annotations...
  • thousands of protesters who marched to Mubarak's presidential palace to demand that he leave.
  • ubarak's abrupt abdication came just 19 hours after the 82-year-old leader had appeared on national television to declare defiantly that, despite the swelling protests against his rule, he had no plans to quit.
  • then left Cairo, apparently bound for internal exile in the Red Sea
  • six decades in which the army has been the country's dominant force.
  • Egyptian lawyers said they would submit a complaint to the country's attorney general seeking the prosecution of the Mubarak family on corruption charges
  • Tahrir Square, the plaza in central Cairo where the protests began Jan. 25
  • Angered by Mubarak's refusal to resign Thursday night, Egyptians responded early Friday with their biggest demonstrations ye
  • Emily B on 25 Mar 11
     
    this article is from the washington post. It talks about the time line of the protests and how at first Mubarak said he wasn't going to step down from presidency but 19 hours after this announcement, he did indeed step down. It also has a few quotes from citizens in celebration about and after he officially resigned they felt like they had changed the world, which they had, and finally felt free
Mackenzie L

What caused the revolution in Egypt? | Duncan Green | Global development | guardian.co.uk - 5 views

www.guardian.co.uk/...hat-caused-egyptian-revolution

shared by Mackenzie L on 22 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • demographics: an explosive mix of high population growth,
  • "a new sociological type, the graduate with no future"
  • the ordinariness of how it [demonstration] starts was quickly made apparent to people across the world through the media but also through social networking (and this could be the real impact of FB [Facebook] and Twitter, rather than any organisational function – they emphasised that demonstration and revolution were being undertaken by ordinary people, demystifying the process)."
  • ...11 more annotations...
  • That sclerosis undermined the state's legitimacy and made it unable to respond quickly and effectively to the rising tide of protests.
  • the routine and growing presence of torture and corruption became the common enemy that bound protesters together across classes.
  • army, which appears to have emerged with its reputation enhanced
  • failed to back the president,
  • Washington's confusion and contradictory messages reduced its influence
  • most celebrated event of the protests (other than the overthrow of two presidents and counting) was of course the sacrifice of Mohammed Bouazizi,
  • path dependency – how a sequence of events and actions were able to overcome the deep-rooted (and well-justified) fear of potential protesters
  • In Egypt, small groups put on simultaneous "flash mob" demonstrations in numerous locations, outmanoeuvring the security forces in a new kind of urban, social media-driven guerilla protest.
  • protesters used humour
  • 2 and 3 February, when the protestors were attacked viciously by regime thugs – the Muslim Brotherhood and organised football fan groups ... played a key role in defending [Tahrir] Square, which helped to turn those in the square from a mass of individuals into a cohesive group able to defend itself."
  • people tend to project their own passions on to the screen.
Mackenzie L

President Mubarak Apologizes Through Song from PatB - 2 views

www.funnyordie.com/...ubarak-apologizes-through-song

shared by Mackenzie L on 24 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • Mackenzie L on 24 Mar 11
     
    Protesters used this video as a humorous and different way to protest their oppression.
Angie H

Frequently Asked Questions: Egyptian Protests | Cairo Demonstrations | President Mubara... - 0 views

www.livescience.com/11740-egypt-protests-faq.html

shared by Angie H on 23 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • What spurred the protests? On Jan. 25, tens of thousands of Egyptians turned out to protest Mubarak. The trigger was a successful wave of protests in Tunisia, where demonstrators ousted the Tunisian president on Jan. 15. News outlets reported that Egyptian protesters initially turned out carrying Tunisian flags and signs that made reference to those demonstrations. Some of the protesters' targets were similar to some of those in Tunisia: high unemployment, skyrocketing food prices, pervasive poverty. But Egyptian protesters expressed their most vehement anger at government corruption, torture and police brutality, according to news reports. There was widespread anger over a recently renewed emergency law, which has been in place since 1981 and gives police the right to arrest people without charges, allows for prisoners to be detained indefinitely and curbs freedom of expression.
  • Mr. Rogness on 23 Mar 11
     
    Angie - what do you know about Live Science.com? Is it credible? How do you know? Also, if you'd like to use this article, you need to highlight more specific quotes, not such large chunks, and to summarize it.
Emily B

What's Going On In Egypt? - 0 views

www.huffingtonpost.com/...oing-on-in-egypt_n_815734.html

shared by Emily B on 22 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • Protests started on Tuesday, January 25,
  • protest poverty, rampant unemployment, government corruption and autocratic governance of President Hosni Mubarak
  • The government responded by blocking Twitter, which was being used by organizers to coordinate protests
  • ...4 more annotations...
  • Blocking Twitter not only enraged Egyptian citizens; it also brought increased national attention to the uprising. Over the course of the next two days, Egypt proceeded to block Facebook while the much-hated riot police took to the streets, arresting and injuring hundreds with batons, tear gas water cannons. Protests occurred not only in Cairo, the capital, but also in Alexandria and Suez, two other major cities
  • The largest protests were planned for Friday, at which point the government took the unprecedented step of blocking all Internet services in the country. With Twitter and Facebook already down, email other social networking outlets fell as well. Text messaging was also blocked. Protestors and journalists began finding alternate means of getting online and pushing out information
  • the military was called in to take over security
  • After a long silence, President Hosni Mubarak appeared on state television to announce that while he would be dismissing the government, he would not resign. Protestors continued to chant "Down, down with Mubarak" after his announcement
  • Emily B on 23 Mar 11
     
    This article is from the huffington post and gives background info about these protests in Egypt. Basically people were fed up with poverty and corrupt government so they began to arrange protests via twitter and facebook, in order to try to get president Mubarak to step down from his position. Basically what ended up happening was all forms of mass communication were blocked, twitter face book, text messaging, etc. People felt as though the government was trying to steal their voice so people were further angered and the riots continued. The president at first said things would change, but he would not step down. The riots did not end at this point however. People wouldn't give up until he was out of office.
  • Mr. Rogness on 23 Mar 11
     
    Good job, Emily. What do you know about the Huffington Post? Is it a credible source? How do you know?
Robin S

Hosni Mubarak - 0 views

topics.nytimes.com/...index.html

shared by Robin S on 23 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • Robin S on 23 Mar 11
     
    This article, taken from the New York Times, details recent actions taken by former Egyptian president Hosni Mubarak...
  • Mr. Rogness on 23 Mar 11
     
    OK - in your summary you should tell me a little bit more specifically what the article says about its topic.
Angie H

BBC News - Egypt country profile - 0 views

news.bbc.co.uk/...737642.stm

shared by Angie H on 23 Mar 11 - No Cached
  • President: Muhammad Hosni Mubarak (resigned) Hosni Mubarak, Egypt's longest-serving ruler since Muhammad Ali in the early 19th century and one of the longest-serving leaders in the Arab world, stepped down in February 2011 after 30 years in power.
  • He was responding to weeks of street protests, which began in January 2011, only days after the president of Tunisia fled a popular uprising.
  • His vice-president announced Mr Mubarak's resignation and said he had handed power to the army.
  • Mr. Rogness on 23 Mar 11
     
    Angie - this seems like a good article for some country basics. Is that what you're part of the project is? Make sure to summarize the articles that you intend to use in your project too.
Michelle J

Timeline: Egypt's revolution - Middle East - Al Jazeera English - 0 views

english.aljazeera.net/...201112515334871490.html

shared by Michelle J on 23 Mar 11 - No Cached
    • Michelle J
      Michelle J on 23 Mar 11
       
      Very good site for a comprehensive idea about what happened
  • Michelle J on 23 Mar 11
     
    This website gives a comprehensive look at what exactly happened in Egypt day by day and it is completely objective in the way it does so. It offers death counts, the days cellular and web services went down and back up as well as information on the leaders and the police and army actions.
  • Michelle J on 23 Mar 11
     
    (Open with web highlighted to see highlighted sections that I thought were important)
  • Mr. Rogness on 23 Mar 11
     
    Michelle - what do you know about Al Jazeera?
Mr. Rogness

The Outcome - 0 views

What is the outcome of the protests? What has happened since then? What seems likely to happen? What do you know?

started by Mr. Rogness on 23 Mar 11 no follow-up yet
Mr. Rogness

Cause of the revolution - 0 views

So what caused this revolution? To what extent were social media sites involved in organizing the revolution?

started by Mr. Rogness on 23 Mar 11 no follow-up yet
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