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This article mainly discusses about the government in India having a hike in DA by 10%, which allows the lakh employees and pensioners have a benefit. A hike in dearness allowance to 90% from existing 80%, this benefits around 50 lakh central employees and 30 lakh pensioners. The government caused this in order to give benefits to employees and pensioners. Which will show a effect of proportion of basic pay, and it will work out to be over 90% after factoring in the revised all India Consumer Price Index for the Industrial Workers. The impact of it will be that DA was hiked to 80% from 72%. The government uses Consumer Price Index for industrial workers to arrive at a number for the purpose of any DA hike. The retail inflation for the industrial workers (July 2012~ June 2013) needs to take a finial decision.

The article is talking about the situation in japan. The article talk about the deflation that japan has been suffering for the past years, but is saying how japan adapt to it and benefit from it. At the end of the article talks about a paradox that is happening in Japan called the Abe's Paradox that is when a country is both suffering and benefiting form deflation so they don't now to keep it and increase the countries debt or remove it.  The cause of the inflation in japan has been based on how japan has not make any polices to increase central bank polices and that the resulted in deflation. The effect has been both positive and negative, is that the nation debt has approach the 250 percent of gross domestic product. The positive effect is that how deflation helped the price levels to be stable and act like tax cut for households, and put some sobriety for cost. Also how the economic players of japan have adapted to deflationary environment and they now how to benefit from it.

1. Britain wants to open up a free trade agreement with China; this would be a multi-billion dollar agreement. The EU is highly opposing this, and especially believes that this decision would have to be discussed for a lot longer. Britain's future in the EU is unknown, as they may no longer be welcome due to decisions such as these, which also involve nuclear weapon production and exchange.  2. The article is arguing against free trade, because it seems like the decision would solely benefit the UK and China, whereas other countries will be left out and may even be in danger. Also, because there are so many against it, it would seem best to wait.  3. Domestically, Britain would be extremely benefitted, as the would get a very high profit. Their consumers would have more choices at lower prices. Also their firms will be able to expand their markets, though may face new competition. The government will also gain a very high profit.  Foreignly, it will have many problems with the rest of the EU and other countries, so it may seem unadvisable, especially if it gets cut off from the union. Also, this will mean less exportation therefore loss of money. 

1.The article, which reports an increase in poverty levels in Italy, discusses about both relative and absolute poverty. Relative poverty places the concept of poverty in a social context, people are defined poor when compared to those around them but still have money to survive, relative poverty is based on the cultural environment of the person. Absolute poverty, on the other hand, is when people don't have enough money to meet a basic threshold that is need by everyone to survive, and so cannot afford food, clothing, a house, heating etc. which is what is needed for survival.  2.The biggest causes of poverty in Italy are: unemployment and health/disability. According to the article Italy has been facing its greatest post-war recession, war can also be a huge cause of poverty in countries. Also, the article talks about how in the southern part of Italy people are poorer, when compared to the north, that is also because in Italy southern regions are less economically developed compared to north regions.  3.The article discusses about some consequences of poverty in Italy, by saying that poverty has risen unemployment and has declined purchasing power which have been caused by an increase in taxes which aimed at strengthening the public's finances. The article then discusses about more of personal consequences for Italians which have been considered poor, with poverty levels rising those Italians can no longer afford heating for their homes, holidays away from Italy and purchasing/eating meat. 

1. The article talks about both relative and absolute poverty. Depending on the conditions of the households, the level of poverty changes (mix of them in Italy).   2. Some of the possible causes of poverty are because there is high unemployment and higher lack of skills in the southern regions of Italy which are less developed and account for high amounts of poverty in the country. Another cause is that some families have many children, meaning there is less disposable income (they cannot work) and there are higher costs to pay for them. This is also true when the heads of the families are unemployed (unemployment benefits are not enough to support a family) or factory workers (below minimum wage, low wages, lots of hours, low skilled jobs, structural unemployment, firing because of recession). Another issue is when there are two or more elderly people (do not work, or retirement funds are lower with recession, retirement age has increased therefore with aging less productive and lower wages, less disposable income because they have to be sustained). The recession is the main cause of the unemployment and lack of disposable income, therefore purchasing power and consumption have decreased, especially because of a high increase in taxes.   3. The consequences are that people are going below the poverty line and cannot afford necessities (the amount of people in absolute poverty continues to increase, as well as the one in relative poverty). This means that people cannot afford certain key necessities; some mentioned in the article were heating, holidays and meat. 

This article is talking about rrelative poverty because this people are earning less than the average person. The main cause of this is the austerities cuts that the goverment is making were only the rich people can benefit from it. Some consequence of this is that is going to be harder for the countries to exit the resseion and peole will live in bad conditions.

In this article the British prime minister David Cameron promised the leaders of China that he would advocate a multibillion dollar free trade deal. The British prime minister states that China is the second best economy after the USA and so he decided to advocate this free trade deal because he believes that in the long run it will benefit his nation. Opposing his thought though is the European nation, who stated that advocating such deal was a premature move. After this the discussion of human rights drops in, on how EU believes that by advocating such deal there will also be negative consequences on the citizens of Britain.

This articled discusses about the EU imposing anti-dumping duties on biofuel from Argentina and Indonesia, which will last five years. Argentina and Indonesia have access to the raw materials necessary at a way lower price than the global market prices available for the EU. The EU has worked in collaboration with the WTO to enforce this punishment on Argentina and Indonesia, which will last five years.  This article is clearly for free trade because it shows how anti-dumping is important and must be enforced, since it isn't fair for the foreign countries to impose a higher price than the production one. Stakeholders can be affected by this issue, for example Argentina and Indonesia will now have to pay their duties for five years because of them dumping biofuel in the EU, while the EU will benefit from this situation since they will now pay the normal price for biofuel. consumers will also probably pay a bit less, since the country as a whole and the government will have to pay less to obtain biofuel. 

1) Distinguish whether or not the article is talking about absolute or relative poverty. This article is talking about absolute poverty 2) According to the article what are some possible causes of poverty. According to the article some possible causes of poverty are: a. Inflation increased b. Wages increased slower than the rate of inflation causing people to be earning less. 3) According to the article what seem to be some of the consequences of poverty. Some of the consequences of poverty are: Income fell as the earnings and benefit grew more slowly than the cost of living. Therefore there is also a decrease in the living standards.

1) Distinguish whether or not the article is talking about absolute or relative poverty. 2) According to the article what are some possible causes of poverty. 3) According to the article what seem to be some of the consequences of poverty. 1) In this article, the Untied States are described as having a large amount of relative poverty. 2) The cause of the poverty is stated to be the lack of attention to issues by the Government and media involving poverty. The effects of this may be a poorly adjusted minimum wage to inflation, the lack of support for those in relative poverty and the removal of unemployment benefits. 3) It is implicated in the article that there is a poor level of attention to this issue, and that the level of equality is low. The reason to this may be the higher efficiency in an economy at a low equality.

1. The article addresses tariffs in relation to the so called 'Infant Industries'. Even though international free trade  helps poorer countries to get out of poverty, tariffs for the protection of an infant industry represent an exception. In fact, they are part of Protectionism which clearly counter attacks international imports, and they aim at giving a chance to developing domestic industries to become stable and efficient so that they can enter in global competition. But even in such case, economists have proved that they do more harm than good.  2. The article is more prone to free international trade, as it criticizes the application of tariffs even in relation to infant industries, as they always provide more disadvantages than benefits. 3. Of course, Infant industries would be protected with the application of tariffs, although these may not be as efficient all the times. However, this means higher costs for government, which weighs on consumers to get tax revenue to support domestic developing industries.

1) This article talks about the EU that threatens anti-subisdy tariffs to the Argentinean and Indonesian biodiesel after approving five-year levies to counter below-cost, or "dumped," imports from both countries. 2)The article is arguing in favour of free trade as it tries to impose Argentina and Indonesia Anti-dumping 3) The effects on stake holders, will be that in this case Argentina and Indonesia will have to pay for five years as a consequence of them dumping the BIO-fuel on the EU. on the other hand the EU will benefit from this situation as from now one they will pay the normal price and therefore the consumers will pay less as the cost for the government and the country to get the fuel is less.

Using the Google News search tool please find an article that relates to one or more of the above concepts that you have just listed. Make sure that you tag it "Trade" on Diigo and share to the class. In the description box please do the following: 1) Briefly summarize the article (3-4 sentences) 2) Is your article arguing for or against free trade? Explain 3) Explain how different stakeholders might be affected (foreign/domestic producers, consumers, gov't)

Using the Google News search tool please find an article that relates to one or more of the above concepts that you have just listed. Make sure that you tag it "Trade" on Diigo and share to the class. In the description box please do the following: 1) Briefly summarize the article (3-4 sentences) 2) Is your article arguing for or against free trade? Explain 3) Explain how different stakeholders might be affected (foreign/domestic producers, consumers, gov't)

1) Distinguish whether or not the article is talking about absolute or relative poverty. This article addresses absolute poverty. 2) According to the article what are some possible causes of poverty. According to the article the cause of poverty seems to be rising inequality, indicating that the benefits of recent economic gains were not distributed evenly. Additionally lack of decent and productive jobs kept most people in the region poor. Also economic growth is not generating sufficient, decent and productive employment. This is due to the nature of growth and the pattern of structural change in many countries in which workers move from agriculture into low-productivity services. 2) According to the article what are some possible causes of poverty. The major consequence or reality is that 1..64 billion people still live on less than two dollars a day. Apart from a huge part of the population starving everyday there are also problems concerning health and sanitary issues.