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Lsyncd watches a local directory trees event monitor interface (inotify or fsevents). It aggregates and combines events for a few seconds and then spawns one (or more) process(es) to synchronize the changes.

"Apache Hama is a pure BSP (Bulk Synchronous Parallel) computing framework on top of HDFS (Hadoop Distributed File System) for massive scientific computations such as matrix, graph and network algorithms. Today, many practical data processing applications require a more flexible programming abstraction model that is compatible to run on highly scalable and massive data systems (e.g., HDFS, HBase, etc). A message passing paradigm beyond Map-Reduce framework would increase its flexibility in its communication capability. Bulk Synchronous Parallel (BSP) model fills the bill appropriately. Some of its significant advantages over MapReduce and MPI are: * Supports message passing paradigm style of application development * Provides a flexible, simple, and easy-to-use small APIs * Enables to perform better than MPI for communication-intensive applications * Guarantees impossibility of deadlocks or collisions in the communication mechanisms"

"Apache Giraph is an iterative graph processing system built for high scalability. For example, it is currently used at Facebook to analyze the social graph formed by users and their connections. Giraph originated as the open-source counterpart to Pregel, the graph processing architecture developed at Google and described in a 2010 paper. Both systems are inspired by the Bulk Synchronous Parallel model of distributed computation introduced by Leslie Valiant. Giraph adds several features beyond the basic Pregel model, including master computation, sharded aggregators, edge-oriented input, out-of-core computation, and more. With a steady development cycle and a growing community of users worldwide, Giraph is a natural choice for unleashing the potential of structured datasets at a massive scale."

The ss command is used to show socket statistics. It can display stats for PACKET sockets, TCP sockets, UDP sockets, DCCP sockets, RAW sockets, Unix domain sockets, and much more. It allows showing information similar to netstat command. It can display more TCP and state information than other tools. It is a new, incredibly useful and faster (as compare to netstat) tool for tracking TCP connections and sockets. SS can provide information about: All TCP sockets. All UDP sockets. All established ssh / ftp / http / https connections. All local processes connected to X server. Filtering by state (such as connected, synchronized, SYN-RECV, SYN-SENT,TIME-WAIT), addresses and ports. All the tcp sockets in state FIN-WAIT-1 and much more. Most Linux distributions are shipped with ss and many monitoring tools. Being familiar with this tool helps enhance your understand of what's going on in the system sockets and helps you find the possible causes of a performance problem.

"FreeIPA allows Linux administrators to centrally manage identity, authentication and access control aspects of Linux and UNIX systems by providing simple to install and use command line and web based management tools. FreeIPA is built on top of well known Open Source components and standard protocols with a very strong focus on ease of management and automation of installation and configuration tasks. FreeIPA can seamlessly integrate into an Active Directory environment via cross-realm Kerberos trust or user synchronization. Benefits FreeIPA: Allows all your users to access all the machines with the same credentials and security settings Allows users to access personal files transparently from any machine in an authenticated and secure way Uses an advanced grouping mechanism to restrict network access to services and files only to specific users Allows central management of security mechanisms like passwords, SSH Public Keys, SUDO rules, Keytabs, Access Control Rules Enables delegation of selected administrative tasks to other power users Integrates into Active Directory environments"

CopyFS aims to solve a common problem : given a directory, especially one full of configuration files, or other files that one can modify, and which can affect the functionning of a system, or of programs, that may be important to other users (or to the user himself), how to be sure that a person modifying the files will do a backup of the working version first ? This filesystem solves the problem by making the whole process transparent, automatically keeping versionned copies of all the changes done to file under its control. It also allows a user to select an old version of the files, for example to repair a mistake, and allows him/her to continue edition from this point.