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Argument: I might be mistaken, as I have not read all 80 pages of this magazine, but the argument for pages 79-80 is certainly that people enjoy literature they perceive to be real. Good writers give their plots 'Authority'.
Claim 1: Crichton demands 'moral attention' by using scientific facts.
Evidence: The Velociraptor of "Jurassic Park" is considered an accurate representation of a predator, and after the publication of the novel, the dinosaur entered popular culture.

Argument: Although the subject of Steinbeck's novels change overtime, he maintains a view of certain fundamental values and attitudes such as naturalism and romanticism. Claim: Steinbeck's obsessiveness with science/biology as well as the relationship between man and his environment appear throughout his novels. However, he often strays from science and writes off an emotional bias by writing fondly of those that live natural lives and behave naturally. Evidence: In "Sea of Cortez", he states "There would seem to be only one commandment for living things: Survive!" (Sea of Cortez). A majority of this book is about a group of boys who focus on what is occurring during the present time and handle issues with their reactions instead of with 'teleological thinking' (2). In addition, he touches on the subject of the scientific viewpoint that everyone is fighting to stay alive and make it in this world. http://go.galegroup.com.lib.chandleraz.gov/ps/retrieve.do?sgHitCountType=None&sort=RELEVANCE&inPS=true&prodId=LitRC&userGroupName=chandler_main&tabID=T001&searchId=R1&resultListType=RESULT_LIST&contentSegment=&searchType=BasicSearchForm&currentPosition=1&contentSet=GALE%7CH1420074523&&docId=GALE|H1420074523&docType=GALE&role=LitRC

Argument: Naturalism is the application of principles of scientific determinism. Humans view the world as animals would, responding to environmental forces and internal stress and drives.  Claim: There are eight ways to determine if a piece of literature contains naturalism: objectivity, frankness, amoral attitude toward material, philosophy of determinism, bias toward pessimism in selection of details, bias in selection of characters, characters are subject to certain temptations, and complexity and American Determinism. Evidence: Smith gives no evidence to support his claims, however he does cite three books (Parrington's The Beginnings of Critical Realism in America: 1860-1920, Murfin and Roy's The Bedford Glossary of Critical and Literary Terms, and Holman and Harmon's A Handbook to Literature). Evidence, however, can be shown throughout naturalists' novels. Steinbeck, a proven naturalist by critics, has these criteria shine through vividly throughout his literature. For example, one criterion given was the bias in selection of characters. "There are usually three types: (a) characters marked by strong physiques and small intellectual activity; (b) characters of excited neurotic temperament, at the mercy of moods, driven by forces they do not stop to analyze; (c) an occasional use of strong character whose will is broken" (1). In Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men, Lenny (type A) is a strong, tall man with no brains. His friend, George, (type b) who has extreme mood swings between sympathetic and furious, must keep his Lenny from speaking because his stupidity might ruin their jobs. http://www.viterbo.edu/perspgs/faculty/GSmith/Naturalism.html

Beresford states that The Time Machine is a romance, and he uses the time machine as a literary device in order to prove that time travel is possible. Beresford argues that Wells uses the future to criticize the social status of England of his era. The Eloi and Morlocks represented the haves and have-nots. Also further into future the earth is degrading and the question arises, whether the human race had a major impact in the decline of the earth, or if the earth had reached its end of existence. Beresford argues that The Time Machine lacked certain aspects of imagination and style, but it was a brilliant fantasy. The novella represents Wells' views on the world during his time and his experiments with the improbable. It uses the improbable and imaginative to create a satire of the social system in his time.